Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“GILBERT DE CLARE, Knt., 4th Earl of Hertford, Lord of Harfleur and Mostrevilliers in Normandy, 1202, son and heir, born about 1180. In 1211 he held 6-1/2 knights fees in Kent of his mother's maritagium. He and his father joined the confederacy of the barons against the king in 1215. He was as one of the twenty-five barons elected to guarantee the observance of Magna Carta, which King John signed 15 June 1215. In consequence he and his father were excommunicated by Pope Innocent III 16 Dec. 1215, but at this time, he was a party to the negotiations for peace. He had a safe-conduct from the king 9 Nov. 1215, which was repeated 27 March 1216, after the fall of Colchester. He fought on the side of Louis of France at the Battle of Lincoln 19 May 1217, and was taken prisoner by William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke. He was afterwards released, and his lands restored. He married 9 October 1217 ISABEL MARSHAL, 2nd daughter of William Marshal, Knt., 4th Earl of Pembroke (or Strigoil), hereditary Master Marshal, by Isabel, daughter of Richard Fitz Gilbert (nicknamed Strongbow), 2nd Earl of Pembroke (or Strigoil) [see MARSHAL 3 for her ancestry]. She was born at Pembroke Castle 9 October 1200. They had three sons, Richard, Knt. [Earl of Gloucester and Hertford], William, Knt., and Gilbert, and three daughters, Amice, Agnes, and Isabel. He was recognized as Earl of Gloucester (in his mother's lifetime) in November 1217. In 1217 he gave the manor of Hambleden, Buckinghamshire to Milicent de Cantelowe for life in settlement of her other claims in dower on the estates of her former husband, Amaury, Count of Evreux (Gilbert's 1st cousin). In 1218 Hugh de Vivonne was ordered to give up the Forest of Keynsham to him. In July 1222 he was forbidden to attack the castle of Dinas Powys in Glamorgan. From this time forward he frequently attests royal grants. In 1223 he joined his brother-in-law, the Earl Marshal, in an expedition into Wales. Probably about 1223 he confirmed the grant of Hamo de Blean (alias Crevequer) to the Priory of St. Gregory, Clerkenwell. In 1224 the king ordered his bailiffs of Bristol to cause Earl Gilbert to have five tuns of the 40 tuns of wine that he lately took to the king's use in the vill of Bristol at the same market price. He was present in 1225 at the confirmation of Magna Carta by King Henry III. In 1227 he sued William de Similly for the manor of Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire, which he claimed as his right. In 1227 he served as witness to the king's charter permitting the removal of the cathedral from Old to New Salisbury and confirming the same rights to the new city as Winchester enjoyed. The same year he supported Richard, Earl of Cornwall, against the king, with regard to the forest laws and the misgovernment of Hubert de Burgh. The king soon gave way to the barons' threats, and meeting them at Northampton in August, promised them satisfaction of their demands. In Sept. 1227 he was one of the nobles accredited to meet the princes of the Empire at Antwerp. He led an army against the Welsh in 1228 and captured Morgan Gam, who was released the following year. In Feb. 1228 he had a gift of 40 rafters in the wood of Auvour to house himself at Cranborne, Dorset. In 1228 he again led an army against the Welsh and discovered iron, lead, and silver mines in Wales. In Feb. 1230 he and William Earl Marshal were ordered to yield up to the Archdeacon of Llandaff all the possessions of the bishopric which they had taken on the bishop's death. Early in 1230 he crossed over into Brittany with the king, where he served as a commander in the royal army. SIR GILBERT DE CLARE, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, died at Penros in that duchy 25 October 1230, and was buried 11 November 1230 before the high altar at Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucestershire. His funeral was conducted with great state. He left two wills, one dated 30 April 1230, the other 23 October 1230, proved before Michaelmas, 1233. By the terms of his will, he left a gilt silver cross to Tewkesbury Abbey, as well as the wood of Mythe by Severn side during the minority of his son. His widow, Isabel, married (2nd) 30 March 1231 (as his 1st wife) RICHARD OF ENGLAND, Earl of Cornwall, Count of Poitou [see CORNWALL 6], Lieutenant of Guienne, 1226-7, Keeper of Castle and Honour of Wallingford, 1230-1, Lord of the Manor, Castle, and Honour of Knaresborough, 1235, Lord of the Manor and Castle of Lideford, 1239, Commander-in-Chief of the Crusaders, 1240-1, Privy Councillor, 1253, Joint Guardian of England, 1253-4, younger son of John, King of England, by his 2nd wife, Isabel, daughter of Ademar, Count of Angoulême [see ENGLAND 5 for his ancestry]. They had three sons, John, Henry, Knt., and Nicholas, and one daughter, Isabel. He was granted the borough of Wilton, Wiltshire by his brother, King Henry III, on the occasion of his marriage. In 1232-3 he fought in Wales against Llywelyn ap Iorwerth. In 1237 he openly rebuked his brother the king for his greed and maladmininistration. He was on an embassy to Emperor Frederick in 1237. By March 1233 he had driven Llywelyn back and strongly fortified Radnor Castle. His wife, Isabel, died testate at Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire in childbed of jaundice 17 Jan. 1239/40. Her body was buried at Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire, her bowels went to Missenden, and her heart was sent to Tewkesbury Abbey for burial in her 1st husband's grave. In 1240 he left for the Holy Land on crusade, in the company of a large number of English knights and nobles. In 1241 negotiated a treaty with the sultan of Krak, by which many French captives were restored to liberty. He fought in Poitou in 1242-3. Richard married (2nd) at Westminster Abbey 23 Nov. 1243 SANCHE (or SANCHIA) OF PROVENCE, daughter and co-heiress of Raymond Berenger V, Count and Marquis of Provence, Count of Forcalquier, by Beatrice, daughter of Thomas (or Tommaso) I, Count of Savoy, Marquis in Italy. She was the sister of Eleanor of Provence, wife of his brother, King Henry III of England. She was born about 1225 at Aix-en-Provence. They had two sons, one unnamed and Edmund, Knt. [Earl of Cornwall]. In December 1243 the king demanded a written renunciation of any rights that Richard might possess in Ireland or Gascony, together with an explicit disclaimer of the award that had been made at Saintes. In return, Richard was confirmed in possession of Cornwall and of the honours of Wallingford and Eye. He was granted the honour of Bradninch, Devon in 1244. In 1246, together with King Henry III, he sought unsuccessfully to appose the efforts of Charles of Anjou, husband of Sanche's younger sister, Beatrice, to claim the entire dominion of Count Raymond Berengar V of Provence. He served as principal governor of the mint between 1247 and 1258, an office from which he derived considerable profit. He was Joint Plenipotentiary to France and Ambassador to Pope Innocent IV in 1250. He was elected King of the Romans (also styled King of Almain) 13 Jan. 1256/7, and was crowned at Aachen 17 May 1257. He failed to establish his authority in Germany, however, was soon dispossessed, and returned to England in Jan. 1259. In April 1261 he was elected senator of Rome for life, a purely honorary title which he made no attempt to exercise in person, and in which he was subsequently supplanted by Charles of Anjou. His wife, Sanche, died at Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire 9 Nov. 1261. In1263 he secured a temporary truce after war had broken out between his brother the king and the English barons. In 1264, when conflict became inevitable, he supported his brother. He was taken prisoner with his brother at the Battle of Lewes 14 May 1264. After the Battle of Evesham 4 August 1265, he was released and his lands restored. He married (3rd) at Kaiserslautern, Germany 16 June 1269 BEATRICE DE FALKENBURG (or FAUQUEMONT), daughter of Dietrich II de Falkenburg, seigneur of Montjoye, by Berta, daughter of Walram of Limburg, seigneur of Montjoye. They had no issue. By an unknown mistress (or mistresses), he had several illegitimate children, including Philip (clerk), Richard, Knt., and Walter, Knt. He purchased the honour of Trematon, Cornwall in 1270. RICHARD, King of the Romans, Earl of Cornwall, died testate at Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire 2 (or 3) April 1272, and was buried with his 2nd wife, Sanche, at Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire, his heart being interred in the choir of the Franciscan church at Oxford. His widow, Beatrice, died testate 17 October 1277, and was buried before the high altar a the Friars Minors, Oxford.
Sandford Gen. Hist. of the Kings of England (1677): 95-100. Rymer Fædera 1 (1816): 484 ("Richard de Romeyns" [i.e., Richard, King of the Romans] styled "uncle" by King Edward I of England). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 59-65; 6(3) (1830): 1658-1659 (charter of Amice, Countess of Clare, daughter of William Earl of Gloucester). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 315-321. Clutterbuck Hist. & Antiqs. of Hertford 3 (1827): 225-226 (Clare ped.). Thomson Hist. Essay on the Magna Charta of King John (1829): 270-272 (biog. of Richard de Clare). Coll. Top. et Gen. 8 (1843): 120-122 (two charters of Richard, King of the Romans). Lipscomb Hist. & Antiqs. of Buckingham 1 (1847): 200-201 (Clare ped.). Shirley Royal & Other Hist. Letters Ill. of King Henry III 2 (Rolls Sem:: 27) (1866): 101-102 & 106-107 (letters of Richard, Earl of Cornwall), 132-133 (Richard, King of the Romans, styled "brother" [fratri] by King Henry III of England), 174-175, 193-194 & 197-198 (letters of Richard, King of the Romans). Luard Annales Monastici 4 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1869): 72 (Annals of Oseney sub A.D. 1231 - "Eodem anno venit Willelmus Marescallus de Britannia, et dedit sororem suam comitissam Gloucestriæ Ricardo comiti Cornubiæ, fratri regis, in conjugium"), 223-224 (Annals of Oseney sub A.D. 1269 - "Eodem anno et eodern tempore idem Ricardus rex Alemanniæ, quinto idus Junii [9 June], duxit in uxorem quandam nobilem puellam et decoram valde, nomine Beatricem de Falkestan, quæ propter ejus pulchritudinem vocabatur gemma mulierum"), 248 (Annals of Oseney sub A.D. 1272 - "Eodem anno quarto nonas Aprilis [2 April] apud castrum de Berkamestede obiit Ricardus rex Alemanniæ, et sepultus est in abbatia de Hailes, quam a fundamentis sumptibus suis construxerat."). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 26 (1870): 149-160. Matthew of Paris Chronica Majora 2 (Rolls Ser. 57) (1874): 604-605, 642-644. Maclean Hist. of Trigg Minor 1 (1876): 189-190 (obit at Grey Friars, Bodmin, Cornwall: "Richardus Rex Almaniæ obiit 3 die Aprilis"). Arch. Jour. 34 (1877): 180-186 (charter of Richard, Earl of Poitou and Cornwall dated 1256) ("He [Richard] was for a time heir to the throne, and always exercised great influence in the affairs of the kingdom ... He was a far wiser man than his brother, who seems to have consulted him on many occasions, although they were often at variance. Wallingford ... was his chief seat, where he lived with great splendour ... The seal [on the charter] is imperfect, but what remains is well cut and clear ... On the upper side ... is a knight on horseback galloping to the proper left. He wears a loose plaited surcoat, girdled at the waist, and with the skirt freely flowing backwards, shewing the right leg from the knee in armour, apparently mail, with a prick-spur. The right arm, in mail, is extended backwards, and holds upright a long straight sword. Above the upper edge of the surcoat is seen the throat, closely fitted with mail, and on the head a flat-topped helmet. The left arm is covered with a heater shield, with conceals the breast and bears a lion rampant, with probably a border. The saddle is raised below and behind, and the two girths cross salute fashion under the horse's belly. Over the knight's right shoulder is a narrow embossed belt, for sword or dagger. The horse is cut with great freedom, and does not appear to be in armour. The legend is: `SIGIL[LUM RICARDI COMITIS CORNU]BIE.’ Upon the obverse is large, bold heater shield, about two inches high, bearing a lion rampant within a plain border, charged with fourteen roundels. Round and behind the shield is scroll work of an early English character. The legend, in place of the usual cross, commences with a crescent SIG[ILLVM] RICARDI COMITIS [CORN]UBIE.' It is remarkable that Richard did not bear the arms of England, but those of Poictou. 'Argent, a lion rampant gules, crowned or,' which he placed within 'a border sable, bezantee,' derived from the old Earls of Cornwall, and thus, as was not unsual, represented both his earldoms on his shield."). Table chronologique des Chartes et Diplômes imprimis concernant Belgique 5 (1877): 385-386 (Baudouin d'Avesnes [seigneur of Beaumont] styled "cher cousin et vassal" by Richard, King of the Romans in 1267). Genealogist 3 (1879): 225-230; n.s. 13 (1896): 98. Antiq. 2 (1880): 273; 21(1890): 232. Clark Earls, Earldom, & Castle of Pembroke (1880): 69-75. Stubbs Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury 2 (Rolls Ser. 73) (1880): 110-111. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92. Doyle Official Baronage of England 1 (1886): 436-437 (sub Cornwall); 2 (1886): 13 (sub Gloucester), 177 (sub Hertford). Hart & Lyons Cartularium Monasterii do Rameseia 2 (Rolls Ser. 79) (1886): 330-331 (charter of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, to Ramsey Abbey). Clark Survey of the Antiqs. of Word 1 (1889): 366; 2 (1890): 295-297, 299, 303, 383-384, 407-408, 415, 417, 434. Hingeston-Randolph Regs. of Walter Bronescombe & Peter Quivil (1889): 178, 200 (charters of Richard, Earl of Cornwall and Poitou). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 2 (1892): 268 (seal of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, dated 1218 - Obverse: To the right. In armour: hauberk of mail, surcoat, shield of arms. Horse caparisoned. Arms: three chevrons [CLARE]. Legend wanting. Reverse - a smaller counterseal. A shield of arms as above. Legend: * SIGILL' GILEBERTI DE CLARA), 338 (seal of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, Count of Poitou dated before 1257 - To the right. In armour: hauberk of mail, coif, flat-topped helmet with vizor down, sword, shield of arms slung by the strap round the neck. Horse galloping with ornamental breast-band, crossed girths, and embroidered saddle. For the arms see the reverse. Legend: SIG[ILLVM RICARDI : COMITIS : PICTAVIE :; Reverse. On a background of foliage forming a tree of three branches elegantly designed with fruit in clusters, a shield of arms: a lion rampant crowned, POITOU, within a bordure bezantée, ANCIENT DUCHY OF CORNWALL. Legend: SIGILLVM : RICARDI : COMITIS : CORNVBIE.), 338 (another seal of Earl Richard dated 1227 - Obverse. To the right. In armour: hauberk of mail, surcoat of arms, flat-topped helmet, sword, convex shield of arms. Horse galloping, caparisoned. Arms as in reverse. Legend: SIGILL'M RICARDI FI…; Reverse. A shield of arms: a lion rampant, crowned, within a bordure charged with nine roundels. The art of this seal is apparently French, and it is of poor workmanship. Legend: TAVIENSIS.). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 474 (Ex Obituariis Lirensis Monasterii: "25 October. [Obiit] Gilebertus de Clare, comes."). Fry & Fry Abs. of Feet of Fines Rel. Dorset 1 (Dorset Rec. Soc. 5) (1896): 26. Browne Corporation Chrons. (1904): 95 (charter of Richard, Earl of Cornwall). Clark English Reg. of Godstow Nunnery 1 (1905): 264-265 (charters of Richard, King of the Romans), 281 (charter of Richard, Earl of Cornwall). Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 133-134, 146. Auvray Registres de Grégoire IX 2 (1907): 977 (Roger, clerk, styled "nephew" [nepoti] of [Henry III] King of England and R[ichard], Earl of Cornwall in 1238); 3 (1908): 132 (papal dispensation dated 1239: "Rogero, clerico, nepoti regis Angliae et Riccardi, comitis Cornubiae, - cum quo olim ipse papa, intuitu devotionis quam praedictus comes Cornubiae, ejus patruus, ..."). D.N.B. 4 (1908): 378 (biog. of Gilbert de Clare); 16 (1909): 1051-1061 (biog. of Richard, Earl of Cornwall and King of the Romans) ("... Richard was the only Englishman who attempted to rule the holy Roman empire... He was at all times bountiful to the church. “John, Bishop of Lübeck, a contemporary of Richard's, described him as "orthodox, prudent, strenuous, wealthy, well connected, energetic, and moderate."). C.Ch.R. 3 (1908): 489-491 (various charters of Richard, Earl of Cornwall). VCH Buckingham 2 (1908): 260-267, 348; 3 (1925): 47, 70-71; 4 (1927): 396. Clark Carta et Alia Munimenta de Glamorgancia 2 (1910): 359 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford dated c.1218), 359-360 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford dated 1218-29. Seal, dark wax, 2 7/8in. diam. The Earl, with a hauberk of mail, surcoat, flat-topped helmet, vizor closed, right arm extended, sword uplifted, shield covering his breast, slung with strap round his neck; on a horse galloping to the proper left; caparisons charged with the chevrons of Clare. Counterseal, 1-1/8in. diam. Heater-shaped shield, with three chevrons as above), 360 (letter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford dated 1218-30. Seal, dark green, fine but imperfect, 3 in. diam. Device, the earl in armour, riding to the proper left; on his shield three chevrons. Reverse, a heater-shaped shield of arms: three chevrons). VCH Hertford 3 (1912): 232-240. C.P. 3 (1913): 244, 430-432 (sub Cornwall); 5 (1926): 694-696 (sub Gloucester); 6 (1926): 503 (sub Hertford); 10 (1945): 364, footnote a. Davis Rotuli Hugonis de Welles Episcopi Lincolniensis 1209-12353 (Lincoln Rec. Soc. 9) (1914): 10, 11, 14, 54. Lambert Bletchingley 1 (1921): 59-63. Moor Knights of Edward 12 (H.S.P. 81) (1929): 238 (Richard, Earl of Cornwall: "...'a man of much more enterprise than his brother,' and accounted in his time the peace-maker of Europe... One of the most interesting personages noted in the pages of English history."). Antiqs. Jour. 18 (1938): 142-145 ("A Portrait of Beatrix of Falkenburg"). Leys Sandford Cartulary 1 (Oxfordshire Rec. Soc. 19) (1938): 156 (confirmation charter of Richard, Count of Poitou and Cornwall dated c.1233 1). Jenkins Cal. of the Rolls of the Justices on Eyre 1227 (Buckinghamshire Arch. Soc. 6) (1945): 1, 32, Denholm-Young Richard of Cornwall (1947). Hatton Book of Seals (1950): 306-307 (charter of Richard, King of the Romans dated 1262). Woodcock Cartulary of the Priory of St. Gregory, Canterbury (Camden 3rd Ser. 88) (1956): 68-69 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford). Paget Baronage of England (1957) 130: 6-7. Sanders English Baronies (1960): 9-10, 14, 20-21, 34-35, 60, 62-64, 90-91, 93. Curia Regis Rolls 14 (1961): 61, 124, 433-435, 506-507, 520; 15 (1972): 50, 102-103, 343. Hull Cartulary of St. Michael's Mount (Devon & Cornwall Rec. Soc. n.s. 5) (1962): 32 (charter of Richard, King of the Romans dated 1265). Ross Cartulary of Cirencester Abbey 2 (1964): 563-564. Tremlett Rolls of Arms Henry III (H.S.P. 113-4) (1967): 64 (arms of Gilbert de Clare: Or, three chevrons gules). Cheney Letters of Pope Innocent III 1198-1216 (1967): 172. Ancient Deeds - Ser. B 2 (List & Index Soc. 101) (1974): B.8659. Hockey Beaulieu Cartulary (Southampton Recs. Ser. 17) (1974): 202 (charter of Richard, Count of Poitou, Earl of Cornwall dated 1240-2; charter granted for the soul of his late wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester), 217-218. London Cartulary of Bradenstoke Priory (Wiltshire Rec. Soc. 35) (1979): 195 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford dated 1217-30). Gervers Hospitaller Cartulary in the British Museum (1981): 303 (charter of Gilbert de Clare). Gervers Cartulary of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem in England, Secunda Camera, Essex (Recs. of Social and Econ. Hist. n.s. 6) (1982): 547-548 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hertford & Gloucester). Merrick Morganiae Archaiographia (South Wales Rec. Soc. 1) (1983): 41-52. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare). Leese Blood Royal (1996): 61-65. Gee Women, Art & Patronage from Henry III to Edward III: 1216-1377 (2002): 156. Stevenson Durford Cartulary (Sussex Rec. Soc. 90) (2006): 81 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford dated c.Nov. 1217 names his "kinsman" [i.e., 1st cousin], Amaury [de Montfort], Earl of Gloucester), 91-92 (charter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester & Hertford dated c.Nov. 1217).
Children of Gilbert de Clare, Knt., by Isabel Marshal:
i. AMICE DE CLARE, eldest daughter, born 27 May 1220. She married (1st) after 29 October 1226 (date of grant of his marriage) BALDWIN DE RIVERS (or REVIERS), Knt., 6th Earl of Devon, Lord of the Isle of Wight, son and heir of Baldwin de Rivers, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Warin Fitz Gerold, King's Chamberlain. They had one son, Baldwin, Knt. [7th Earl of Devon], and two daughters, Isabel [Countess of Aumale and Devon] and Margaret (nun at Lacock). He was knighted by the king, and invested with the Earldom of Devon 25 Dec. 1239 at Winchester. He accompanied Richard, Earl of Cornwall, to the Holy Land in June 1240. He was with the King in Gascony in 1242. SIR BALDWIN DE RIVERS, 6th Earl of Devon, died 15 Feb. 1244/5, and was buried at Breamore Priory, Hampshire. Sometime in the period, 1245-58, his widow, Amice, gave to Breamore Priory, Hampshire all her land of Hordle, Hampshire and her rights therein, which she bought of Ralph Bardulf. She had permission 10 Jan. 1247/8 to marry (2nd) ROBERT DE GUINES, younger son of Arnold II, Count of Guines, if she consented. There is no evidence this marriage ever took place. In 1253 she took two beasts in New Forest, Hampshire, when returning from the court of the queen. In 1255 she went on a pilgrimage to St. Edmund's at Pontigny [Yonne]. In 1257 she was charged with enclosing a six acre tract at Langel' with a hedge without warrant, which hedge was ordered to be thrown down. In 1258 she was again going beyond seas. In 1276-7 John le Boteler arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against her and others touching a tenement in Stanton-Drew, SomerSer. In 1278 she founded Buckland Abbey, Devon. Amice, Countess of Devon, Lady of the Isle (otherwise styled Countess of Wight), died shortly before 21 Jan. 1283/4, and was buried at Buckland, Devon. Baker Hist. & Antiqs. of Northampton 1 (1822-30): 619-620 (Rivers ped.). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanism 5 (1825): 712-713 (charter of Amice, Countess of Devon, Lady of the Isle), 714 (charter of Amice, Countess of Devon, Lady of the Isle). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 11 (1855): 213-227; 26 (1870): 149-160. Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 6 (1877): 293-294. Contributions to a Hist. of the Cistercian Houses of Devon (1878): 25-33 (charters of Amice, Countess of Devon, Lady of the Isle). Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92. Annual Rpt. of the Deputy Keeper 46 (1886): 286. Doyle Official Baronage of England 1 (1886): 573 (sub Devon). Desc. Ca4 Ancient Deeds 1 (1890): 270; 2 (1894): 432. Benolte et al. Vis. of Surrey 1530, 1572 & 1623 (H.S.P. 43) (1899): 66-68 (Lisle ped.: "Baldwin 3 Erie of Devon = Amicia Clare."). MSS of the Duke of Rutland 4 (Hist. MSS Comm. 24) (1905): 57-58 (charter of Amice de Rivers, Countess of Devon, Lady of the Isle). Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 37 (1905): 426; 39 (1907): 219. Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 535. C.P.R. 1247-1258 (1908): 408,630. C.P. 4 (1916): 318-319 (sub Devon); 5 (1926): 695, footnote m (sub Gloucester). Cam Hundred & Hundred Rolls (1930): 263-264. Jenkinson & Fermoy Select Cases in the Exchequer of Pleas (Selden Soc. 48) (1932): 58-60. Paget Baronage of England (1957) 466: 1-7 (sub Redvers). VCH Oxford 6 (1959): 196-205; 11 (1983): 21-44, 143-159, 259-295. Ancient Deeds - Ser. B2 (List & Index Soc. 101) (1974): B.5540. Ellis Cat. Seals in the P.R.O. 1 (1978): 54 (seal of Amice de Rivers, Countess of Devon dated 1274 - Hung from a three-branched tree, a shield of arms: a lion rampant with forked tail [RIVERS]. Legend: [S]AMICIE COMITISSE DEVON.). Rogers Lacock Abbey Charters (Wiltshire Rec. Soc. 34) (1979): 109-111 (charter of Amice, Countess of Devon dated 1245-65). Stagg Cal. New Forest Docs. 1244-1334 (Hampshire Rec. Ser. 3) (1979); 71, 74-75. VCH Wiltshire 12 (1983): 86-105, 105-119; 16 (1999): 50-69, 149-165, 164-181. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare). Hicks Who's Who in Late Medieval England (1991): 11-13 (biog. of Isabella Forz). Hobbs Cartulary of Forde Abbey (Somerset Rec. Soc. 85) (1998): 99 (charter of Amice). Gee Women, Art & Patronage from Henry III to Edward III: 1216-1377 (2002): 13, 15-16, 20, 27, 31, 35, 36, 78, 128, 130, 140-141. Hanna Christchurch Priory Cartulary (Hampshire Rec. Ser. 18) (2007): 21-22. Dryburgh Cal. of Fine Rolls of the Reign of Henry 1112 (2008): 113.
Children of Amice de Clare, by Baldwin de Rivers, Knt.:
a. BALDWIN DE RIVERS (otherwise known as BALDWIN DE LISLE), Knt., 7th Earl of Devon, son and heir, born 1 Jan. 1235/6. He married in 1257 MARGARET OF SAVOY, daughter of Thomas of Savoy, sometime Count of Flanders and Hainault, by his 2nd wife, Beatrice, daughter of Tedisio di Fiesco. She was a cousin to Queen Eleanor of Provence, wife of King Henry III of England. They had one son, John (died young). The king took his homage and he had livery of his father's lands and the rest of his inheritance 29 Jan. 1256/7. He accompanied the king to France in July 1262. SIR BALDWIN DE RIVERS, 7th Earl of Devon, died in France shortly before 13 Sept. 1262, and was buried at Breamore Priory, Hampshire. His widow, Margaret, married (2nd) in 1269 (as his 2nd wife) ROBERT D'AGUILLON, Knt., of Addington, Surrey, Stapleford and Watton at Stone, Hertfordshire, Bures, Suffolk, Fulking and Perching (in Fulking), Sussex, etc., Custodian of Arundel Castle, son and heir of William d'Aguillon, of Perching, Sussex, by Joan, daughter of Peter son of Henry Fitz Ailwin. They had no issue. In 1270 he was granted license to fortify his house at Addington, Surrey. In 1278 he claimed view of frankpledge in his manor of Stapleford, Hertfordshire. SIR ROBERT D'AGUILLON died 15 Feb. 1285/6. His widow, Margaret, Countess of Devon, died shortly before 14 May 1292. Baker Hist. & Antiqs. of Northampton 1 (1822-30): 619-620 (Rivers ped.). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 5 (1825): 714. Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 11 (1855): 213-227. Notes & Queries 5th Ser. 10 (1878): 390-391. Rowe Contributions to a Hist. of the Cistercian Houses of Devon (1878): 25-33. Doyle Official Baronage of England 1 (1886): 573 (sub Devon). Annual Rpt. of the Deputy Keeper 50 (1889): 181. Benolte et al. Vis. of Surrey 1530, 1572 & 1623 (H.S.P. 43) (1899): 66-68 (Lisle ped.: "Baldwin the last Erie of Devon."). Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 37 (1905): 426. Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 535. C.P. 4 (1916): 319-322 (sub Devon). VCH Essex 4 (1956): 262-269. Paget Baronage of England (1957) 466: 1-7 (sub Redvers). VCH Oxford 5 (1957): 234-249; 6 (1959): 196-205; 11(1983): 143-159. Ellis Cat. Seals in the P.R.D. 1 (1978): 54 (seal of Baldwin de Rivers, earl of Devon dated 1262 - A shield of arms: a lion rampant [RIVERS]. Legend: +S'BAL[D]EWINI:DE:IN[S]VLA.). Ancient Deeds - Ser. AS & WS (List & Index Soc. 158) (1979): 13 (Deed A.S.67). VCH Wiltshire 12 (1983): 86-105, 105-119; 16 (1999): 50-69, 149-165, 164-181. Gee Women, Art & Patronage from Henry III to Edward III:1216-1377 (2002): 8, 15, 20, 35. Hanna Christchurch Priory Cartulary (Hampshire Rec. Ser. 18) (2007): 22-23, 322-323, 339-342. Online resource: http://www.briantimms.net/rolls_of_arms/rolls/gloversB1.htm (Glover's Roll dated c.1252 - arms of Baldwin de Reviers, Earl of Devon: Or a lion rampant azure).
b. ISABEL DE RIVERS, elder daughter, born in July 1237 (aged 54 in 1292). She married (as his 2nd wife) in 1248-9 (date of fine) WILLIAM DE FORZ, Knt., titular Count of Aumale, Lord of Holdemess, Sheriff of Cumberland, 1255-60, Keeper of Carlisle Castle, Privy Councillor, son and heir of William de Forz, Knt., titular Count of Aumale, Lord of Holdemess, Magna Carta baron, 1215, by Aveline, daughter of Richard Montfitchet, of Stanstead, Essex. They had three sons, John, Thomas [titular Count of Aumalel, and William, and five daughters, Avice, Joan, Sibyl, Mabel, and Aveline. He married (1st) before 1241 CHRISTIAN OF GALLOWAY, daughter of Alan Fitz Roland, Lord of Galloway, by his 2nd wife, Margaret, daughter of David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon [see BALLIOL 5 for her ancestry]. In 1255 he was appointed joint ambassador to Scotland. In 1259 he was appointed joint special deputy to ratify the peace with France. SIR WILLIAM DE FORZ, Count of Aumale, died at Amiens 23 May 1260, and was buried in Thornton Abbey. His widow, Isabel, was heiress in 1262 to her brother, Baldwin de Rivers, 7th Earl of Devon. She had livery of her brother's lands 17 August 1263, after which she styled herself Countess of Aumale and Devon, Lady of the Isle. She presented to the church of Naseby, Northamptonshire in 1262 and 1286. In 1281 Philip son of Simon le Chaumpyon arraigned an assize of mort d'ancestor against her regarding two parts of a messuage and land in Multon, Northamptonshire. In Nov. 1293 she sold the king the Isle of Wight for 6,000 marks. ISABEL, Countess of Aumale and Devon, Lady of the Isle, died testate at Stockwell, Surrey 10 Nov. 1293, and was buried in Breamore Priory, Hampshire. Mastin Hist. & Antiqs. of Nase (1792): 64-65, 94. Baker Hist. & Antiqs. of Northampton 1 (1822-30): 619-620 (Rivers ped.), 672-673 (Aumale ped). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 5 (1825): 712-713, 713-714 (charter of Isabel de Forz, Countess of Aumale & Devon, Lady of the Isle), 714. Cooper Account of the Most Important Public Recs. of Great Britain 2 (1832): 476-480. Palgrave Antient Kalendars & Inventories of the Treasury of His Majesty's Exchequer 1(1836): 42, 45, 55, 63. Coll. et Gen. 6 (1840): 261-265. Extracta e Variis Cronicis Scocie (1842): 94-95. Arch. Aeliana 2 (1852): 384-386 (Forz ped.). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 11 (1855): 213-227. Jones Hist. & Antiq. of Harewood (1859). Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 6 (1877): 293-294. Rowe Contributions to a Hist. of the Cistercian Houses of Devon (1878): 25-33 (confirmation charter of Isabel de Forz, Countess of Aumale & Devon dated 1291). Annual Rpt. of the Deputy Keeper 44 (1883): 56; 45 (1885): 77, 148, 205-206, 325; 46 (1886): 130, 216, 279; 47 (1886): 140, 144, 163, 179; 48 (1887): 153; 49 (1888): 15, 93; 50 (1889): 30, 160, 181. Doyle Official Baronage of England 1 (1886): 27 (sub Albemarle), 574 (sub Devon). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 2 (1892): 296 (seal of William de Forz, Count of Aumale dated 1251 - Obverse. To the right. In armour: hauberk and coif of mail, flat-topped helmet with vizor closed, [sword], shield of arms suspended by an embroidered strap round his neck. Horse galloping with ornamental breast-band. Arms as in reverse. Legend: * SIGILLVM WILLELMI DE FORTIBVS COM[MI]TIS ALBEMARLIE. Reverse: a shield of arms: a cross formée vairée [FORZ]; suspended by a strap on an ornamental tree of conventional and elegant design, between two wavy branches of foliage. Legend: * SIGILLVM WILLELMI DE FORTiBVS COMITIS ALBEMARLIE. Beaded borders.), 822 (seal of Isabel de Fora, Countess of Aumale and Devon dated 1276 - A shield of arms: a cross patonce, vair, AUMALE. Between three lions rampant, in allusion to the armorial charge of REDVERS. Legend: [S]ECRET' : ISABELLE : DE FORTIB' : COMITIISSE : DIEVONIE : ET : INSU… Beaded borders. The art of this seal is very fine.), (another seal of Isabel de Forz dated 1259-62 - Pointed oval: a shield of arms: illegible. Suspended from a tree and between two wavy scrolls of foliage. Legend: …FORTIB ; COMMSSE ALB…) Genealogist n.s. 8 (1892): 153. List of Sheriffs for England & Wales (PRO Lists and Indexes 9) (1898): 26. Benolte et al. Vis. of SurrEy 1530, 1572 & 1623 (H.S.P. 43) (1899): 66-68 (Lisle ped.: "Willm. de fortibus Comes Albemarle. = Issabella Comitissa Devon."). Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 37 (1905): 426; 39 (1907): 219. Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 535. C.P. 1 (1910): 353-356 (sub Aumale); 4 (1916): 322-323 (sub Devon). VCH Yorkshire N.E. 2 (1923): 492-497. VCH Berkshire 4 (1924): 168-174. VCH Northampton 3 (1930): 196-203 (Forz arms: Gules a cross paty vair); 4 (1937): 69-73. Early Yorkshire Charters 7 (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Extra Ser. 5) (1947): 1-30. Tremlett Stogursey Charters (Somerset Rec. Soc. 61) (1949): xxiv (Curci ped.). VCH Essex 4 (1956): 262-269. Paget Baronage of England (1957) 466: 1-7 (sub Redvers). VCH Oxford 5 (1957): 234-249; 6 (1959): 134-146, 196-205; 8 (1964): 80-91; 11 (1983): 21-44, 143-159, 194-208, 259-295. VCH Somerset 3 (1973): 235-249. Ancient Deeds - Ser. B 3 (List & Index Soc. 113) (1975): B.11728. Ancient Deeds - Ser. BB (List & Index Soc. 137) (1977): 21-22, 76, 95-96. Rogers Lacock Abbey Charters (Wiltshire Rec. Soc. 34) (1979): 111-112 (charter of Isabel de Forx, Countess of Aumale and Devon dated c.1265). VCH Wiltshire 12 (1983): 86-105, 105-119; 16 (1999): 50-69, 149-165, 164-181. Hockey Charters of Quarr Abbey (1991). Mitchell Portraits of Medieval Women (2003). Gee Women, Art & Patronage from Henry III to Edward III: 1216-1377 (2002): 15, 16, 20, 35, 61, 78, 156-157. VCH Yorkshire E.R. 7 (2002): 213-223, 273-295, 340-349. Hanna Christchurch Priory Cartulary (Hampshire Rec. Ser. 18) (2007): 24-29, 56, 73, 92-93, 519-520. Legg Lost Cartulary of Bolton Priory (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Rec. Ser. 160) (2009): 82-84, 86, 88, 236-239.
Children of Isabel de Rivers, by William de Forz:
1) THOMAS DE FORZ, titular Count of Aumale, son and heir by his father's 2nd marriage, born 9 Sept. 1253. He died without issue before 6 April 1269, and was buried in the Church of the Black Friars, Stamford, Lincolnshire. Coll Top. et Gen. 6 (1840): 261-265. Arch. Aeliana 2 (1852): 384-386 (Forz ped.). Doyle Official Baronage of England 1 (1886): 27 (sub Albemarle). Benolte et al. Vis. of Surrey 1530, 1572 & 1623 (H.S.P. 43) (1899): 66-68 (Lisle ped.: "Thomas ob. a child."). C.P. 1 (1910): 356 (sub Aumale); 4 (1916): 322-323 (sub Devon). VCH Yorkshire N.E. 2 (1923): 492-497. Early Yorkshire Charters 7 (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Extra Ser. 5) (1947): 1-30. Paget Baronage of England (1957) 466: 1-7 (sub Redvers). Legg Lost Cartulary of Bolton Priory (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Rec. Ser. 160) (2009): 82-84, 86.
2) AVELINE DE FORZ, occasionally styled Countess of Aumale, married EDMUND OF ENGLAND, Earl of Lancaster, Leicester, and Derby [see LANCASTER 7].
c. MARGARET DE RIVERS, nun at Lacock Abbey, younger daughter. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 5 (1825): 712-714. Rowe Contributions to a Hist. of the Cistercian Houses of Devon (1878): 25-33. Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 37 (1905): 426. C.P. 4 (1916): 319, footnote f (sub Devon). Gee Women, Art & Patronage from Henry III to Edward III: 1216-1377 (2002): 78.
ii. RICHARD DE CLARE, Knt., Earl of Gloucester and Hertford [see next].
iii. AGNES DE CLARE. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 59-65. Jour. British Arch. Assoa 26 (1870): 149-160. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92.
iv. ISABEL DE CLARE, married ROBERT DE BRUS, Knt., of Annandale in Scotland [see BRUS 6].
v. WILLIAM DE CLARE, Knt., of Petersfield and Mapledurham (in Buriton), Hampshire, and Walsingham, Wells, and Warharn, Norfolk, Constable of Winchester Castle, 2nd son, born 18 May 1228. Sometime in the period, 1245-58, he witnessed a charter of his sister, Amice de Rivers, Countess of Devon, to Brearnore Priory, Hampshire. In Nov. 1247 his brother, Richard, had a great tournament at Northampton in honor of William's knighthood. In 1248 William went beyond seas on a pilgrimage with his brother, Earl Richard, to St. Edmund's at Pontigny [Yonne]. The same year he was granted free warren in his demesne lands at Petersfield and Mapledurham (in Buriton), Hampshire. In 1252 he was granted a weekly market and a yearly fair at his manor of Little Walsingham, Norfolk. In 1255 he was granted two yearly fairs at his manor of Petersfield, Hampshire. In 1256 he was granted an annuity of 100 marks at the Exchquer until the king provide for him in an equivalent in wards or escheats. The same year William Finamour and Joan his wife conveyed the manor of Sunworth (in Buriton), Hampshire to him, in exchange for 53 acres of arable land, 15 acres of wood, and 2 acres of meadow in Mapledurham (in Buriton), Hampshire. In 1257 he was granted free warren in his demesne lands in Great and Little Walsingham, Wells, and Warham, Norfolk, and Sunworth (in Buriton), Hampshire, and a weekly market at his manor of Little Walsingham, Norfolk. Sometime before 1258, he gave 30 acres of wood to Durford Priory, Sussex outside their close next to their land on the north side of the manor of Sunworth (in Buriton), Hampshire, one virgate within the canons' close at Holte, and 6s. yearly rent, together with pasture for 200 sheep and 16 animals in the demesne pasture of Sunworth. He was poisoned in May 1258, with his brother, Richard, while at breakfast with Prince Edward at Winchester, Hampshire. SIR WILLIAM DE CLARE died from the effects at Retherford. He was initially buried at Durford Abbey, Sussex 23 July 1258, but was later reinterred beside his father at Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucestershire. He left no issue. In 1259 Walter de Scotenay, seneschal of Earl Richard de Clare, was condemned for having administered poison to William de Clare, was dragged into the city of Winchester by a horse of the said William, and afterwards hanged. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 59-65. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 6(2) (1830): 932-935. Halliwell Chron. of the Monastry of Abingdon (1844): 13, 50-51. Luard Annales Monastici 1 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1864): 165. Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 26 (1870): 149-160. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92. C.Ch.R. 1 (1903): 333, 334, 377, 449, 475. C.P.R. 1232-1247 (1906): 497. MSS of the Duke of Rutland 4 (Hist. MSS Comm. 24) (1905): 57-58 (Sir William de Clare styled "my brother" [fratre meo] in charter of Amice de Rivers, Countess of Devon). Rpt. on MSS in Various Colls. 4 (Hist. MSS Comm. 55) (1907): 101 ("Will. de Clare, brother of Richard Earl of Gloucester" witness to deed), 256. C.P.R. 1247-1258 (1908): 9, 12, 66, 456, 505, 638, 644. D.N.B. 4 (1908): 393-396 (biog. of Richard de Clare). VCH Hampshire 3 (1908): 85-93. Desc. Cat. Ancient Deeds 6 (1915): 228. Lambert Bletchingley 1 (1921): 82-83. C.P. 5 (1926): 695, footnote m (sub Gloucester). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare). Stevenson Durford Cartulary (Sussex Rec. Soc. 90) (2006): 67 (charter of William de Clare), 71-72. Online resource: http://www.briantirruns.net/rollsofarms/rolls/gloversB1.htm (Glover's Roll dated c.1252 - arms of William de Clare: Gules three chevrons or a label azure).
vi. GILBERT DE CLARE, 3rd son, born 12 Sept. 1229. In 1241 the abbot of Tewkesbury was permitted to present William de Staneway to the church of Great Marlow, Buckinghamshire, allowing Gilbert de Clare, a minor ["pupilliâ€], a pension of 16 marks in compensation for the benefice until other provisions could be made for him. In 1244, being then a resident of the diocese of Worcester, he was granted a papal dispensation at the request of his step-father, Richard, Earl of Cornwall, to hold beneficies to the yearly value of 300 silver marks. His subsequent history is unknown. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 59-65. Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 26 (1870): 149-160. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92. Papal Regs.: Letters 1 (1893): 207. Grosseteste Rotuli Roberti Grosseteste Episcopi Lincolniensis (Lincoln Rec. Soc. 11) (1914): 362-363. Lambert Bletchingley 1 (1921): 72-73. VCH Buckingham 3 (1925): 76. C.P. 5 (1926): 695, footnote m (sub Gloucester). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare).â€
2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“RICHARD DE CLARE, Knt, 3rd Earl of Hertford (also styled Earl of Clare), of Clare, Suffolk, son and heir. He married AMICE OF GLOUCESTER, daughter and co-heiress of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, lord of Glamorgan and Caerleon, seigneur of Torigny in Manche, Normandy, etc., by Hawise, daughter of Robert of Meulan, Knt., 1st Earl of Leicester [see GLOUCESTER 4 for her ancestry]. Her maritagium included the town of Sudbury, Suffolk and 6- 1/2 knights fees in Kent. They had four sons, Gilbert, Knt. [Earl of Gloucester and Hertford], Richard, Roger, and Henry, and three daughters, Maud, Hawise, and [?Joan] (wife of Rhys Gryg, lord of Dynevor or Ystradtywi, Prince of South Wales). Sometime in or before 1172 he gave assent to the grant of his father, Earl Roger de Clare to the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem of the advowson of Tonbridge, Kent. He and his father-in-law, William, Earl of Gloucester, were both suspected of complicity, if not direct involvement, in the rebellion of Earl Hugh le Bigod in 1173-4. Clare subsequently supported the king, when the king's son, Henry, rebelled against his father. In the period, 1185-4214, he gave the advowson of the church of Yalding with the chapel of Brenchley, Kent to the church of St. Mary Magdalene, Tonbridge, Kent. In 1188 he and Roger le Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, disputed for the honor of carrying the banner of St. Edmund in battle. He was present at the Coronation of King Richard I at Westminster in 1189. In 1191 he was one of the eleven appointed by the Chancellor to determined the questions between himself and Prince John. In 1193 he was enjoined by the Chancellor to accompany him on his return to King Richard, then a prisoner in Germany. In 1194/5 he had acquittance as being with the King in the army in Normandy. At the start of the reign of King Richard I the barony of Long Crendon, Buckinghamshire (which had escheated to the crown in 1164) was divided between him and William Marshal, Knt., later Earl of Pembroke. He had a grant from King John of a moiety of the Giffard estates in Normandy and England. In 1198 he excused himself from personal attendance on the king at Hertford. Sometime before Michaelmas 1198, Earl Richard and his wife, Amice, were separated by order of the Pope on grounds of consanguinity, at which date she claimed the town of Sudbury, Suffolk, which had been her marriage portion. They were evidently divorced by 1200, when Amice was styled "formerly the Countess of Clare." In 1202-3 she repeated her claim to the town of Sudbury, Suffolk, and, in 1205-7, she claimed the advowson of St. Gregories, Sudbury, Suffolk, which the Prioress of Eton said had been granted to Eton by Earl William, Amice's father. The issue of the validity of their marriage was presumably resolved, as Amice styled herself in later charters the "Countess of Clare." Regardless, they appeared to have been estranged at the time of Earl Richard's death, as her charters make no mention of her husband, but only their son and heir, Gilbert. In 1201 he paid £100 in order to obtain possession of the manor of Saham, Norfolk by writ of mort d'ancestor against Roger de Tony, but Tony subsequently recovered the manor. Sometime prior to 1206, he granted the church of Yalding, Kent with the chapelry of Brenchley to Tonbridge Priory. In 1211 Amice, Countess of Clare, offered 40 marks for the recovery of certain fees of which she had been disseised by Guy de Chanceaux. In 1214 the canons of Nutley Abbey secured the church of Bottesham, Cambridgeshire against Richard de Clare. He joined the confederacy of the barons against the king in 1215. He was one of the twenty-five barons elected to guarantee the observance of Magna Carta, which King John signed 15 June 1215. In consequence he was among the barons excommunicated by Pope Innocent III 16 Dec. 1215. On 9 Nov. 1215 he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to treat of peace with the king. On returning to fealty 5 October 1217, he had restitution of his lands. On the death of her sister, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester (former wife of King John) in 1217, Amice became sole heir to their father, William, Earl of Gloucester. SIR RICHARD DE CLARE, Earl of Hertford, died between 30 October and 28 Nov. 1217. Following his death, Tonbridge Priory petitioned the bishop to grant indulgence "to all who pray for the soul of Sir Richard de Clare, formerly Earl of Hertford, whose body lies in the church of St. Mary Magdalen of Tonbridge, and the souls of all faithful departed deceased and those who have assisted in the building or upkeep of the lights, etc." of the church of St. Mary Magdalen in Tonbridge. His widow, Amice, caused the earl's body to be carried to Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucestershire, where it was buried in the choir of the Abbey. In the period, 1217-23, in her widowhood ["viduitate meaâ€], she gave to Stoke by Clare Priory a messuage and possessions of the hospital of St. Sepulchre in Sudbury, Suffolk. In the period, 1217-36, Amice, Countess of Clare, in her widowhood ["viduitate meaâ€] confirmed grants made to Margam Abbey by her grandfather, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, and William, Earl of Gloucester. At an unknown date, Countess Amice founded the hospital of St. Sepulchre in Sudbury, Suffolk, as well as one dedicated to Jesus Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary. At an unknown date, Amice granted Abraham Fitz Ralph of Thaxted three acres at Holgate in her fee at Sudbury, Suffolk at a yearly rent of 12d. Amice, Countess of Clare, allegedly died 1 January 1224/5.*
(* Note: C.P. 6 (1926): 503 (sub Hertford) says Amice de Clare, Countess of Hertford "is stated to have died 1 January 1224/5, before which date she appears to have been recognized as Countess of Gloucester." This statement regarding her being acknowledged Countess of Gloucester appears to be without foundation. In Amice's own charters which have survived and in contemporary records, she is styled solely as Countess of Clare (i.e., Hertford), and never as Countess of Gloucester [see, for instance, Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 6(3) (1830): 1658-1659 (charters of Amice, Countess of Clare, daughter of William Earl of Gloucester); Fry & Fry Abs. of Feet of Fines Rel. Dorset 1 (Dorset Rec. Soc. 5) (1896): 26; Clark Carke et Alia Munimenta de Glamorgancia 2 (1910): 358 (charter of Arnice, Countess of Clare, widow); Harper-Bill Stoke by Clare Cartulary 1 (Suffolk Charters 4) (1982): 41-48 (charters of Amice, Countess of Clare); Mortimer Charters of St. Bartholomerv's Priory (Suffolk Charters 15) (1996): 25-26 (charter of Amice, Countess of Clare)]. Rather, Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 1 (1817): 33 states that Amice's son and heir, Gilbert de Clare, took up the twin earldoms of Gloucester and Hertford in 1217, which occurred during his mother's lifetime. In Nov. 1217, shortly after the death of his aunt, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, Gilbert confirmed several benefactions as Earl of Gloucester and Hertford [see Stevenson Durford Cartulary (Sussex Rec. Soc. 90) (2006): 811. In the same month there was a plea between Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, and William de Cauntelo and his wife, Milicent, widow of Amaury, Count of Evreux. Livery of various lands was also ordered [see CP. 5 (1926): 694 (sub Gloucester)]. Gilbert certainly had possession of the Gloucester inheritance before 1220/1, when the Pipe Rolls sub Norfolk and Suffolk state that "Isti habunt quietancias per brevia ... Comes de Clara de 131 f etc." [see Great Roll of the Pipe Michaelmas 1221, cited in C.P. 6 (1926): 503, footnote c]. Presumably Amice was excluded from the Gloucester inheritance by the terms of her father's agreement with King Henry II in 1176, by which King Henry's son, John (later King John) was acknowledged as heir to William Earl of Gloucester (as future husband of his youngest daughter, Isabel); in return for this grant, the king agreed to give £100 yearly rental to Earl William's older daughters, Mabel and Amice [see Lambert Bletchingley A Parish Hist. 1 (1921): 53-54, 59, footnote 2].)
Placitorum in Domo Capitulari Westmonasteriensi Asservatorum Abbrevatio (1811): 36. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 59-65; 6(2) (1830): 806-807 (charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford), 913 (charter of Richard [de Clare], Earl of Hertford); 6(3) (1830): 1658-1659 (charters of Amice, Countess of Clare, daughter of William Earl of Gloucester). Clutterbuck Hist. & Antiqs. of Hertford 3 (1827): 225-226 (Clare ped.). Thomson Hist. Essay on the Magna Charta of King John (1829): 270-272 (biog. of Richard de Clare). Palgrave Rotuli Curiæ Regis 2 (1835): 180. Lipscomb Hist. & Antiqs. of Buckingham 1 (1847): 200-201 (Clare ped.). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 26 (1870): 149-160. Delisle Chronique de Robert de Torigni 2 (1873): 41 (sub A.D. 1173 - "Obiit etiam Rogerius, comes de Clara, cui successit Ricardus, filius ejus, qui duxit filiam Guillermi comitis Gloecestriæ."). Matthew of Paris Chronica Majora 2 (Rolls Ser. 57) (1874): 604-605, 642-644. Turner Cal. Charters & Rolls: Bodleian Lib. (1878): 127. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92 ("Earl Richard's seal is extant, and bears the three chevrons.â€). Doyle Official Baronage of England 2 (1886): 176 (sub Hertford). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 2 (1892): 268-269 (seal of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford - To the right. In hauberk, surcoat, conical helmet, sword, kite-shaped shield. Legend wanting.). Delaville le Roulx Cartulaire Général de l'Ordre des Hospitaliers de St Jean de Jérusalem 1 (1894): 298-299 (charter dated 1172-99 by Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford); charter names his father, Earl Roger; and his mother, Countess Maud; charter witnessed by his "brothers" [fratribus], Richard de Clare and James de Clare. Fry & Fry Abs. of Feet of Fines Rel. Dorset 1 (Dorset Rec. Soc. 5) (1896): 26. Genealogist n.s. 13 (1896): 98; n.s. 34 (1918): 181-189 (charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford; charter names his parents, Earl Roger and Countess Maud). Rye Cal. Feet of Fines for Suffolk (1900): 13. Ramsay Angevin Empire (1903): 195. VCH Buckingham 1 (1905): 377. Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 146. VCH Hampshire 3 (1908): 85-93. Clark Carter et Alia Munimenta de Glamorgancia 2 (1910): 343, 358 (charter of Amice Countess of Clare, widow to Margam Abbey). Lambert Bletchingly 1 (1921): 52-59. Curia Regis Rolls 1 (1922): 186, 249; 4 (1929): 13, 15, 139-140, 172; 6 (1932): 3, 30, 89, 108, 358; 14 (1961): 92; 15 (1972): 343. C.P. 5 (1926): 694-69 (sub Gloucester); 6 (1926): 501-503 (sub Hertford) ("Whatever the nature of the separation of the Earl and Countess, it did not affect the position of their son, Gilbert."). English Hist. Rev. 61 (1946): 292, footnote 2. Hethe Reg. Hamonis Hethe Diocesis Roffinsis 1 (Canterbury & York Soc. 48) (1948): 15, 17 (charter of Richard de Clare dated 1185-1214), 18-19, 45. Paget Baronage of England (1957) 130: 6. Sanders English Baronies (1960): 6, 34-35, 63. Ross Cartulary of Cirencester Abbey 2 (1964): 436-437, 563-564. Cheney Letters of Pope Innocent III 1198-1216 (1967): 172. Gervers Hospitalier Cartulary in the British Museum (1981): 304 (charter of Richard de Clare). Gervers Cartulary of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem in England, Secunda Camera, Essex (Recs. of Social and Econ. Hist n.s. 6) (1982): 548 (charter of Richmi de Clare, Earl of Hertford). Harper-Bill Stoke by Clare Cartulary 1 (Suffolk Charters 4) (1982): 3, 12, 23, 30 (notification of Richard, Earl of Clare dated 1173-80; charter witnessed by his brother, Richard de Clare), 31-32 (charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford dated 1185-88; charter witnessed by his uncle [avunculus], Richard de Clare), 32 (charter of Richard de Clare dated 1173-89), 33 (confirmation charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford dated 1173-85), 33-34 (charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford dated c.1192-1217; charter witnessed by Sir Richard de Clare), 37, 41-48 (charters of Amice, Countess of Clare); 2 (Suffolk Charters 5) (1983): 321, 323, 325. Merrick Morganiae Archaiographia (South Wales Rec. Soc. 1) (1983): 41-52. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 151. (sub Clare); 3(2) (1983): 354. Smith English Episc. Acta 6 (1990): 109-110, 216-217, 333-334, 365. Ward Women of the English Nobility & Gentry 1066-1500 (1995): 24-25 (charter of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford dated 1173-90; charter witnessed by Richard de Clare and John de Clare). Mortimer Charters of St. Bartholomew's Priory (Suffolk Charters 15) (1996): 25-26 (charter of Amice, Countess of Clare).
Children of Richard de Clare, Knt., by Amice of Gloucester:
i. GILBERT DE CLARE, Knt, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford [see next].
ii. RICHARD DE CLARE, younger son. He was murdered at London 4 May 1228. Lipscomb Hist. & Antiqs. Buckingham 1 (1847): 200-201 (Clare ped.). Luard Annales Monastici 1 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1864): 70. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92. C.P. 6 (1926): 503, footnoted (sub Hertford). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare).
iii. ROGER DE CLARE, of Middleton, Norfolk, and, in right of his wife, of Norton, Suffolk, Chipstead, Surrey, and Southwick and Wickham, Sussex, younger son. Probably about 1223 he witnessed a confirmation charter of his brother, Earl Gilbert de Clare, to the priory of St. Gregory, Clerkenwell. In Feb. 1225 Roger had the grant of land in Ashingdon, Essex formerly belonging to John de Beauchamp, which land he restored in March 1225. In 1226 he received the grant of an annual fee of £25 from the Exchequer, on going to Gascony with Richard, Earl of Cornwall. In 1230 he was granted £15 in lands, and his annual wage accordingly reduced to £10. He married before Feb. 1231 ALICE DE DAMMARTIN, widow of John de Wauton (died shortly before Sept. 1230), of Walton-on-the Hill, Surrey, and daughter of Eudes Dammartin, of Strumpshaw, Norfolk, and Chipstead, Effingham, Mickleham, and Tandridge, Surrey, presumably by ___, sister of Richard de Lucy. They had no issue. His wife, Alice, was heiress in 1225 to her brother, Eudes de Dammartin. In 1232 he was one of those sent to accompany Margaret, Countess of Kent, to London. In March 1233 he had a gift of the king of two stags and ten hinds to be taken from his late brother, Earl Gilbert's park at Bletchingley, Surrey. He served in the Welsh campaign of 1233-4. In 1236 he had the gift of two stags from the king to be taken from his nephew, Earl Richard's park at Hundon, Suffolk. Before Jan. 1241 he left for the Holy Land, presumably in the English expedition led by Richard, Earl of Cornwall. In May 1241 his essoin in an action was adjourned for five weeks he then returning from the Holy Land. ROGER DE CLARE presumably died on the way home shortly before August 1241, when an order was issued to take his lands into the king's hands. In Jan. 1241/2 his widow, Alice, agreed to pay 200 marks to the king at the rate of £25 a year to have seisin of Roger's lands in Middleton, Norfolk, until his unnamed heirs were of age or married. She evidently died about 1255. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92 ("Roger de Clare, Earl Gilbert's brother, was allowed £12 on the 11th February 1226, for his expenses in the King's service with the Earl of Cornwall in Poitou."). Cal. Liberate Rolls 1 (1916): 1, 77, 105, 125, 177. Lambert Bletchingley 1 (1921): 66-69. Surrey Arch. Colls. 54 (1955): 58-65. Woodcock Cartulary of the Priory of St. Gregory, Canterbury (Camden 3rd Ser. 88) (1956): 68-69. Curia Regis Rolls 14 (1961): 327, 332-333; 16 (1979): 112, 17 (1991): 84, 277, 394, 465. Meekings 1235 Surrey Eyre 1 (Surrey Rec. Soc. 31) (1979): 180-182 (biog. of Roger de Clare). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(1) (1984): 156 (sub Clare).
iv. HENRY DE CLARE, younger son. In 1228 he was granted a yearly wage of £20, being then in the king's service. His subsequent history is unknown. Cal. Liberate Rolls 1(1916): 77 (Henry styled "brother" of Roger de Clare). Lambert Bletchingley 1 (1921): 67.
v. MAUD DE CLARE, married WILLIAM DE BREWES, of Bramber, Sussex [see BREWES 6].
vi. HAWISE DE CLARE, married GEOFFREY DE SAY, Knt., of Edmonton, Middlesex [see SAY 6].
vii. [?JOAN] DE CLARE, married in 1219 (as his 2nd wife) RHYS GRYG, lord of Dynevor or Ystradtywi, Prince of South Wales, younger son of Lord Rhys ap Griffith, Prince of South Wales. They had two sons, Maredudd and Howel. RHYS GRYG died in 1233, and was buried in St. David's Cathedral. Vincent A Discoverie of Errours (1622): 122. Thomson Hist. Essay on the Magna Charta of King John (1829): 270-272 (biog. of Richard de Clare). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. 26 (1870): 149-160. Bridgeman Hist. of the Princes of South Wales (1876): 73-110, 185-202. Clark Land of Morgan (1883): 64-92 ("The Chronicles state that the daughter of the Earl of Clare in 1217 married Rhys Bahan (Vachan). She may have been a natural daughter."). Arch. Cambrensis 5th Ser. 15 (1898): 226-227. Caradog of Llancarvan Brut y Tynysogion 1 (2001): 304-305 (sub A.D. 1219: "The ensuing year, Rhys the Hoarse [Rhys Gryg] married the daughter of the earl of Clare.").
Children of [?Joan] de Clare, by Rhys Gryg:
a. MAREDUDD AP RHYS GRYG, of Dryslwyn and Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, younger son by his father's 2nd marriage, born in or before 1222. He married 1234/41 ___, niece of Gilbert Marshal, 7th Earl of Pembroke, hereditary Master Marshal of England, and granddaughter of William Marshal, Knt., 4th Earl of Pembroke, by Isabel, daughter of Richard de Clare. They had one son, Rhys, Knt. Sometime before 1241, he was granted the commotes of Ystlwyf and Newcastle Emlyn, Carmarthenshire by Gilbert Marshal, Earl of Pembroke. He was at variance with his nephew, Rhys Fychan ap Rhys Mechyll, during the greater part of their lives. He accompanied Llywelyn ap Gruffudd on his victorious expeditions of 1256, and was rewarded with grants of lands around Llanbadarn and Cantref Buellt. He took a leading part in the Welsh victory of Cymerau in 1257. In 1258 he went over to the English king, who conceded to him all the lands he then held, as well as lands belonging to his nephew, Rhys, in Mabuderith, Mabelneu, etc. In 1258 he concluded an alliance with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. In 1259 he defected from Llywelyn, who had him imprisoned. Llywelyn demanded that he surrender Newcastle Emlyn and Dinefwr to him that year. Maredudd sided with the Welsh in 1261. In 1265-6 he was again taken into the English king's pay. MAREDUDD AP RHYS died at his castle at Dryslwyn, Carmarthenshire 22 July 1271, and was buried at Whitland Abbey. Bridgeman Hist. of the Minces of South Wales (1876): 111-150, 174-179, 185-202. Davies Age of Conquest (2000): 226, 319.
Child of Maredudd ap Rhys Gryg, by ___, niece of Gilbert Marshal:
1) RHYS AP MAREDUDD, Knt., of Dryslwyn and Ystlwyf, Carmarthenshire, son and heir. He married by papal dispensation dated 10 Dec. 1283 (they being related in the 3rd and 4th degrees of kindred) ADA DE HASTINGS, daughter of Henry de Hastings, Knt., of Lidgate, Cavendish, Gazeley, Little Udeley, Rede, etc., Suffolk, Nailstone and Wistow, Leicestershire, Yardley Hastings, Northamptonshire, Aston (in Munslow), Shropshire, Fillongley, Warwickshire, etc., hereditary Steward of the liberty of Bury St. Edmunds Abbey, by Joan, daughter of William de Cantelowe, Knt. [see HASTINGS 9 for her ancestry]. Her maritagium included Emlyn Is Cuch (in the hundred of Cilgerran), Pembrokshire, and St. Clear's, Carmarthenshire. They had no issue. In the crisis of 1276-7, he confirmed his loyalty to King Edward I of England. The king granted him Dinefwr Castle, together with the commotes of Maenordeilo, Mallaen, Caeo, and Mabelfyw, all in Cantref Mawr; he was also granted the commotes of Gwynionydd and Mabwynion, Cardiganshire on a limited basis. In 1277, with the defeat of Prince Llywelyn, King Edward I retook possession of Dinefwr Castle and later reclaimed Maenordeilo. In 1282 Rhys was granted a yearly fair to be held at the manor of Dryslwyn. In 1282 Rhys was required to required to give up any formal claims to Dinefwr Castle; however, he was granted the lands of Rhys Wyndod in Caeo and Mallaen and given formal seisin of the commotes of Gwynionydd and Mabwynion, Cardiganshire. In 1285 he was granted a weekly market and yearly fair to be held at the manor of Lampeter, Cardiganshire. In June 1287 he rebelled against King Edward I of England and captured Dinefwr, Carreg Cennen, and Llandovery Castles. The king mustered a force of 22,000 men to meet the danger; by Sept. 1287 his castle of Dryslwyn had been captured. In Nov. 1287, however, Rhys renewed the struggle, moving to Carmarthenshire where he captured Newcastle Emlyn. He held out there against royalist forces until Jan. 1288, when the castle was taken. In 1290 his forfeited lands in Wales were granted to Robert de Tibetot, to hold until Easter next, and for the four years after. In 1290, having raised a new insurrection, Rhys was opposed by Robert de Tibetot, the king's justiciar. Four thousand Welshmen were slain and Rhys was taken prisoner. SIR RHYS AP MAREDUDD was tried at York soon after Michaelmas [29 Sept.] 1291 and there cruelly executed. On 14 June 1293 his widow, Ada, was allowed to retain all the lands which she held in her own right. Ada married (2nd) before 1306 (date of settlement) (as his 2nd wife) ROBERT DE CHAMPAINE (or CHAMPAYNE, CHAMPAGNE, CHAUMPAYNE), of Thurlaston and Wigston, Leicestershire, and Great Doddington, Northamptonshire, son and heir of Nicholas de Champaigne, of Great Doddington, Northamptonshire, by Joan, daughter and heir of Adam son of Philip, of Northampton. He was a minor in 1274, he already being married. By his previous marriage, he was the father of one son, Robert. In 1279-80 Robert de Skeftinton and Joan his wife arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against him and others touching a tenement in Great Doddington, Northamptonshire. In the same period, Isabel widow of Robert le Freman arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against hint and others touching a tenement in Great Doddington, Northamptonshire. In 1280-1 Michael Fitz Durand and Mabel his wife arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against Robert de Charnpaigne and Stephen de Ouensby regarding a tenement in Doddington, Northamptonshire. In 1280-1 Robert de Skefinton and Joan his wife arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against him regarding a tenement in Thurleston and Castre, Leicestershire. In 1281-2 he quitclaimed a croft of land in Collingtree, Northamptonshire to John de Wotton. In 1282 he remitted and quitclaimed to Devorguille of Gallloway, wife of John de Balliol, his right in the manor of Borgue in Galloway. He presented to the church of Thurlaston, Leicestershire in 1288. In 1296 an assize came to recognize whether Robert de Champaine, John de Champaine, and others disseised Robert Skeffington [step-father of Robert de Champaine] of his free tenements in Wigston, Leicestershire; the jury found in favor of Robert de Champaine. In 1301 he sued Thomas Skeffington regarding 11 messuages, 5 virgates of land, and 2s. of rent in Collingtree, Northamptonshire. His wife, Ada, died sometime before 1308-9. In 1313 Robert settled the manors of Thurleston, Leicestershire and Great Doddington, Northamptonshire on himself for life, with reversion to his son and heir, Robert de Champaine the younger, and his wife, Margaret. He married (3rd) MAUD ROBERT DE CHAMPAINE died shortly before 27 May 1315, when his widow, Maud, acknowledged that she owed a debt of £20 to Richer de Refham, to be levied, in default of payment, of her lands and chattels in Essex. His widow, Maud, married (2nd) before Hilary term 1320 (date of lawsuit) RICHARD TABOURER, of Albrighton. In 1320 Robert son of Robert de Champaine sued Richard and his wife, Maud, and Margaret daughter of the said Maud in a plea of a messuage, five acres of land, one acre of meadow, and 57s. rent in Wigston, Leicestershire, which he claimed as his right. In Hilary term 1322 Richard and his wife, Maud, sued Robert de Champaine and his wife, Margaret, in a plea of a third part of the manor of Thurleston, together with the advowson of the church of the said manor, and £10 rent in Wigston, Leicestershire, which they demanded as dower of the said Maud. Dugdale Baronage of England 1 (1675): 574-579 (sub Hastings). Bridges Hist. & Antiqs. of Northamptonshire 2 (1791): 140. Nichols Hist. & Antiqs. of Leicester 3(2) (1804): 607-608 (Hastings ped.). Brydges Collins' Peerage of England 6 (1812): 643-645 (sub Lord Hastings). Williams ab Ithel Annales Cambria (Rolls Ser.) (1860): 109-110. Cambrian Jour. 6 (1863): 185. Arch. Jour. 26 (1869): 236-256. Bridgeman Hist. of the Princes of South Wales (1876): 185-202. Flower Vis. of Yorkshire 1563-4 (H.S.P. 16) (1881): 154-156 (Hastings ped.
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