| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“EUSTACHE II aux Grenons (Gernobadatus), Count of Boulogne, Count of Lens. He married (1st) before 1049 GODA OF ENGLAND, widow of Dreux, Count of Vexin (died 1035), and daughter of Aethelred II, King of England, by Emma, daughter of Richard I, Duke of Normandy. Their issue, if any, is uncertain. In 1047 he and his brother, Count Lambert, and Count Baldwin V of Flanders were in attendance at the court of King Henry III of Germany, where they witnessed Henry's confirmation of a gift to St. Medard. Shortly afterwards both he and Count Baldwin V joined in the rebellion of Godfrey the Bearded, Duke of Lower Lorraine, who sought to reunite the duchies of Upper and Lower Lorraine under his control. In 1049 Pope Leo IX excommunicated Eustache at the Council of Reims for incest, he and his wife being related within the prohibited degrees, specifically in the 6th and 5th degrees of kindred by common descent from King Alfred the Great of England. He was involved in a serious incident with the citizens of Dover in 1051 during one of his English visits. In 1055 he and King Henry III witnessed Duke Godfrey the Bearded's foundation charter of Longliers Priory. His wife, Goda, died before 1056. He married (2nd) in 1057 [SAINT] IDA OF VERDUN, daughter of Godfrey I the Bearded, Count of Verdun, Duke of Upper Lorraine, 1044-47, Duke of Lower Lorraine (1065-1069), by his 1st wife, Doda. They had four sons, Eustache III [Count of Boulogne and Lens], Godfrey of Bouillon [Duke of Lower Lorraine, Defender or Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre], Baldwin (I) [Count of Edessa, King of Jerusalem], and William, and one daughter, Agnes. By an unidentified mistress (or mistresses), he also had two illegitimate sons, Geoffrey and Eustace (I) Garnier. In 1056 he witnessed a charter in favor of Saint-Bertin Abbey issued by Count Baldwin V of Flanders. He was a key participant in the Norman invasion of England in 1066. He witnessed a charter for William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, at Bayeux probably in 1066, and a writ for him in England after the Conquest dated 1067. While King William was in Normandy in 1067, Eustache allied himself with subversive elements in Kent and landed an invasion force at Dover. As a result, Eustache lost his English lands. Sometime before 1075, probably in 1071-74, he and King William were reconciled and renewed their friendship, after which Eustache's English lands were restored to him. At the Domesday survey in 1086 he was holding lands in eleven counties in England, the majority of which were in Essex. His wife, Ida, was holding lands in 1086 in Dorset, Somerset, and Surrey. EUSTACHE II, Count of Boulogne, died in or before 1088, when his son, Eustache, is styled "Eustachius juvenis, Bolniensis comes." In 1102 King Henry I confirmed to the canons of the priory of St. Wuknar in Boulogne the manor of Nutfield, Surrey, "at the prayer of Ida Countess of Boulogne, who held that manor from [King] William I." She died 13 August 1113.
Gian Domenico Mansi Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio 19 (1774): 742 (Year: 1049- "Excommunicavit etiam comites Engelrai & Eustachium propter incesturn"). L’Art de Vérifier les Dates 2 (1784): 760-767 (sub Comtes de Boulogne). Ellis General Introduction to Domesday Book 1 (1833): 384-385 ("Ida, daughter of the Duke of Lorraine, the second wife of (Count) Eustace, is the lady whose property is recorded in the entries above referred to. Her children by Earl Eustace were, the celebrated Godfrey of Boulogne and Baldwin the First, Kings of Jerusalem; Eustace, who succeeded his father in the earldom of Boulogne; William, of whom a charter exists in the British Museum, granted to the Monastery of Sautrey; and Ida, wife of Baldwin Count or Earl of Berg, and mother of Baldwin the Second, King of Jerusalem." Guerard Cartulaire de l'Abbeye de Saint-Berlin (1840): 184-187. Symeonis Dunelmenir Opera et Collectanea 1 (Surtees Soc. 51) (1868): 101-403. Planche Conqueror & his Companions (1874). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11(1876): 205-206 (Ex Genealogia de qua ortus est Carolus Magnus), 239-240 (Ex Orderic Vitalis); 370 (Ex Genealogia B. Arnulphi Metensis Episcopi), 374 (Genealogiæ ex Chronicis Hainoniensibus), 523 (Concilium Remense), 582-583 (confirmation charter of King Henry III of Germany dated 1047); 13 (1869): 425 (Historia Ghisnensium Comitum), 585 (Ex Genealogia Caroli Magni qua Narnurcensium Comitum et Boloniens), 647-648 (Ex Genealogia B. Arnulphi), 714 (Ex Chronico Saxonico). Monumenta Germaniae Historica 9 (1925): 300-301; 20 (1925): 58 (Orderici Vitalis Historia Ecclesiastica); 584 (Triumphale Bulonicum); 25 (1925): 389 (Genealogia Ducum Brabantiz Heredum Francix); 395 (Genealogia Ducum Brabantix Ampliata). Sellers De Carpentier Allied Ancestry (1928): 185-188. Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935): X 75, XI/209-211. Johnson & Cronne Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum 1066-1154 2 (1956): 23. Ottenthal & Hirsch Die Urkunden der Deutschen Könige and Kaiser (Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Diplomatum regum et imperatorum Germaniae 8: Lothar III) (1957): 122-124. Gladiss Die Urkunden der Deutschen Konige and Kaiser (Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Diplomatum regum et imperatorum Germaniae 6: Heinrici IV. Diplomata Pt. 2) (1959): 619-620. Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961): 435-437. Ross Cartulary of Cirencester Abbey 1 (1964): 20-21. Parisse La Noblesse Lorraine s. 2 (1976): 846-847. Davis “William of Poitiers & his Hist. of William the Conqueror" in Davis and Wallace-Hadrill Writing of History in the Middle Ages (1981). Essays Presented to Richard William Southern (1981): 81-82. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3 (1989): 621; 6 (1978): 127 (ancestry of Ida von Verdun). Hollister "Greater Domesday Tenants-in-Chief" in Holt Domesday Studies: Papers read at the Novocentenary Conference of the Institute of British Geographers, Winchester, 1986 (1987): 219-248, especially Appendix A. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.124, XI.223-XI.226, XI.469. Brown "Bayeux Tapesty: Why Eustace, Odo and William?" in Anglo-Norman Studies 12 (1989): 7-28. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(4) (1989): 621 (sub Boulogne). Williams "The King's Nephew: The Fam. & Career of Ralph Earl of Hereford" in Harper-Bill Studies in Medieval Hirtog presented to R. Allen Brown (1989): 327-340. Tock Chartes des Eveques d'Arras (1093-1203) (Coll. de Docs. inedits sur l'Histoire de France Section d'Histoire Medievale et de Philologie 20) (1991): 17-19. Taylor "Ingelric, Count Eustace & the Foundation of St. Martin-le-Grand" in Anglo-Norman Studies 24 (2002): 215-237. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 290 (Boulogne ped.), 300 (Ardenne-Verdun ped.).
Child of Eustace II of Boulogne, by Ida of Verdun:
i. EUSTACHE III, Count of Boulogne and Lens. He married MARY OF SCOTLAND, daughter of Malcolm III (Ceannmor), King of Scots, by his 2"d wife, [Saint] Margaret, daughter of Edward Ætheling [see SCOTLAND 1 for her ancestry]. They had one daughter, Maud [Countess of Boulogne, Queen of England]. By an unknown mistress (or mistresses), he had three illegitimate sons, Raoul, Eustache, and Godfrey. In 1105 he founded the Priory of Rumilly-leComte, a cluniac house in the Pas de Calais, to which religious house he gave the advowsons of High Ongar, Little Laver, and Stanford Rivers, Essex. In 1107 he witnessed a charter for Richard de Rivers. In old age, he resigned the county of Boulogne to his son-in-law, Stephen, and became a monk at Rumilly-le-Comte Priory, where he was living in 1125. He was deceased sometime before 1142, when his son-in-law, King Stephen of England, granted land in the Boulonnais to Clairmarais Abbey "for the soul of count Eustace." Wharton Anglia Sacra (1691): 160 (Chronicon Sanctæ Crucis Edinburgensis sub A.D. 1115: "obiit Maria Comitissa de Bolonia secundo Kalendarum Junii [31 May]."). L'Art de Verifier les Dates 2 (1784): 760-767 (sub Comtes de Boulogne). Luard Annales Monastici 3 (Rolls Set. 36) (1866): 432 (Bermondsey Annals sub A.D. 1115: "Hoc anno obiit Maria comitissa Bolonix, soror Matildis reginx uxoris Henrici regis primi, xiv. kalendas Maii [28 April]."). Memoires de la Société académique de l'Affondissement de Boulogne-sur-Mer 5 (1873-1876): 83-88 (charter of Eustache III, Count of Boulogne dated 1121; charter names his father and his mother, Yde). Delisle Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France 11(1876): 205-206 (Ex Genealogia de qua ortus est Carolus Magnus); 374 (Genealogies ex Chronicis Hainoniensibus); 13 (1869): 425 (Historia Ghisnensium Comitum), 585 (Ex Genealogia Caroli Magni qua Namurcensium Comitum et Boloniens), 714 (Ex Chronico Saxonico). Lhomel Chartes inédites concernant les Abbeyes de Saint-Josse-sur-Mer et de Saint-Saulve de Montreuil (1888): 5 (charter of Eustache, Count of Boulogne dated 1120). Round Calendar of Documents Preserved in France 1 (1899): 492, 507. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. J.S. Steele 'Stagsden and its Manors' in Pubs. Bedfordshire Hist. Rec. Soc. 8 (1924): 1-12 (item re. Count Eustache, the Domesday tenant). Monumenta Germaniae Historica 9 (1925): 300-301. Sellers De Carpentier Allied Ancestry (1928): 185-187. VCH Essex 4 (1956): 182-185, 216-218. Parisse Noblesse Lorraine Xle-XIIIe s. 2 (1976): 846-847. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.223, XII.396- 1(II.397. Schwennicke Europaische Stammtafeln 3(4) (1989): 621 (sub Boulogne). Tock Chartes des Eveques d'Arras (1093-1203) (Coll. de Docs. inédits sur l'Histoire de France Section d'Histoire Medievale et de Philologie 20) (1991): 17-19, 32-36. Bearman Charters of the Redvers Fam. & the Earldom of Devon, 1090-1217 (Devon and Cornwall Rec. Soc. n.s. 37) (1994): 57-59. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Taylor Ingelric, Count Eustace & the Foundation of St. Martin-le-Grand (Anglo-Norman Studies 24) (2002): 215-237. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 290 (Boulogne ped.), 291 (chart), 300 (Ardenne-Verdun ped.), 313 (Scotland ped).
Child of Eustache III of Boulogne, by Mary of Scotland:
a. MAUD OF BOULOGNE, married STEPHEN, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Boulogne and Mortain [see BRABANT 3].
Illegitimate child of Eustache II of Boulogne, by unknown mistress:
i. GEOFFREY OF BOULOGNE [see next]."
2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“MALCOLM III (CEANNMORE), King of the Cumbrians, King of Scots, eldest son of Duncan I, King of Scots, by ___, cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland, born about 1031. He defeated and killed Macbeth, King of Scots at Lunfanan, Mar 15 August 1057. He became King of Scots on the defeat and death of Lulach 17 March 1057/8. He was crowned at Scone 25 April 1058. In 1061 he invaded England, and ravaged Northumberland and Lindisfarne. He married (1st) INGEBIORG (or INGIBJORG), widow of Earl Thorfin Sigurdson the Mighty, Earl of Orkney (died about 1064), and daughter of Earl Finn Arnason. They had three sons, Duncan [King of Scots], Malcolm, and Donald. His wife, Ingebiorg, died 17 Feb., year unknown. He married (2nd) at Dunfermline, Fife in 1068-9 [SAINT] MARGARET, daughter of Edward the Ætheling, by his wife, Agatha, kinswoman of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. They had six sons, Edward, Edmund [Prince of Cumbria, afterwards a monk], Ethelred [Earl of Fife, Abbot of Dunkeld], Edgar [King of Scots], Alexander [I] [King of Scots], and David [I] [King of Scots], and two daughters, Maud and Mary. He invaded England in the spring of 1069/70, and ravaged Teesdale, Cleveland, Holderness, and the country between the Tees and the Tyne. In 1072 King William the Conqueror invaded Scotland by land and sea, and King Malcolm gave hostages and became 'his man' about 15 August 1072. In 1072 he granted lands in Lothian to his kinsman, Gospatric, who was deprived of the earldom of Northumberland by King William the Conqueror. He and his wife, Margaret, granted Ballichristian to the Culdees of Lochleven. He expelled Malsnectai, mormaer of Moray in 1078. In 1079 he devasted Northumberland as far as the Tyne. He harried a great part of the north of England in 1091; he and King William II of England made peace in Sept. 1091. He was present at the laying of the foundation stone at Durham Cathedral 11 August 1093. In August 1093 he went to Gloucester, where King William II refused to receive him. At the beginning of November 1093 he invaded England again. MALCOLM III, King of Scots, was killed by Morel of Bamborough at Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov. 1093. He was initially buried at Tynemouth, but his son, King Alexander I, later removed his body to Dunfermline, Fife. His widow, Margaret, died at Edinburgh Castle 16 Nov. 1093, and was buried before the high altar in the church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, Fife. She was canonized by Pope Innocent IV in 1250.
Dalrymple Annals of Scotland 1 (1797): 1-50. Rod Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 215 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "XIII. Kal. Mar. [17 Feb.]. Ob. Ingeberga Comitissa"), 218 ("Id. Nov. [13 Nov.]. Ob. Malcolmus et Dunecanus Reges Scottorum et Margarita Regina"). Burton Hist. of Scotland 1 (1867): 350 ("Malcolm the son of Duncan is known as Malcolm III., but still better perhaps by his characteristic name of Canmore, said to come from the Celtic 'Cenn Mór,’ meaning 'great head."). Turgot Life of St Margaret, Queen of Scotland (1884). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 7 (Notitia of a grant by King Malcolm III and Queen Margaret to the Keledei of Loch Leven dated 1070-93), 7-8 (letter from Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury to Margaret, Queen of Scotland dated 1070-89), 8-9 (charter of King Malcolm III to the Church of Dunfermline dated 1070-93), 271 ("The older writers call Duncan `nothus,’ a bastard, but when Torfæus relying on the Orkneyinga Saga, stated that Malcolm Canmore had married Ingibiorg, the widow of Earl Thorfin, and had by her a son, Duncan, later Scottish historians began to consider Duncan to be legitimate."). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Anderson Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers (1908). Anderson Early Sources of Scottish Hist. 1 (1922.) Ritchie Normans in Scotland (1954). Duquesne Review 7 (1962): 71-80. Palsson & Edwards Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney (1978). Anderson Kings & Kingship in Early Scotland (1980). Barrow Kingship & Unity: Scotland, 1000-1306 (1989). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. NEHGR 152 (1998): 224-235. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999). Barrell Medieval Scotland (2000). Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.). Dunlop Queen Margaret of Scotland (2005).
Children of King Malcolm III, by Ingebiorg of Orkney:
i. DUNCAN II, King of Scots, married ETHELREDA (or OCTREDA) OF DUNBAR [see HARINGTON 2].
ii. MALCOLM OF SCOTLAND. He witnessed a charter of his brother, king Duncan II, in 1094. His subsequent history is unknown. Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34.
iii. DONALD OF SCOTLAND, died in 1085. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Duncan Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom (1975): 118. Magnusson Scotland: The Story of a Nation (2003): 62.
Children of King Malcolm III, by [Saint] Margaret:
i. EDWARD OF SCOTLAND. He was wounded at Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov. 1093, and died at Edwardsisle near Jedburgh 16 Nov. 1093. He was buried in Dunfermline, Fife. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999): 196. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
ii. EDMUND OF SCOTLAND. He joined his uncle, Donald Bane, against his half-brother, King Duncan II, and seems to have ruled the parts of Scotia south of the Firths of Forth and Clyde, from 12 Nov. 1094 to October 1097. He subsequently became a monk and died at Montague, Somerset. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
iii. ETHELRED, Abbot of Dunkeld. He gave lands to the Culdees of Lochleven. At his death, he was buried in the church at Kilrimont. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
iv. EDGAR, King of Scots, born about 1074. He witnessed a charter of his half-brother, King Duncan II, in 1094. He became King of Scots after his uncle, King Donald Bane, had been deposed, with the help of the English under Egdar Atheling (his mother's brother) about 8 October 1097. He gave lands to the church at Durham, Coldingham, Dunfermline, and St. Andrews. He took his uncle, Donald Bane, ex-King of Scots, prisoner in 1099. He died unmarried at Edinburgh Castle 8 Jan. 1106/7, and was buried before the great altar in the church at Dunfermline, Fife. Rud Codicam Manuscriptomm Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 215 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "III. Id. Jan. [11 Jan.]. Ob. Ædgarus Rex Scottorum"). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 3 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34, 45-49. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999): 196. Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003). Oram David I: The King Who Made Scotland (2004). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
v. ALEXANDER I, King of Scots, younger son, born about 1077. He married SIBYL OF ENGLAND [see ENGLAND 2.viii], illegitimate daughter of Henry I, King of England, by an unknown mistress [see ENGLAND 2 for her ancestry]. They had no issue. By an unknown mistress, he had an illegitimate son, Malcolm. He became King of Scotland in 1107 on the death of his elder brother, Edgar, King of Scots. He and his wife, Sibyl, founded the monastery of Scone in Perthshire in 1113-14. He was also a benefactor to Durham and Dunfermline. He invaded Wales in summer 1114, in cooperation with King Henry I of England. His wife, Sibyl, died suddenly at Loch Tay 12 July 1122. ALEXANDER I, King of Scots, died at Stirling 23 April 1124, and was buried before the great altar at Dunfermline, Fife near his father. Rud Coclicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "VII. Kal. Mali [25 April]. Ob. Alexander Rex Scottorum et Soror ejus Matildis Regina Anglorum."), 216 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "VI. Id. Jul. [10 July] Ob. Sibilla Regina Scottorum."). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXIX). Turnbull Extracta E Variis Cronicis Scocie (1842): 68 (Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie sub A.D. 1122: "Sibilla, illustris regine Scocie, uxor regis Alexandri, filia Henrici Beuclerk regis Angie, apud Lochtay cellam canonicorum de Scona obiit anno Domini Moc.xxij"). Thorpe Florentii Wigorniensis monachi Chronicon ex chronicis 2 (1849): 78 (sub A.D. 1123: "Alexander rex Scottorum, VII. kal. Maii [25 April], obiit."). Liber Ecclesie de Scone (1863): 1-3 (charter dated c.1120 of Alexander I, King of Scots, and his wife, Queen Sibyl, "daughter of Henry, King of England" [filia Henrici Regis Anglia]; charter witnessed by his "nephew" [nepos], Alexander, and by William, "brother of the queen" [frater regine]). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 3 (sub Kings of Scotland). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 28-30 (charter of Alexander I, King of Scots, dated c.1120), 262. Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34, 50-57. CP. 11(1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Schwennicke Europaische Stammtafeln 3(2) (1983): 354 (illegitimate children of King Henry I of England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XII.655, XIII.205. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003): 1541-56. Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Oram David I: The King Who Made Scotland (2004). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.). Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart).
vi. DAVID I, King of Scots [see next].
vii. MAUD OF SCOTLAND, married HENRY I, King of England, Duke of Normandy [see ENGLAND 2].
viii. MARY OF SCOTLAND, married EUSTACE III, Count of Boulogne and Lens (see BOULOGNE 2].”
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
