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Alice or Adelise of England

Female - 1073


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  • Name Alice or Adelise of England 
    Gender Female 
    Died 1073  of Saint Léger in Les Préaux, Eure, Upper Normandy, France Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Person ID I6356  Petersen-de Lanskoy
    Last Modified 27 May 2021 

    Father William the Conqueror,   b. From 1027 to 1028, Falaise, Calvados, France Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 9 Sep 1087, Saint Gervais, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age ~ 60 years) 
    Mother Maud of Flanders,   d. 2 Nov 1083 
    Married Abt 1050 
    Family ID F2779  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Notes 
    • RESEARCH_NOTES:
      1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
      “WILLIAM the Conqueror, Duke (or Count) of Normandy, 1035-87, King of England, 1066-87, illegitimate son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, by his mistress, Axlette (or Herleve) [see Appendix, Line A for his ancestry]. He was probably born at Falaise 1027-28. In 1046-7 William's right to be duke was attacked by his cousin, Guy, count of Brionne. Guy and his associates were defeated by an army led by William and the French king Henri I to the south-west of Caen at Val-es-Dunes. In 1049 William joined the French king's campaign against Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, taking part in the successful siege of the castle of Mouliheme near Angers. He married about 1050 (marriage prohibited 1049, dispensation dated 1059, they being related by near kinship within the 7th degree) MAUD OF FLANDERS, daughter of Baudouin V, Count-Marquis of Flanders, by Adele, daughter of Robert II, King of France [see Appendix, Line B for her ancestry]. They had four sons, Robert Curthose puke of Normandy], Richard, William II Rufus [King of England], and Henry [I] [King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin], and five daughters, Alice (or Adelise) (nun at St Leger in Preaux), Maud, Constance, Cecily [Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen], and Adele (wife of Etienne Henri, Count of Blois). In 1051 William visited England and probably received a promise of the English succession from his childless cousin, King Edward the Confessor. According to Norman writers, King Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinesson (later King Harold), who visited the Norman court in 1064 or 1065, swore an oath to support William's claim to the throne of England. However, when King Edward died (5 Jan 1066), Harold was hastily anointed king (6 Jan 1066) and was accepted by the English nobility. On 28 September 1066 William landed at Pevensey with his army and defeated Harold's forces in the Battle of Hastings 14 October 1066. William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey 25 December 1066 by Aldred, Archbishop of York. He invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081. He spent most of his time in Normandy, but returned to England each time when it was absolutely necessary. In 1082 William imprisoned his half-brother, Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, on a charge of disloyalty. He was a major patron of monasteries, founding two great abbeys at St Etienne of Caen and Battle, and making donations to a host of other churches. His wife, Maud, died 2 November 1083, and was buried at Sainte-Trinite in Caen. Her tombstone with inscription carved round the edge has survived. In 1085 William brought a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV of Denmark, but it never occurred. One of the most important deeds of William in his last years was ordering of economic and tenurial survey of England, the results of which were summarized in the Domesday Book. In the summer of 1086 the Conqueror departed for the continent, where he went on a military expedition to retaliate against an invading French garrison at the border town of Mantes. He was injured while riding a horse and the ailing king was carried back to Rouen and then moved for peace and quiet to the priory of Saint Gervais outside the city. Surrounded by clergy and magnates, he apparently remained lucid until the end, which came on 9 September 1087. His corpse was transported by river and sea to Caen, where he was buried in the Abbey church of Saint-Etienne. [For William the Conqueror's sister, Alice of Normandy, Countess of Aumale, see AUMALE 1; for his half-brother, Robert, Count of Mortain, see MORTAIN 1.]
      Morice Memoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 129 (Extract of Chronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1083. Obiit Mathildis Regina filia Balduini II. Comitis Flandrensis, uxor Willelmi Regis Anglorum;" "Anno 1087. Obiit Willelmus Rex Anglorum Rotomagi apud S. Gervasium V. idus Septembris [9 September], qui sua magna industria & probitate omnem Angliam sux subdiderat ditioni ..."). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "V. Id. Sept. [9 Sept.] Ob. Willelmus Rex Anglorurn."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]); 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 297-300. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 295-298 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXXIV). De Smet Recueil des Chroniques de Flandre 1 (1837): 544 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1027: "Balduinus Pulchra Barba, comes Flandriae, filio suo Balduino, qui postea dictus est Pius, Athelam, filiam Roberti regis Francorum, accipit uxorem. Ex qua nati sunt Balduinus Montensis et Robertus Friso et filia Mathildis, quae postea nupsit Wilhelmo, filio Roberti ducis Normanniae, qui postea in Angliam transfretans eam debellavit."), 552 (Chronicomm Flandriae sub A.D. 1047: "Wilhelmus, dux Normanniae, uxorem duxit Mathildem filiam Balduini comitis Flandriae, quae postea peperit ei Wilhelmum, postmodum regem Angliae."). Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux styled "brother" [fratris] by King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1074). Duncan Dukes of Normandy (1839). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 1-134 (biog. of Matilda of Flanders). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxx (Alice [Duchess of Burgundy] styled "aunt" [amita] by King William in charter dated 1080). Giles Chronicon Anglia Petriburgense (1845): 45 (sub A.D. 1035: "Robertus dux Norrnanniæ obiit in peregrinatione Jerusolymitana, a camerario suo potionatus: successit filius ejus Willelmus Bastard, annorum septum puer, tutelæ Henrici regis Franciæ commendatus.")."). Le Prévost Notes pour servir à la Topographic et à l’Histoire des Communes du Département de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Artgustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Ser.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "fratris" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Lépinois & Merlet Cartulaire de Notre-Dame de Chartres 3 (1865): 172 (Necrologium B.M. Carnutensis: V Idus Septembris [9 September] - "Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 182-183, 284-285. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (Rolls Ser. 45) (1866): 294-295 (Judith [of Lens], wife of Earl Waltheof, styled "king's kinswoman" [consanguineam regis] [i.e., kinswoman of King William the Conqueror]). Wauters Table Chronologique des Chartes et Diplômes Imprimés 1 (1866): 575. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1881): 228 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: Adelaide, wife of Robert son of Giroie, styled "kinswoman [consobrina] of King William the Conqueror), 234 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: William Fitz Osbern styled "kinsman and steward" [cognatus et Dapifer] of King William the Conqueror), 246-247 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Sexto: Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Heugleville] styled "kinsman" [consanguineus] of King William the Conqueror, Beatrix, daughter of Christian de Valenciennes, and wife of Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Huegleville], styled "kinswoman" of Queen Maud of Flanders [Mathildis Reginæ consobrina]). Arch. Jour. 41 (1884): 300-312 (author provides conclusive evidence that Gundred, wife of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, was not the daughter of William the Conqueror or his wife, Maud of Flanders). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 3-5 (seal of King William the Conqueror - Obverse. The king on horseback to the right, in coat of mail and conical helmet and spurred; in his right hand a long lance with three streamers; in his left hand a kite-shaped shield, held by a strap, showing the interior. Horse trappings: a small, plain saddle, and stirrup, breast-band, girth, and head-gear. Legend: + HOC • NORMANNORVM • WILLEMVM • NOSCE • PATRONVM • S[I] between two dotted circles. Reverse. The king, enthroned, with a crown fleury of three tre-foiled points, and loose robe falling in folds between the knees, with arms and feet apparently bare; both arms extended and raised from the elbow; in his right hand a sword erect, in his left hand an orb, surmounted by a tall cross pattée fitchée. Throne without back; cushions on the seat; the base having three small arches, which rest on a plinth also having arches in nearly vertically corresponding positions. Legend: + HOC • ANGLIS • REGE[M • S]IGNO • [FATEARIS • EVNDEM] between two dotted circles. The legends, taken together, form a distich.). Stubbs Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis regum Anglorum (Rolls Series) (1887-9). Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain tin Xle Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 175 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Marim Carnotensis - "v id. sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum ..."), 180 (Necrologium Ecclesix Beatx Maria Camotensis - kal. nov. [31 October] Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina ..."), 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum…"). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): ccxli (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible: 9 Sept. - "Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus rex Anglorum major."), 422 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "1 Nov. [Obiit] Malthildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannnorum."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Nov. [Obiit] Mathildis, regina Anglorum."). Compte-rendu des Séances de la Commission Royale d’Histoire 5th Ser. 9 (1898): 142-180 (sub Comtes de Flandre). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 9-11. Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 498-499; 86 (1971): 225-250. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 240 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et princeps Normanie, v idus sept [9 Sept.] [1087]."), 660 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallée: "[3 Nov.] III non. Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina [1083]."). D.N.B. 21(1909): 293-301 (biog. of William the Conqueror, King of England). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 189-191 (sub A.D. 1075 and 1076: Earl Roger [i.e., Roger, Earl of Hereford] styled "kinsman" of King William the Conqueror), 212 (sub A.D. 1096: William [Count] of Eu styled "king's kinsman."). Bishop & Chaplais Facsimiles of English Royal Writs to AD. 1100 (1957). Stenton Bayeux Tapestry (1957). Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961). Galbraith Making of Domesday Book (1961). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Musset Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et de la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbeyes Caennaises (1967). Barlow Edward the Confessor (1979). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). Bates Normandy before 1066 (1982). L. Musset "La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinité de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)" in Mémoire de l’Academie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen 21 (1984): 191-210. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 5 (sub Flanders), 79 (sub Normandy), 81 (sub England). Wilson Bayeux Tapestry (1985). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England 1066-1166 (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.228, XI.415-XI.423, XII.18. Bates William the Conqueror (1989). Fleming Kings & Lords in Conquest England (1991). Van Houts Costa Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni (1992-5). Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 140 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "5 Idus Sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Willelmus rex Anglorum."), 144 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "4 Non. Nov. [2 November]. Obiit Matilda regina…"). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Davis & Chibnall Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (1997). Bickley Regesta Regum Anglo-Normanorum: The Acta of William I 1066-1087 (1998): 49, 342, 381, 466, 885, 893, 920 (instances of Edward the Confessor, King of England, styled "my kinsman" [yneges mines mæg/ cognatus meus/ consanguineus meus" by William the Conqueror, King of England). Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Roffe Domesday: The Inquest & the Book (2000). Anglo-Norman Studies XXV (2003): 1-18. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      Children of William the Conqueror, by Maud of Flanders:
      i. ROBERT (nicknamed “Curthose”), Duke of Normandy, son and heir, born about 1054. He married in Italy in Sept. 1100 SIBYL OF CONVERSANO, daughter of Goffredo (or Geoffroi), Count of Conversano and Brindisi. They had one son, William “Clito” [Count of Flanders]. By an unknown mistress (or mistresses), he had two illegitimate sons, Richard and William (or Guillaume) [lord of Tortosa], and one illegitimate daughter, ___ (wife of Hélie [or Elias] de Saint-Saëns). His wife, Sibyl, died 18 (or 21) March 1103. ROBERT, Duke of Normandy, died in prison at Cardiff 10 (or 11) Feb. 1134, and was buried before the altar in the abbey church of St. Peter, Gloucester. Mémoires de la Société des Antiquaires de la Morinie 4 (1839): lxxv. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 576 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "1 Feb. [Obiit] Robertus, comes Normannorum."), 577 ("18 Mart. [18 March] [Obiit] Sebille, comitissa Normannorum."). Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "[Obiit] Sibilla, comitissa Normannie XII kal. apr. [21 March]"). D.N.B. 16 (1909): 1235-1242 (biog. of Robert, Duke of Normandy). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.415, XII.643, XII.643a-XII.643c. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.). Aird Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy (2011).
      ii. RICHARD, 2nd son, born about 1055, died 1069-74. Douglas William the Conqueror (1964): Appendix C, 393. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.418. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      iii. WILLIAM “Rufus,” 3rd son, born about 1060. He succeeded his father in 1087 as king of England; Normandy and Maine passed to his elder brother, Robert. He was crowned at Westminster 26 Sept. 1087. From 1096 to 1100 he held the duchy of Normandy in pledge but was never duke. WILLIAM II, King of England, was killed in the New Forest 2 August 1100, being shot by an arrow from his own men in hunting. He was buried in Winchester Cathedral, Hampshire. Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & all Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "Kal. Aug. [1 August]. Ob. Guillelmus Rex Anglorum"). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 182-183, 285-286. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 14 (confirmation charter of King William II dated 1095-1100). D.N.B. 21 (1909): 301-306 (biog. of William II, King of England). Barlow William Rufus (1983). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.419. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      iv. HENRY, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin [see below].
      v. ALICE (or ADILIDEM, ADILIDE, ADELIZA) OF ENGLAND, nun at St Léger in Preaux. She died in 1073. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 14-16 (biog. of Adeliza, or Adelaide of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Steele (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain du XIe Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum ..."). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Lasteyrie Etudes sur la Sculpture française au Moyen Age (1902): 7. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.416. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
      vi. MAUD OF ENGLAND. In 1086 Geoffrey held Hatch Warren, Hampshire of the king for the service which he performed for Maud the king's daughter. She died 26 April, year unknown, Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 16-33 (biog. of Matilda of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Ob. Mathildis, filia Willelmi regis Anglorum, vi kal. maii [26 April"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda (author states Maud was not first Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen as Delisle believed). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
      vii. CONSTANCE OF ENGLAND. She married in 1086 (as his 1st wife) ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, son and heir of Hoe!, Count (or Duke) of Nantes, by Hawise, daughter of Alan III, Count (or Duke) of Brittany. They had no issue. He succeeded his father as Duke in 1084. In 1088 his wife, Countess Constance, confirmed to Quirnperlé Abbey certain domains that her husband previously had given them. His wife, Constance, died 13 August 1090, and was buried in the church of St. Melans near Rhedon in Brittany. He married (2nd) ERMENGARDE OF ANJOU, divorced wife of Guillaume IX, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Poitou, and daughter of Fulk (or Foulques) IV "le Rechin," Count of Anjou, by his 1st wife, Hildegarde, daughter of Lancelin [II] de Baugency. They had two sons, Conan [III] “le Gros” [Duke of Brittany] [see BRITTANY 3] and Geoffroi, and one daughter, Hawise (wife of Baudouin VII, Count of Flanders). He accompanied Robert, Duke of Normandy, to the Holy Land in 1096. He abdicated in c.1114-16 in favor of his son, Conan, and subsequently became a monk at Redon Abbey. ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, died 13 October 1119. Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 101-103, 453 (charter of Alan, Duke of Brittany to St. Georges Abbey), 463 (Duke Alan and his wife, Constance, listed as witnesses to a charter dated 8 Dec. 1086 of Giron son of Ansketil to Saint-Florent), 464 (charter of Constance, Countess of Brittany, daughter of William King of England to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names her husband, Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoel), 464 (epitaph of Constance, Countess of Brittany found in 1672 which reads: "Concurrente uno Idus Aug. [13 August] Obiit Constantia Britanniae Comitissa Alani Fergens conjux nobilissima, Willielmi Regis Anglorum filia."), 464-465 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Count of Brittany, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 465-467 (judgment dated 1089 regarding a difference of the monks of Redon with the chaplains of Count Alan and his wife, Countess Constance), 507 (charter dated 1101 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, his 2nd wife, Ermengarde, and their son, Conan), 525 (charter of Alan, Count of Brittany, and his 2nd wife, Countess Ermengarde, to the nuns of Fontevrault), 527. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 23-33 (biog. of Constance of England). Analysis of the Domesday Book of the County of Norfolk (1858): 9-12. Jausions Histoire abrégée de la Ville et de l’Abbaye de Redon (1864): 56-60. Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 221, 285-286. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 12 (1877): 559 (Ex Chronico Brittanico Altero: sub MLXXXVIII [A.D. 1088]. "Alanus [Fergent] duxit Constantiam filiam Regis Guillelmi Anglorum in uxorem."; sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "Obiit Constantia Alani conjux nobilissirna sine liberis."; sub MCXIX [A.D. 1119]. "Obiit Alanus Fergent pater Conani."), 562 (Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensi: sub MLXXXVII [A.D. 1087]. "Alanus [Fergent] Hoeli Consulis filius duxit uxorem Constantiam Guillehni Regis Anglorum filiam.", sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "[Idibus Aug.] [13 Aug.] "Constantia Cornitissa obiit, Regis Anglorum filia."; sub MCXX [A.D. 1120]. "Obiit Alanus Fergant junior filius Hoelis Comitis, III. Idus Octobris [13 Oct.]."). Paris Guillaume de Tyr et ses Continuateurs, Texte français (1880): 2 ("Ermenjart [of Anjou], qui premierement fu femme Guillaume le conte de Poitiers; mès il la leissa contre le comandement de sainte Eglise et de la loi de mariage, et li cuens de Bretaigne la prist et espousa. Si en engendra Conain qui pins fe cuens de Bretaigne, et le clamoit-l'en Conain le Gros."). Bull. & Memoires de la Société Archéologique du Departement d'Ille-et-Vilaine 17 (1885): 44-45 (charter dated 1084 of Count Alan, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 51-52 (charter dated 1086 of Alan Fergent, Count of Brittany to Saint-Florence Priory), 52-56 (sale of lands by Count Alan to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé dated before 1088; charter names his parents, Count Hoel and Hadeuguis), 56-67 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, and Constance his wife to Saint-Florent), 59-60 (charter dated 1096 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoe!, to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names his uncle [avunculi] Benoit, Bishop of Nantes), 61-69. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.420, XII.40. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      viii. CECILY (or CECILE) OF ENGLAND, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen. She died 30 July 1126. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 1-14 (biog. of Cecilia of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 224 ("Abbatissa gregis Cecilia filia regis"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.417. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      ix. ADELE (or ALA) OF ENGLAND, married ETIENNE HENRI, Count of Blois, Chartres, Chateaudun, Meaux, Provins, Sancerre, and Troyes [see BLOIS 2].”

      2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
      “WILLIAM the Conqueror, Duke (or Count) of Normandy, 1035-1087, King of England, 1066-1087, illegitimate son, probably born at Falaise 1027-1028. In 1046-7 William's right to be duke was attacked by his cousin, Guy, Count of Brionne. Guy and his associates were defeated by an army led by William and the French king Henri I to the south-west of Caen at Val-ès-Dunes. In 1049 William joined the French king's campaign against Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, taking part in the successful siege of the castle of Mouliherne near Angers. He married about 1050 (marriage prohibited 1049, dispensation dated 1059, they being related by near kinship within the 7th degree) MAUD OF FLANDERS, daughter of Baudouin V, Count-Marquis of Flanders, by Adèle, daughter of Robert II, King of France [see Line B, Gen. 10 below for her parentage]. They had four sons, Robert Curthose [Duke of Normandy], Richard, William II Rufus [King of England], and Henry R] [King of England, Duke of Normandy], and five daughters, Alice (or Adelise) (nun at St Léger in Préaux), Cecily [Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen], Maud, Constance (wife of Alan IV, Count of Brittany), and Adèle (wife of Étienne Henri, Count of Blois). In 1051 William visited England and probably received from his childless cousin, King Edward the Confessor, a promise of the English succession. According to Norman writers, Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinesson (later King Harold), who accidentally visited the Norman court in 1064 or 1065, swore an oath to support William's claim to the throne of England. However, when Edward died (5 Jan. 1066), Harold was hastily anointed king (6 Jan 1066) and was accepted by the English nobility. On 28 Sept. 1066 William landed at Pevensey with his army and defeated Harold's forces in the Battle of Hastings (14 October 1066). William was crowned King of England 25 Dec. 1066. He invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081. He spent most of his time in Normandy, but returned to England each time when it was absolutely necessary. In 1082 William imprisoned his half-brother Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, on a charge of disloyalty. His wife, Maud, died 2 Nov. 1083, and was buried at Sainte-Trinité in Caen. Her tombstone with inscription carved round the edge has survived. In 1085 William brought a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV of Denmark, but it never occurred. One of the most important deeds of William in his last years was ordering of economic and tenurial survey of England, the results of which were summarized in the Domesday Book. In the summer of 1086 the Conqueror departed for the continent, where he went on a military expedition to retaliate against an invading French garrison at the border town of Mantes. He was injured while riding a horse and the ailing king was carried back to Rouen and then moved for peace and quiet to the priory of Saint Gervais outside the city. Surrounded by clergy and magnates, he apparently remained lucid until the end, which came on 9 September 1087. His corpse was transported by river and sea to Caen, where he was buried in the abbey church of Saint-Étienne.
      Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742); 129 (Extract of Chronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1083. Obiit Mathildis Regina filia Balduini II. Comitis Flandrensis, uxor Willelmi Regis Anglorum;" "Anno 1087. Obiit Willelmus Rex Anglorum Rotomagi apud S. Gervasium V. idus Septembris [9 September], qui sua magna industria & probitate omnem Angliam suæ subdiderat ditioni ..."). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecdesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "V. Id. Sept. [9 Sept.] Ob. Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]); 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 297-300. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 2957298 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. )(XXIV). De Smet Recueil des Chroniques de Flandre 1 (1837): 544 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1027: "Balduinus Pulchra Barba, comes Flandriae, filio suo Balduino, qui postea dictus est Pius, Athelam, filiam Roberti regis Francorum, accipit uxorem. Ex qua nati sunt Balduinus Montensis et Robertus Friso et Lila Mathildis, quae postea nupsit Wilhelmo, filio Roberti ducis Normanniae, qui postea in Angliam transfretans cans debellavit"), 552 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1047: "Wilhelmus, dux Normanniae, uxorem duxit Mathildem filiam Balduini comitis Flandriae, quae postea peperit ei Wilhelmum, postmodum regem Angliae."). Bulkleley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247. Duncan Dukes of Normandy (1839). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 1-134 (biog. of Matilda of Flanders). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxx (Alice [Duchess of Burgundy] styled "aunt" [amita] by King William in charter dated 1080). Giles Chronicon Anglia Petriburgense (1845): 45 (sub A.D. 1035: "Robertus dux Normanniæ obiit in peregrinatione Jerusolymitana, a camerario suo potionatus: successit filius ejus Willelmus Bastard, annorum septem puer, tutelæ Henrici regis Franciæ commendatus.")."). Le Prévost Notes pour server à la Topographie et à l'Histoire des Communes du Déartement de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Augustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Set.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "frattis" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Lépinois & Merlet Cartulaire de Notre-Dame de Chartres 3 (1865): 172 (Necrologium B.M. Carnutensis: V Idus Septembris [9 September] - "Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 182-183, 284-285. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (Rolls Ser. 45) (1866): 294-295 (Judith [of Lens], wife of Earl Waltheof, styled "king's kinswoman" [consanguineam regis] [i.e., kinswoman of King William the Conqueror]). Wauters Table Chronologique des Chartes et Diplômés Imprimis 1 (1866): 575. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1876). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1881): 228 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: Adelaide, wife of Robert son of Giroie, styled "kinswoman" [consobrina] of King William the Conqueror), 234 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: William Fitz Osbern styled "kinsman and steward" [cognatus et Dapifer] of Duke William [afterwards King William the Conqueror]), 246-247 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Sexto: Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Heugleville] styled "kinsman" [consanguineus] of King William the Conqueror; Beatrix, daughter of Christian de Valenciennes, and wife of Gulbert [d’Auffay or de Huegleville], styled "kinswoman" of Queen Maud of Flanders [Mathildis Reginæ consobrina]). Arch. Jour. 41 (1884): 300-312 (author provides conclusive evidence that Gundred, wife of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, was not the daughter of William the Conqueror or his wife, Maud of Flanders). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 3-5 (seal of King William the Conqueror - Obverse. The king on horseback to the right, in coat of mail and conical helmet and spurred; in his right hand a long lance with three streamers; in his left hand a kite-shaped shield, held by a strap, showing the interior. Horse trappings: a small, plain saddle, and stirrup, breast-band, girth, and head-gear. 'Legend: + HOC • NORMANNORVM • WILLEMVM • NOSCE • PATRONVM • S[I] between two dotted circles. Reverse. The king, enthroned, with a crown fleury of three tre-foiled points, and loose robe falling in folds between the knees, with arms and feet apparently bare; both arms extended and raised from the elbow; in his right hand a sword erect; in his left hand an orb, surmounted by a tall cross pattée fitchée. Throne without back; cushions on the seat; the base having three small arches, which rest on a plinth also having arches in nearly vertically corresponding positions. Legend: + HOC • ANGLIS • REGE[M S]IGNO • [FATEARIS • EVNDEM] between two dotted circles. The legends, taken together, form a distich.). Stubbs Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis regum Anglorum (Rolls Series) (1887-9). Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain du XIe Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 175 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "v id. sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum ..."), 180 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - “ii kal. nov. [31 October] Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina ..."), 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum ..."). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): ccxli (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible: 9 Sept. - "Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus rex Anglorum major."), 422 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "1 Nov. [Obiit] Malthildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannnotum."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Nov. [Obiit] Mathildis, regina Anglorum."). Compte-rendu des Séances de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 5th Ser. 9 (1898): 142-180 (sub Comtes de Flandre). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 9-11. Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 498-499; 86 (1971): 225-250. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 240 (Obituaire of Prieure de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et princeps Normanie, v idus sept. [9 Sept] [1087]."), 660 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallee: "[3 Nov.] III non. Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina [1083]."). D.N.B. 21(1909): 293-301 (biog. of William the Conqueror, King of England). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 189-191 (sub A.D. 1075 and 1076: Earl Roger [i.e., Roger, Earl of Hereford] styled "kinsman" of King William the Conqueror), 212 (sub A.D. 1096: William [Count] of Eu styled "king's kinsman."). Bishop & Chaplais Facsimiles of English Royal Writs to A.D. 1100 (1957). Stenton Bayeux Tapestry (1957). Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961). Galbraith Making of Domesday Book (1961). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Musset Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et de la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbayes Caennaises (1967). Barlow Edward the Confessor (1979). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). Bates Normandy before 1066 (1982). L. Musset "La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinite de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)" in Mémoire de l’Académie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen 21 (1984): 191-210. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 5,81. Wilson Bayeux Tapestry (1985). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166 (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.228, XI.415-X1423, XII.18. Bates William the Conqueror (1989). Fleming Kings & Lords in Conquest England (1991). Van Houts Costa Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni (1992-5). Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 140 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "5 Idus Sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Willelmus rex Anglorum."), 144 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "4 Non. Nov. [2 November]. Obiit Matilda regina.."). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Davis & Chibnall Costa Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (1997). Bickley Regesta Regum Anglo-Normanorum: The Acta of William I 1066-1087 (1998): 49, 342, 381, 466, 885, 893, 920 (instances of Edward the Confessor, King of England, styled "my kinsman" [yneges mines mæg/cognatus meus/consanguineus meus" by William the Conqueror, King of England). Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies .?0(1. (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Roffe Domesday: The Inquest & the Book (2000). Anglo-Norman Studies XXV (2003): 1-18. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).”