| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“GISELA, born 819-822. She married about 836 EBERHARD (or EVRARD), Margrave of Friuli, before 836? - 864/865, son of Hunroch (or Unroch), Count of Teinois, by Angiltrud, daughter, perhaps, of Begue, Count of Paris. They had five sons, Eberhard, Hunroch (or Unroch) [Margrave of Friuli], Berengario (or Bérenger) (I) [Duke of Friuli, King of Italy, Emperor], Adalard, and Raoul (or Rodolfe) [Abbot of Saint-Vaast and Saint-Bertin], and four daughters, Engeltrude, Heilwig (or Hélvide) (wife of Hucbald, Count of Ostrevant, and Roger I, Count of Laon), Gisela (nun in Brescia), and Judith (wife of Heinrich, Margrave in Frisia). He received the marquessate of Friuli from Lothair I, and held it with his wife in addition to his possessions in Italy and in Germany, his large holdings bordering the river Meuse, Hesbaye, Condroz, Texandrie and the pagus Moilla, and also other lands in the vicinity of Arras and Tournai, in Ostrevant, Cysoing and elsewhere. His wealth and political influence made him one of the most important men of his time. He was said to be highly cultured, and his testament enumerated many religious works. He maintained friendships with Hraban Maur, archbishop of Mayence, Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims, and with other men of letters. He founded Cysoing Abbey in the diocese of Noyon, and he transported to the abbey the relics of St. Calixtus, which he obtained from the pope. He made his testament about 863-864, and died [?16 Dec.] 865-866, and was buried at Cysoing. In 869 his widow, Gisela, gave Somain in Ostrevant to her son, Adalard. In 870 she and her son, Raoul, confirmed and augmented donations to Cysoing towards her burial and that of her daughter, Engeltrude. Gisela was living 1 July 874, when she made another grant to Cysoing.
Études d'Histoire de Moyen Age dediées el Gabrielle Monod (1896): 155-162. Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) III 14, IV 24-32 and also p. 86, notes concerning Nov. 28 and 30). Decker-Hauff (1955): 293. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 188A (sub Italy). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): III.14, IV.32-38c. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993).”
2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“LOUIS the Pious, King of Aquitaine, 781-813, Joint emperor, Emperor, 813-814, 834-840, legitimate son, born at Chasseneuil-du-Poitou in Aquitaine in 778, between 16 April and September. He married (1st) about 794 ERMENGARDE OF HASPENGAU, daughter of Ingram, Count of Haspengau. They had Lothair (I) [King of Bavaria, joint Emperor, Emperor], Pépin (or Pippin) (I) [King of Aquitaine], and Ludwig (II) [King of Bavaria, King of the Eastern Franks], and two daughters, Rotrude and Hildegarde. His wife, Ermengarde, died 3 October 818. He married (2nd) in February 819 JUDITH, daughter of Welf I, Count of Altorf, by his wife, Eigilwi (or Heilwich). She was born about 805. They had one son, Charles the Bald [King of the Western Franks, Emperor], and one daughter, Gisela (wife of Eberhard, Margrave of Friuli). By an unknown mistress, he also had one illegitimate son, Arnulf. LOUIS the Pious (or LUDWIG der Fromme) died on an island in the Rhine near Ingelheim 20 June 840, and was buried in the church of the abbey of Saint Arnoul at Metz. His widow, Judith, died at Tours 19 April 843.
Viollet Prières et Fragments religieux (1870): 47-63. Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno 840. Ludvicus imperator 12 Kal. Iulii diem obiit."). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica (Necrologia Germaniæ 1) (1888): 275 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: "XIII kal. May [19 April] - Judit regina"), 277 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: "XI kal. July [21 June] - Hludowicus imperator augustus") Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 112 (seal of Emperor Louis I dated A.D. 816 - Oval: a bust, in profile to the right, crowned with laurel. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE HLVDOVVICVM IMPERATORE.), 112 (undated seal of Emperor Louis I - Oval: bust in profile to the right, crowned with laurel. The drapery fastened on the right shoulder with a button. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE HLVDOVVICVM IMPERATORE.). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 53 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D 840: "Hludowicus imperator moritur."). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) II 6. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 1 (1980): 2 (sub Die Karolinger); 3(4) (1989): 736 (sub Welfen). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): II.5, III.9-III.15. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993).
Children of Louis I (or Ludwig I), by Ermengarde of Haspengau:
i. LOTHAIR, King of Bavaria, King of Italy, Emperor, married ERMENGARDE OF TOURS [see Line C, Gen. 3].
Children of Louis I (or Ludwig I), by Judith of Altorf:
i. CHARLES II the Bald, King of Neustria, King of the West Franks, King of Italy, Emperor [see next].
ii. GISELA, married EBERHARD, Margrave of Friuli [see Line D, Gen. 3 below].”
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
822 - 
d. 20 Jun 840, near Ingelheim am Rhein, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany 