| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“WILLIAM the Conqueror, Duke (or Count) of Normandy, 1035-87, King of England, 1066-87, illegitimate son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, by his mistress, Axlette (or Herleve) [see Appendix, Line A for his ancestry]. He was probably born at Falaise 1027-28. In 1046-7 William's right to be duke was attacked by his cousin, Guy, count of Brionne. Guy and his associates were defeated by an army led by William and the French king Henri I to the south-west of Caen at Val-es-Dunes. In 1049 William joined the French king's campaign against Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, taking part in the successful siege of the castle of Mouliheme near Angers. He married about 1050 (marriage prohibited 1049, dispensation dated 1059, they being related by near kinship within the 7th degree) MAUD OF FLANDERS, daughter of Baudouin V, Count-Marquis of Flanders, by Adele, daughter of Robert II, King of France [see Appendix, Line B for her ancestry]. They had four sons, Robert Curthose puke of Normandy], Richard, William II Rufus [King of England], and Henry [I] [King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin], and five daughters, Alice (or Adelise) (nun at St Leger in Preaux), Maud, Constance, Cecily [Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen], and Adele (wife of Etienne Henri, Count of Blois). In 1051 William visited England and probably received a promise of the English succession from his childless cousin, King Edward the Confessor. According to Norman writers, King Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinesson (later King Harold), who visited the Norman court in 1064 or 1065, swore an oath to support William's claim to the throne of England. However, when King Edward died (5 Jan 1066), Harold was hastily anointed king (6 Jan 1066) and was accepted by the English nobility. On 28 September 1066 William landed at Pevensey with his army and defeated Harold's forces in the Battle of Hastings 14 October 1066. William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey 25 December 1066 by Aldred, Archbishop of York. He invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081. He spent most of his time in Normandy, but returned to England each time when it was absolutely necessary. In 1082 William imprisoned his half-brother, Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, on a charge of disloyalty. He was a major patron of monasteries, founding two great abbeys at St Etienne of Caen and Battle, and making donations to a host of other churches. His wife, Maud, died 2 November 1083, and was buried at Sainte-Trinite in Caen. Her tombstone with inscription carved round the edge has survived. In 1085 William brought a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV of Denmark, but it never occurred. One of the most important deeds of William in his last years was ordering of economic and tenurial survey of England, the results of which were summarized in the Domesday Book. In the summer of 1086 the Conqueror departed for the continent, where he went on a military expedition to retaliate against an invading French garrison at the border town of Mantes. He was injured while riding a horse and the ailing king was carried back to Rouen and then moved for peace and quiet to the priory of Saint Gervais outside the city. Surrounded by clergy and magnates, he apparently remained lucid until the end, which came on 9 September 1087. His corpse was transported by river and sea to Caen, where he was buried in the Abbey church of Saint-Etienne. [For William the Conqueror's sister, Alice of Normandy, Countess of Aumale, see AUMALE 1; for his half-brother, Robert, Count of Mortain, see MORTAIN 1.]
Morice Memoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 129 (Extract of Chronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1083. Obiit Mathildis Regina filia Balduini II. Comitis Flandrensis, uxor Willelmi Regis Anglorum;" "Anno 1087. Obiit Willelmus Rex Anglorum Rotomagi apud S. Gervasium V. idus Septembris [9 September], qui sua magna industria & probitate omnem Angliam sux subdiderat ditioni ..."). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "V. Id. Sept. [9 Sept.] Ob. Willelmus Rex Anglorurn."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]); 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 297-300. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 295-298 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXXIV). De Smet Recueil des Chroniques de Flandre 1 (1837): 544 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1027: "Balduinus Pulchra Barba, comes Flandriae, filio suo Balduino, qui postea dictus est Pius, Athelam, filiam Roberti regis Francorum, accipit uxorem. Ex qua nati sunt Balduinus Montensis et Robertus Friso et filia Mathildis, quae postea nupsit Wilhelmo, filio Roberti ducis Normanniae, qui postea in Angliam transfretans eam debellavit."), 552 (Chronicomm Flandriae sub A.D. 1047: "Wilhelmus, dux Normanniae, uxorem duxit Mathildem filiam Balduini comitis Flandriae, quae postea peperit ei Wilhelmum, postmodum regem Angliae."). Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux styled "brother" [fratris] by King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1074). Duncan Dukes of Normandy (1839). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 1-134 (biog. of Matilda of Flanders). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxx (Alice [Duchess of Burgundy] styled "aunt" [amita] by King William in charter dated 1080). Giles Chronicon Anglia Petriburgense (1845): 45 (sub A.D. 1035: "Robertus dux Norrnanniæ obiit in peregrinatione Jerusolymitana, a camerario suo potionatus: successit filius ejus Willelmus Bastard, annorum septum puer, tutelæ Henrici regis Franciæ commendatus.")."). Le Prévost Notes pour servir à la Topographic et à l’Histoire des Communes du Département de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Artgustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Ser.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "fratris" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Lépinois & Merlet Cartulaire de Notre-Dame de Chartres 3 (1865): 172 (Necrologium B.M. Carnutensis: V Idus Septembris [9 September] - "Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 182-183, 284-285. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (Rolls Ser. 45) (1866): 294-295 (Judith [of Lens], wife of Earl Waltheof, styled "king's kinswoman" [consanguineam regis] [i.e., kinswoman of King William the Conqueror]). Wauters Table Chronologique des Chartes et Diplômes Imprimés 1 (1866): 575. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1881): 228 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: Adelaide, wife of Robert son of Giroie, styled "kinswoman [consobrina] of King William the Conqueror), 234 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: William Fitz Osbern styled "kinsman and steward" [cognatus et Dapifer] of King William the Conqueror), 246-247 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Sexto: Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Heugleville] styled "kinsman" [consanguineus] of King William the Conqueror, Beatrix, daughter of Christian de Valenciennes, and wife of Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Huegleville], styled "kinswoman" of Queen Maud of Flanders [Mathildis Reginæ consobrina]). Arch. Jour. 41 (1884): 300-312 (author provides conclusive evidence that Gundred, wife of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, was not the daughter of William the Conqueror or his wife, Maud of Flanders). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 3-5 (seal of King William the Conqueror - Obverse. The king on horseback to the right, in coat of mail and conical helmet and spurred; in his right hand a long lance with three streamers; in his left hand a kite-shaped shield, held by a strap, showing the interior. Horse trappings: a small, plain saddle, and stirrup, breast-band, girth, and head-gear. Legend: + HOC • NORMANNORVM • WILLEMVM • NOSCE • PATRONVM • S[I] between two dotted circles. Reverse. The king, enthroned, with a crown fleury of three tre-foiled points, and loose robe falling in folds between the knees, with arms and feet apparently bare; both arms extended and raised from the elbow; in his right hand a sword erect, in his left hand an orb, surmounted by a tall cross pattée fitchée. Throne without back; cushions on the seat; the base having three small arches, which rest on a plinth also having arches in nearly vertically corresponding positions. Legend: + HOC • ANGLIS • REGE[M • S]IGNO • [FATEARIS • EVNDEM] between two dotted circles. The legends, taken together, form a distich.). Stubbs Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis regum Anglorum (Rolls Series) (1887-9). Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain tin Xle Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 175 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Marim Carnotensis - "v id. sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum ..."), 180 (Necrologium Ecclesix Beatx Maria Camotensis - kal. nov. [31 October] Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina ..."), 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum…"). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): ccxli (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible: 9 Sept. - "Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus rex Anglorum major."), 422 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "1 Nov. [Obiit] Malthildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannnorum."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Nov. [Obiit] Mathildis, regina Anglorum."). Compte-rendu des Séances de la Commission Royale d’Histoire 5th Ser. 9 (1898): 142-180 (sub Comtes de Flandre). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 9-11. Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 498-499; 86 (1971): 225-250. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 240 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et princeps Normanie, v idus sept [9 Sept.] [1087]."), 660 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallée: "[3 Nov.] III non. Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina [1083]."). D.N.B. 21(1909): 293-301 (biog. of William the Conqueror, King of England). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 189-191 (sub A.D. 1075 and 1076: Earl Roger [i.e., Roger, Earl of Hereford] styled "kinsman" of King William the Conqueror), 212 (sub A.D. 1096: William [Count] of Eu styled "king's kinsman."). Bishop & Chaplais Facsimiles of English Royal Writs to AD. 1100 (1957). Stenton Bayeux Tapestry (1957). Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961). Galbraith Making of Domesday Book (1961). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Musset Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et de la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbeyes Caennaises (1967). Barlow Edward the Confessor (1979). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). Bates Normandy before 1066 (1982). L. Musset "La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinité de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)" in Mémoire de l’Academie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen 21 (1984): 191-210. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 5 (sub Flanders), 79 (sub Normandy), 81 (sub England). Wilson Bayeux Tapestry (1985). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England 1066-1166 (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.228, XI.415-XI.423, XII.18. Bates William the Conqueror (1989). Fleming Kings & Lords in Conquest England (1991). Van Houts Costa Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni (1992-5). Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 140 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "5 Idus Sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Willelmus rex Anglorum."), 144 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "4 Non. Nov. [2 November]. Obiit Matilda regina…"). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Davis & Chibnall Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (1997). Bickley Regesta Regum Anglo-Normanorum: The Acta of William I 1066-1087 (1998): 49, 342, 381, 466, 885, 893, 920 (instances of Edward the Confessor, King of England, styled "my kinsman" [yneges mines mæg/ cognatus meus/ consanguineus meus" by William the Conqueror, King of England). Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Roffe Domesday: The Inquest & the Book (2000). Anglo-Norman Studies XXV (2003): 1-18. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
Children of William the Conqueror, by Maud of Flanders:
i. ROBERT (nicknamed “Curthoseâ€), Duke of Normandy, son and heir, born about 1054. He married in Italy in Sept. 1100 SIBYL OF CONVERSANO, daughter of Goffredo (or Geoffroi), Count of Conversano and Brindisi. They had one son, William “Clito†[Count of Flanders]. By an unknown mistress (or mistresses), he had two illegitimate sons, Richard and William (or Guillaume) [lord of Tortosa], and one illegitimate daughter, ___ (wife of Hélie [or Elias] de Saint-Saëns). His wife, Sibyl, died 18 (or 21) March 1103. ROBERT, Duke of Normandy, died in prison at Cardiff 10 (or 11) Feb. 1134, and was buried before the altar in the abbey church of St. Peter, Gloucester. Mémoires de la Société des Antiquaires de la Morinie 4 (1839): lxxv. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 576 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "1 Feb. [Obiit] Robertus, comes Normannorum."), 577 ("18 Mart. [18 March] [Obiit] Sebille, comitissa Normannorum."). Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "[Obiit] Sibilla, comitissa Normannie XII kal. apr. [21 March]"). D.N.B. 16 (1909): 1235-1242 (biog. of Robert, Duke of Normandy). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.415, XII.643, XII.643a-XII.643c. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.). Aird Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy (2011).
ii. RICHARD, 2nd son, born about 1055, died 1069-74. Douglas William the Conqueror (1964): Appendix C, 393. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.418. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
iii. WILLIAM “Rufus,†3rd son, born about 1060. He succeeded his father in 1087 as king of England; Normandy and Maine passed to his elder brother, Robert. He was crowned at Westminster 26 Sept. 1087. From 1096 to 1100 he held the duchy of Normandy in pledge but was never duke. WILLIAM II, King of England, was killed in the New Forest 2 August 1100, being shot by an arrow from his own men in hunting. He was buried in Winchester Cathedral, Hampshire. Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & all Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "Kal. Aug. [1 August]. Ob. Guillelmus Rex Anglorum"). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 182-183, 285-286. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 14 (confirmation charter of King William II dated 1095-1100). D.N.B. 21 (1909): 301-306 (biog. of William II, King of England). Barlow William Rufus (1983). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.419. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
iv. HENRY, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin [see below].
v. ALICE (or ADILIDEM, ADILIDE, ADELIZA) OF ENGLAND, nun at St Léger in Preaux. She died in 1073. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 14-16 (biog. of Adeliza, or Adelaide of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Steele (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain du XIe Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum ..."). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Lasteyrie Etudes sur la Sculpture française au Moyen Age (1902): 7. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.416. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
vi. MAUD OF ENGLAND. In 1086 Geoffrey held Hatch Warren, Hampshire of the king for the service which he performed for Maud the king's daughter. She died 26 April, year unknown, Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 16-33 (biog. of Matilda of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Ob. Mathildis, filia Willelmi regis Anglorum, vi kal. maii [26 April"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda (author states Maud was not first Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen as Delisle believed). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
vii. CONSTANCE OF ENGLAND. She married in 1086 (as his 1st wife) ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, son and heir of Hoe!, Count (or Duke) of Nantes, by Hawise, daughter of Alan III, Count (or Duke) of Brittany. They had no issue. He succeeded his father as Duke in 1084. In 1088 his wife, Countess Constance, confirmed to Quirnperlé Abbey certain domains that her husband previously had given them. His wife, Constance, died 13 August 1090, and was buried in the church of St. Melans near Rhedon in Brittany. He married (2nd) ERMENGARDE OF ANJOU, divorced wife of Guillaume IX, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Poitou, and daughter of Fulk (or Foulques) IV "le Rechin," Count of Anjou, by his 1st wife, Hildegarde, daughter of Lancelin [II] de Baugency. They had two sons, Conan [III] “le Gros†[Duke of Brittany] [see BRITTANY 3] and Geoffroi, and one daughter, Hawise (wife of Baudouin VII, Count of Flanders). He accompanied Robert, Duke of Normandy, to the Holy Land in 1096. He abdicated in c.1114-16 in favor of his son, Conan, and subsequently became a monk at Redon Abbey. ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, died 13 October 1119. Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 101-103, 453 (charter of Alan, Duke of Brittany to St. Georges Abbey), 463 (Duke Alan and his wife, Constance, listed as witnesses to a charter dated 8 Dec. 1086 of Giron son of Ansketil to Saint-Florent), 464 (charter of Constance, Countess of Brittany, daughter of William King of England to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names her husband, Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoel), 464 (epitaph of Constance, Countess of Brittany found in 1672 which reads: "Concurrente uno Idus Aug. [13 August] Obiit Constantia Britanniae Comitissa Alani Fergens conjux nobilissima, Willielmi Regis Anglorum filia."), 464-465 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Count of Brittany, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 465-467 (judgment dated 1089 regarding a difference of the monks of Redon with the chaplains of Count Alan and his wife, Countess Constance), 507 (charter dated 1101 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, his 2nd wife, Ermengarde, and their son, Conan), 525 (charter of Alan, Count of Brittany, and his 2nd wife, Countess Ermengarde, to the nuns of Fontevrault), 527. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 23-33 (biog. of Constance of England). Analysis of the Domesday Book of the County of Norfolk (1858): 9-12. Jausions Histoire abrégée de la Ville et de l’Abbaye de Redon (1864): 56-60. Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 221, 285-286. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 12 (1877): 559 (Ex Chronico Brittanico Altero: sub MLXXXVIII [A.D. 1088]. "Alanus [Fergent] duxit Constantiam filiam Regis Guillelmi Anglorum in uxorem."; sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "Obiit Constantia Alani conjux nobilissirna sine liberis."; sub MCXIX [A.D. 1119]. "Obiit Alanus Fergent pater Conani."), 562 (Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensi: sub MLXXXVII [A.D. 1087]. "Alanus [Fergent] Hoeli Consulis filius duxit uxorem Constantiam Guillehni Regis Anglorum filiam.", sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "[Idibus Aug.] [13 Aug.] "Constantia Cornitissa obiit, Regis Anglorum filia."; sub MCXX [A.D. 1120]. "Obiit Alanus Fergant junior filius Hoelis Comitis, III. Idus Octobris [13 Oct.]."). Paris Guillaume de Tyr et ses Continuateurs, Texte français (1880): 2 ("Ermenjart [of Anjou], qui premierement fu femme Guillaume le conte de Poitiers; mès il la leissa contre le comandement de sainte Eglise et de la loi de mariage, et li cuens de Bretaigne la prist et espousa. Si en engendra Conain qui pins fe cuens de Bretaigne, et le clamoit-l'en Conain le Gros."). Bull. & Memoires de la Société Archéologique du Departement d'Ille-et-Vilaine 17 (1885): 44-45 (charter dated 1084 of Count Alan, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 51-52 (charter dated 1086 of Alan Fergent, Count of Brittany to Saint-Florence Priory), 52-56 (sale of lands by Count Alan to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé dated before 1088; charter names his parents, Count Hoel and Hadeuguis), 56-67 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, and Constance his wife to Saint-Florent), 59-60 (charter dated 1096 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoe!, to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names his uncle [avunculi] Benoit, Bishop of Nantes), 61-69. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.420, XII.40. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
viii. CECILY (or CECILE) OF ENGLAND, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen. She died 30 July 1126. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 1-14 (biog. of Cecilia of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 224 ("Abbatissa gregis Cecilia filia regis"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.417. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
ix. ADELE (or ALA) OF ENGLAND, married ETIENNE HENRI, Count of Blois, Chartres, Chateaudun, Meaux, Provins, Sancerre, and Troyes [see BLOIS 2].â€
2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“HENRY nicknamed “Beauclerc,†King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin, 4th son, born in 1068 or 1069. He married (1st) 11 Nov. 1100 MAUD OF SCOTLAND, daughter of Malcolm III (CeannMor), King of Scots, by his 2nd wife, [Saint] Margaret, daughter of Edward Ætheling [see SCOTLAND 1 for her parentage]. She was born in 1079. They had one son, William, and one daughter, Maud. His wife, Maud, died at Westminster 1 May 1118. He married (2nd) at Windsor, Berkshire 29 Jan. 1121 ALICE (or AELIZ, ALEIDE, ALEYDA, AELIDIS, ADELIDE, ADELIDIS, ADELAIDIS, ADELIZA, ADELIZE, ATHELICE) OF LOUVAIN, daughter of Gottfried (or Godefroy) I, Duke of Lower Lorraine, Count of Louvain, by his 1st wife, Ida, daughter of Otto II, Count of Chiny. She was born about 1103. They had no issue. By various mistresses, he had eight illegitimate sons, Robert [Earl of Gloucester], Richard, Fulk, Reynold [Earl of Cornwall], Robert, Gilbert, William de Tracy, and Henry, and nine illegitimate daughters, Maud (or Mathilde) (wife of Rotrou II, Count of Perche), Alice, Maud (or Mathilde) (wife of Conan III, Duke of Brittany), Juliane (wife of Eustache de Pacy, seigneur of Breteuil and Pacy), Mabel (wife of Guillaume Gouet, seigneur of Montmirail), Constance (wife of Roscelin de Beaumont), Aline (wife of Mathieu de Montmorency), Sibyl (wife of Alexander I, King of Scots), and Isabel.* HENRY I, King of England died at Lyons-la-Forêt (near Rouen), Normandy 1 Dec. 1135, and was buried at Reading Abbey, Berkshire. His widow, Alice, married (2nd) after Dec. 1136 but later than summer 1139 WILLIAM D'AUBENEY, Earl of Lincoln, afterwards 1st Earl of Arundel (or Sussex), hereditary Chief Butler of England, Privy Councillor to King Henry I [see CLIFTON 3]. They had four sons, William [2nd Earl of Arundel or Sussex], Reiner, Henry, and Godfrey, and two daughters, Alice (wife of Jean I, Count of Eu and Alvred de Saint Martin) and Olive. He was a witness to King Stephen's 2nd Charter of Liberties in 1136. He was created Earl of Lincoln c.1138. He gave shelter to Empress Maud at Arundel Castle in 1139, but afterwards adhered to King Stephen. His earldom was transferred from Lincoln to Sussex before Christmas 1141. In his own later charters he is styled Earl of Chichester. About 1145 he witnessed a charter of Henry Hussey as "Consul Willelmo de Cicesterr." His wife, Alice, presented to the prebend of West Dean in 1150. Alice, dowager Queen of England, died as a nun at Affligem Abbey in Brabant 25 (or 26) March 1151, and was buried at Reading Abbey, Berkshire. He was influential in arranging the treaty of 1153, whereby the Crown continued with King Stephen for life, though the inheritance thereof was secured to Henry II. He subscribed his name to this instrument as "Comes Cicestrie." By grant dated c.1155, King Henry II confirmed to him as "William, Earl of Arundel" the Castle of Arundel, with the whole honour of Arundel and all its appurtenances. He served as Joint Ambassador to France and to the Pope in 1163/4. He served as Chief Ambassador with Princess Maud to Germany in 1168. He was appointed joint Commander of the royal army in Normandy in 1173. In Sept. 1173 he assisted in the defeat near Bury St. Edmunds of the Earl of Leicester. He founded Buckenham Abbey, Norfolk and Pynharn Priory, Sussex. WILLIAM D'AUBENEY, 1st Earl of Arundel (or Sussex), died at Waverley Abbey, Surrey 4 (or 12) October 1176, and was buried at Wymondham Priory, Norfolk.
[Footnote *: In 1824 the Scottish historian Chalmers stated that King Henry I of England had an illegitimate daughter, Elizabeth, who married Fergus, lord of Galloway (died 1161). [see Chalmers Caledonia 3 (1824): 250, footnote k ("Fergus [lord of Galloway] ... was a prince of some note, even at the court of Henry I. of England, is certain : as he took to wife, according to the heralds, genealogists, and chroniclers, Elizabeth, the natural daughter of Henry I.")]. Scots Peerage 4 (1907): 135-136 (sub Galloway), however, debunked Chalmers' statement, noting that the authorities quoted by Chalmers "do not bear out his assertion." Even so, other secondary sources have continued to repeat Chalmers' unfounded claim: See, for example, Mackenzie History of Galloway (1841): 167-172 ("Fergus ... married Elizabeth, illegitimate daughter of Henry I. of England"); Anderson Scottish Nation 2 (1862): 195 ("Fergus, lord of Galloway ... married Elizabeth, illegitimate daughter of Henry I. of England ..."); M'Kerlie Galloway in Ancient & Modern Times (1891): 155 ("It is necessary to repeat here that Fergus married Elizabeth, the natural daughter of King Henry I. of England."); Maxwell Hist. of Dumfries & Galloway (1896): 47-48 ("Fergus ... married Elizabeth, natural daughter of Henry I., and sister of Sibilla, who married Alexander I., brother of David."); Ramsay Angevin Empire (1903): 90, footnote 7 ("Gunfrith [i.e., Godred] was son of Olaf, by Afreca, daughter of Fergus of Galloway, by 'Elisabeth,' reputed natural daughter of Henry I."); Oram Lordship of Galloway (2000): 60; Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart). Barrow Robert Bruce (1965): 36, footnote 2 notes that "Roger Howden calls Uchtred son of Fergus of Galloway a cousin of King Henry II (Gesta Henrici Secundi Benedicti Abbatis, ed. Stubbs, Rolls Ser., i, 80)," a relationship which Professor Barrow states "is best explained on the supposition that Fergus married a bastard daughter of Henry I." However, given that King Henry II of England had a Scottish grandmother, a more likely explanation of the kinship between the Galloway and English royal families is that the wife of Fergus was near related to the Scottish royal family, possibly being a sister of William Fitz Duncan, whose grandfather was Malcolm Canmore, King of Scots [died 1093]. This arrangement would make Uchtred son of Fergus and King Henry II of England related in the 3rd degree of kindred (or second cousins).]
D'Achery Spicilegium 10 (1671): 612-613 (Continuatio Chronici Afflegemiensis: "Filia præfati Ducis Aleidis juncta matrimonio Regi Angliæ, post obitum secundi con jugis Afflegemiensis Claustri solitudinem ad reliquum vitæ ad humandum corpus elegit in domo turti Ecclesiæ contigua, cum una aut akera ancilla in Fratrum Afflegemiensiurn quieta taciturna multitudine solitaria habitavit, & beato fine quievit, de qua epitaphium: Aleidis Regina Anglim, filia Ducis Godefridi cum barba, Regnum suscepit in Anglia an MCXXI. obiit 9 Kal. Maii [23 April], sepulta è regione horologii nostri."). Rawlinson Hist. & Antiqs. of the City, and Cathedral-Church of Hereford (1717): Addenda, 30 (Kalendar of Obits: "IIII Non. December [2 December]. Obitus Henrici Regis."). Brooke Discoverie of Certaine Errours (1724): 32-34. Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 130 (Extract of Cronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1135. Obiit Henricus I. Rex Anglorum in prima die Decembris, cum regnasset annis 35. & 4 mensibus."). Brequigny & Mouchet Table Chronologique des Diplômes, Chartes, Titres ... concernant l’Histoire de France 3 (1783): 236 (charter dated c.1155 of Alice Queen of the English [Adelaidis reginæ Anglorum]). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: Kal. Maii [25 April]. Ob. Alexander Rex Scottorum et Soror ejus Matildis Regina Anglorum."), 218 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "IV. Non. Dec. [2 December] Ob Henricus Rex Anglorum."). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Norrnands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXI)). Tierney Hist. & Antiqs. of the Castle & Town of Arundel 1 (1834): 169-179. Michel Histoire des Ducs de Normandie et des Rois D'Angleterre (1840): 69 ("Li rois Henrie, quant la roine Mehaus fu morte, prist à feme Aalis, la fille Godefroi le duc de Louvaing, la cousine Wistasse [Eustace] de Bouloigne; mais n'en ot nul enfant. Si ot-il de bas .vj. Ills et .vij. fines"). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 135-211 (biog. of Matilda of Scotland), 212-256 (biog. of Adelicia of Louvaine). Barrett Memorials of the parochial Church ... in the Parish of Attleborough (1848): 12-41. Thorpe Florentii Wigorniensis Monachi Chronicon ex Chronicis 2 (1849): 74 (Maud [of Blois], Countess of Chester, styled "niece" to King Henry I of England [neptis regis1). Ordericus Vitalis Ecclesiastical Hist. of England & Normandy 3 (1854): 482 (Roger Fitz Roger and Walter d'Aufay [Aufai] styled "cousins" to King Henry I at Battle of Bremule in 1119 by Ordericus Vitalis). Arch. Journal 20 (1863): 283 ("Adeliza appears to have used the identical matrux of the seal which had belonged to the first queen of Henry I., the name-Aalidis-having been substituted for Matli[Idis), 287-288 (charter of Queen Alice [Aelidis regina] ... There is appended ... a pointed oval seal of white wax .... device, a female figure standing ... The legend is + SIGILLVM • AALIDIS • SECVND[AE • DE]I • GRACIA • REGINAE • ANGLIE.), 288-289 (charter of Queen Alice [A. Dei gracia Regina]); 22 (1865): 152-153 (charter of William [d'Aubeney], Earl of Lincoln; charter names Queen Alice his wife [regina Adelidis]). Sussex Arch. Colls. 15 (1863): 112-113. Luard Annales Monastici 1 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1864): 14 (Margam Annals sub 1151: "Obiit Adelidis, regina secunda Henrici regis."); 3 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1866): 433 (Bermondsey Annals sub A.D. 1121: "Hoc anno rex Henricus primus duxit Adelizam, filiam ducis Lovaniae, in uxorem, tertio nonas Februarii [3 February]."). Burke Gen. Hist, of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited & Extinct Peerages (1866): 2-3 (sub Albini, Earls of Arundel). Jour. British Arch. Assoc. (1867): 21-33 ("In the Register of the Priory of Bromhale, we find the record of his death under the date of the 4th day of October, 22nd of Henry II (A.D. 1176), in the following words, `obiit Willielmus Comes Arundel' (no mention of Sussex or Chichester), et `sepultus est in prioratus de Wymondham.’"). Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptorum 20 (1868): 67 (Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, Liber X: Roger Fitz Richard [de Clare) styled "kinsman" [cognatus) of King Henry I of England). Somménil Chronicon Valassense (1868): 20, 104-108 (discusses evidence that King Henry I had an illegitimate daughter, Maud (or Mathilde)/Almodis, who was Abbess of Montivilliers). Ellis Antiqs. of Heraldry (1869): 206-207 (Aubigny ped.). Lower Compendious Hist. of Sussex 1 (1870): 70 (Robert de Haia, founder of Boxgrove Priory, styled "king's kinsman" [consanguineus] of King Henry I). Delisle Delisle Chronique de Robert de Tongni 1 (1872): 215 (sub A.D. 1139: "Invitarerat enim eos Willermus de Albinneio, qui duxerat Aeliz quondam reginam, quæ habebat castellum et comitatum Hardundel, quod rex Henricus dederat ei in dote."); 2 (1873): 63-64 ("Cessit etiam in fata Willermus de Albineio, quem vocabant comitem d'Arundel, relinquens filios quatuor, scilicet Guillermum de Albineio pritnogenitum, et alios tres natos ex Aeliza regina, uxore primi Henrici regis Anglorum."). Matthew of Paris Chronica Majora 2 (Rolls Ser. 57) (1874): 298 (sub 1176: "comes etiam Willelmus de Arundel obiit quarto idus Octobris [12 October] apud Waverle, et sepultus eat apud Wimundham, cellam scilicet ecclesiæ Sancti Albani, cujus cellæ patronus fuisse dinoscitur."). Stubbs Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury 1 (Rolls Ser.) (1879): 92 ("Obiit autem Matildis regina Anglia anno regni sui xviiio, kalendis Maii [1 May], et apud Radingas sepulta est."). Merlet Cartulaire de l’Abbaye de la Sainte-Trinite de Tiron 1 (1883): cvii-cviii (arms of Henry I, King of England, Duke of Normandy dated 1115: D'argent au cavalier d'azur). D.N.B. 1 (1885): 137-138 (biog. of Adeliza of Louvain). Doyle Official Baronage of England 1(1886): 66 (sub Arundel). Raine Historians of the Church of York and its Archbishops 2 (Rolls Ser.) (1886): 169 (History of the Four Archbishops by Hugh the Chantor - King Henry I and Pope Calixtus II were kinsmen: "Nam præter spiritualem patris et filii relationem, carnali consanguinitate propinqui erant, quorum avus et avia frater et soror fuerunt." (Note: Pope Calixtus II was a younger son of William I, Count of Burgundy, whose mother Alice was daughter of Richard II, Duke of Normandy]). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 5-8 (seal of King Henry I - Obverse. King, seated in majesty, in an undercoat with sleeves tight at wrists, and loose skirts reaching below knees; and long flowing cloak fastened at throat and spreading out behind, which has a border, with indications of a fur of symmetrical pattern. On the head a cap-shaped crown, with three fleurs-de-lis, one at top and one at either side, and two chin-straps hanging loosely at sides, the ends having buckles in shape of trefoils. In right hand, extended outwards from elbow, a sword is held almost perpendicularly. In left hand, similarly extended, an orb, ensigned with a long cross pattee pommettee. Throne, apparently square, and closely resembling that of William II.; the centre curves with a bold cusp inwards, with a string-course, and is the narrowest part. In lower of two compartments thus made, is a footboard, not enough remaining to show original size. On throne a flat cushion with square edge, carrying at each end a hemispherical ornament, intended for pillow. Reverse. King, hauberk of chain-mail; conical helmet, having a blunt point at crown of head, and perhaps armed with projecting nose-piece; single pointed spur of goad form; long lance to which is attached a banner, charged with cross moline, and three pairs of waving streamers. No indication of sword. In left hand, held by interior strap, a kite-shaped shield, seen from within. The horse is walking to the right hand, caparisoned with breast-band, which is ornamented by five globular pendants equi-distant. Saddle of small dimensions; with stirrups. The loosely gathered reins are held up in left hand, which also sustains shield. Legend: + HENRIC' D... ... ...). Round "An Unknown Mistress of Henry I." in Eng. Hist. Rev. 5 (1890): 745-746. Luard Flores Historiarum 2 ((Rolls Ser.) 1890): 69 ("Anno gratix MCLIo [1151]. Obiit Adelicia regina, uxor regis Stephani;" the editor notes that the name "Stephani" is erased in Ch. and altered to "Henrici I."). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 40-43. Recueil des Historiens des Castles et de la France 23 (1894): 471 (Ex Obituariis Lirensis Monasterii: "25 Mart. Obiit Adelicia regina."), 476 (Ex Necrologio Monasterii Crucis Sancti Leufredi: "25 Mart. [Obiit] Adeliza, regina Anglorum."), 578 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "1 Mali. [Obiit] Matildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "12 Oct. [Obiit] Guillelmus, comes de Arundel."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "1 Dec. [Obiit] Henricus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Napier & Stevenson Crawford Coll. of early Charters & Docs. now in the Bodleian library (1895): 31 (William [d'Aubeney], Earl of Chichester dated c.1150; charter names his wife, Queen Alice [regina Adelide]). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible), ccxxxviii (2 May - "Matildis regina uxor Henrici regis."), ccxlii (2 Dec. - "Henricus, pacificus rex Anglorum."). Trans. East Herts Arch. Soc. 1(1) (1901): 129-135 (charter of Queen Alice widow of King Henry I dated 1136 [Adelidis regina uxor nobillisimi regis Henrici & filia Godefridi ducis lotharingie]. C.C.R. 1227-1231 (1902): 530 (confirmation of gift of Alice, formerly Queen of England). Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 1(1) (Recueil des Historiens de la France, Obituaires 1) (1902): 316 (Abbaye de Saint-Denis: "kal. Maius [1 May] Ob. Matildis, Anglorum regina [1118]."), 523 (Prieure de Longpont: "kaL maii. [1 May] [obit.] Maltidis, Anglorum regina [1118]."). Warner & Ellis Facsimiles of Royal & Other Charters in the British Museum 1 (1903): #14 (charter of William [de Albini], Earl of Lincoln dated c.1139-40; charter names his wife, Queen Adeleidis), #27 (charter of William [de Albini], Earl of Chichester dated 1151-2; charter names his wife, Queen Athelice). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Eng. Hist. Rev. 21(1906): 505-509. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 241 (Obituaire of Prieure de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Henricus, rex Anglorum, frater noster, III nonas decembris [3 Dec.] [1135]."), 661 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallée: 12 Dec.] IIII non. Obiit Henricus, Anglorum rex [1135], ecclesiarum amator praecipuus."). Scots Peerage 4 (1907): 135-136 (sub Galloway) ("[Fergus, lord of Galloway] is said to have married Elizabeth, the youngest daughter of King Henry I. of England, but the authorities quoted by Chalmers, who makes the statement, do not bear out his assertion."). D.N.B. 1 (1908): 137-138 (biog. of Adeliza of Louvain). Urseau Cartulaire Moir de la Cathédrale d'Angers (1908): 167-168 (charter of King Henry I dated c.1111=20). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 217 (sub A.D. 1100: Maud of Scotland, 1st wife of King Henry I, styled "kinswoman to king Edward [the Confessor] and of the true royal race of England."), 239-240 (sub A.D. 1127: Henry [de Pouilly-sur-Saone], Abbot of Saint-Jean of Angély (in Poitou), afterwards Abbot of Peterborough styled "kinsman" [mæi] of [Henry I] King of England and [Guillaume] Count of Poitou) [see also Earle and Plummer Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel 1 (1892): 257; English Hist. Rev. 84 (1969): 548-5601. CP. 1 (1910): 233-235, 237 (chart) (sub Arundel); 11 (1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Round King's Serjeants & Officers of State (1911): 140-165. English Hist. Rev. 34 (1919): 303-382. Farrer Outline Itinerary of King Henry 1 (1920). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) XI 112. Rübel-Blass (1939) 257 (biographical information). G.H. White "Henry I's Illegitimate Children," in C.P. 11 (1949), Appendix D, 105-121. Leys Sandford Cartulary 2 (Oxfordshire Rec. Soc. 22) (1941): 216. Johnson et al. Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum, 1066-1154 2 (1956): 148 (John [son of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent], a royal chaplain, styled "kinsman" [cognatus] of King Henry I of England in charter dated 1117-19). C.R.R. 12 (1957): 157-158 (Sibyl de Falaise, wife of Baldwin de Bolers, styled "kinswoman" [nepte] of King Henry I of England). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Davis King Stephen (1967): 137 ("[King] Stephen recognized three successive earls of Lincoln ... The first was William d'Aubigny pincerna who married Queen Adeliza, widow of King Henry I, and in her right became lord of the honour and castle of Arundel. He styles himself William Earl of Lincoln in three charters in which his identity is proved by references to his wife. They are in favour of Lewes Priory and the abbeys of Reading and Affligem-and in the case of Affligem there is also a charter of Adeliza referring to her husband as earl of Lincoln (Round, Geoffrey de Mandeville 3245; Warner and Ellis, Facsimiles, no. 14; E. de Marneffe, Cartulaire de l’abbaye de Affligem in Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclesiastique de la Belgique, 2o section, pp. 104,106). In royal charters it is usually impossible to distinguish him from his successor, William de Roumare, since the normal style of both was Willelmus comes de Lincolnia, or (before he was an earl) from his father, William d'Aubignypincerna, who died before June 1139 (Reg. iii. 973). If Robert de Torigny is right (Chronicles iv. 137) William had married Adeliza by September 1139, and it is tempting to assume that it was on his marriage that he was made earl of Lincoln, his connection with that county being that his mother, Maud Bigod, was a grand-daughter, and possible co-heiress, of Robert de Tosny of Belvoir. We do not know precisely when he was transferred from Lincoln to Sussex, but it was certainly by Christmas 1141 when he attested a charter as Comite Willelmo de Sudsexa (Reg. iii. 276)."). Chibnall Ecclesiastical Hist. of Orderic Vitalis (Oxford Medieval Texts, 1969-80): 317 (Vol. VI, Book XII - Henry [de Pouilly-sur-Saone] styled "kinsman" [cognato] of King Henry I of England) [see English Hist. Rev. 84 (1969): 548-560]. Albion 10 (1978): 330-340. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 1 (1980): 95 (sub Hainault, Brabant); 2 (1984): 81 (sub England); 3(2) (1983): 354 (illegitimate children of King Henry I of England). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166 (1986). Green Government of England under Henry 1(1986). Hollister Monarchy, Magnates, & Institutions in the Anglo-Norman World (1986). Kemp Reading Abbey Cartularies 1 (Camden Soc. 4th Ser. 31) (1986): 301, 369, 476. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.1.423, XII.371, X11.644-X11.645, XIII.207. Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 136 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "7 Kal. [Apr.] [26 March]. Obiit Atheliza regina."), 130 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "Kal. Dec. [1 December]. Obiit Rex Anglorum Henricus primus."), 146 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "Kal. Dec. [1 December]. Obiit rex Anglorum Henricus i."). Haskins Soc. Jour. 7 (1995): 101-116. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 35, 57. Scottish Hirt. Rev. 75 (1996): 1-19. Vincent Acta of Henry II and Richard I Pt 2 (List and Index Soc. Special Ser. 27) (1996): 143 (confirmation c. 1172/81 of grant made by Queen Adela) (original published in Jour. of British Architetural Assoc. 17: 312). Scottish Hist. Rev. 75 (1996): 1-19. Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Hollister Henry 1(2001). Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.), 313 (Scotland ped.). Weller Die Heiratspolitik des deutschen Hochadels im 12. Jahrhundert (2004): 464-4.76 (biog. of Königin Adelheid von England) ("On page 476, Weller states: "Seine Gattin Adelheid von Lowen, die ehemalige Konigin von England, war schon 1151 wahrend des Bürgerkrieges verschieden und wurde in Reading beigesetzt ... Der Begräbnisort Kgn. Adelheids geht aus einem Schreiben Jocelins v. Löwen an Bf. Hilarius v. Chichester eindeutig hervor, vgl. Reading Abbey Cartularies 1, No. 551, 416E; s.a. Bartlett, England 596. Nicht stichhaltig ist demgegeniiber die van Sanderus, Chorographia 1, 45, verbreitete Nachricht, wonach Adelheid vor ihrem Tod in ihre Heimat übergesiedelt und im Kloster Afflighem gestoren and begraben sei; heirnach auch John Horace Round in dem Art.: Adeliza of Louvain, in DNB 1(1885): 137f.; Complete Peerage 1, 235. Allerdings ist Kgn. Adelheid als Wohltäterin von Afflighem aufgetreten unde hat dem Kloster einigen Besitz in England gestiftet; vgl. Cart. Afflighem, No. 79, 121-124 (hier 122)."). Verbeke Medieval Narrative Sources (2005): 21-36. Fleming Henry I & the Anglo-Norman World: Studies in Memory of C. Warren Hollister (2006). Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006).
Children of King Henry I of England, by Maud of Scotland:
i. WILLIAM OF ENGLAND, son and heir apparent, born in 1103. As his father's destined successor, he received the homage of the Normans barons in 1115, and that of the English witan in 1116. He married at Lisieux in May 1119 MAUD (or MATHILDE) OF ANJOU, daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou. He was with his father at the Battle of Bremule in 1119. Early in 1120 King Louis of France invested him with the duchy of Normandy. He was drowned in the wreck of the White Ship 25 Nov. 1120. Wharton Anglia Sacra (1691): 160 (Chronicon Sanctæ Crucis Edinburgensis sub A.D. 1120: "Willelmus filius Henrici Regis, & Ricardus frater ejus & Ricardus Comes de Cestria cum multis Nobilibus naufragio perierunt.â€). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. D.N.B. 21(1909): 337 (biog. of William, son of Henry I, King of England). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XII.644. Caenegem English Lawsuits from William I to Richard I 1 (Selden Soc. 106) (1990): 180-181, 192-193, 213-214. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
ii. MAUD OF ENGLAND, married (1st) HEINRICH V, King of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor; (2nd) GEOFFREY V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy [see next].
Illegitimate son of King Henry I of England, by an unknown mistress, (possibly a member of the Bohun family):
i. ROBERT FITZ ROY, Earl of Gloucester, married MABEL FITZ ROBERT [see GLOUCESTER 3].
Illegitimate sons of King Henry I of England, by his mistress, Ansfride, widow of Anskill, a knight who was a tenant of Abingdon Abbey:
i. RICHARD FITZ ROY, born before 1101. He served against the French in 1119, and was captured at Les Andelys. He was set free with his comrades by King Louis, because they had taken sanctuary in the church of Notre Dame du Grand Andely. Later the same year he was with his father at the Siege of Evreux and the Battle of Brémule. In Sept. 1119 he was sent to raise the Siege at Bréteuil. He was betrothed to Amice de Gael, daughter of Raoul, seigneur of Gael in Brittany and Bréteuil in Normandy. He was drowned immediately afterwards in the wreck of the White Ship 25 Nov. 1120. Amice subsequently married Robert of Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester [see LEICESTER 6]. Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXIX). Stevenson Chronicon Monasterii de Abington 2 (Roll Series 2) (1858): 37, 122-123. Stubbs Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury 1 (Rolls Ser.) (1879): 92 ("Alium quoque habuit filium Ricardum, et cessavit parere... Navis enim infausta qun regis gestabat filios Willelrnum et Ricardum, submersa est, periitque in scopulis Barbefluvii."). C.P. 7 (1929): 527-530 (sub Leicester); 11 (1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XII.646. Van Houts Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni 2 (1992): 248-249 (Robert de Torigny: "Ricardus autem, huius comitis uno de patre frater, cum fratre suo Willelmo in sepedicto naufiagio periit."). Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart).
ii. FULK FITZ ROY. Stevenson Chronicon Monasterii de Abington 2 (Roll Series 2) (1858): 37, 122-123. C.P. 11 (1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): 1(II.647. Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart).
Illegitimate son of King Henry I of England, by his mistress, Sibyl Corbet:
i. REYNOLD FITZ ROY, Earl of Cornwall, Sheriff of Devon, 1173-5. He married in 1140 MABEL FITZ WILLIAM, daughter of William Fitz Richard, of Cornwall. They had one son, Nicholas, and four daughters, Denise (wife of Richard de Redvers, Earl of Devon), Maud, Sarah (wife of Ademar, Vicomte of Limoges), and Emme (wife of Guy V de Laval, seigneur of Laval). By a mistress, Beatrice de Valle (or Vaux) (afterwards wife of William Briwerre, Knt.), he had an illegitimate son, Henry Fitz Count. By an unknown mistress, he also had one illegitimate son, William. He was granted the lands of William, Earl of Mortain, amounting to 215-1/2 fees in Devon and Cornwall. He was created Earl of Cornwall about April 1141. He and Robert, Earl of Leicester, were recognized by contemporaries as "the most powerful men in the kingdom." His wife, Mabel, fell into insanity in the 1140s. He witnessed a charter of Henry d'Oilly in the period, 1114-47. In 1153 he witnessed the agreement between King Stephen and Henry, Duke of Normandy [afterwards King Henry II]. He and Robert, Earl of Leicester, acted as intermediary between the king and Thomas Becket at Northampton in 1164. He played a major part in opposing the rebels of 1173-4 in England. REYNOLD FITZ ROY, Earl of Cornwall died 1 July 1175, allegedly at Chertsey, Surrey, and was buried at Reading, Berkshire. Dugdale Baronage (1675): 702 (sub Briwere) ("[William Briwere] having married Beatrix de Valle, a Concubine, as 'tis said, to Reginald Earl of Cornwall (which is probable, for in a Grant made by Henry Son to the same Reginald [Earl of Cornwall], unto this William [Briwere], of the Mannor of Karswell, and Land of Hakford, he calls him his Brother")) [Note: Dugdale evidently intended to say that Henry Fitz Count's brother was William Briwere the younger, as it was William Briwere the elder was the husband of his mother, Beatrice de Valle]. Brooke Discoverie of Certaine Errours (1724): 6, 98 (undated charter of Reynold son of King Henry to William de Botreaux son of Alice Corbet his aunt [matertera]; charter witnessed by his son, Nicholas; his nephews/kinsmen [nepotibus], Ralph and Richard, and his brother, William), 112. Topographer 2 (1790): 288-291. Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXIX). Baker Hist. & Antiqs. of Northampton 2 (1836 11): 239-240 (Bruere or Briwere ped.). Collectanea Archæologica 1(1862): 263-284. Stubbs Gesta Regis Henrici Secundi Benedicti Abbatis (or Chron. of the Reigns of Henry II. & Richard I. A.D. 1169-1192) 1 (Rolls Ser. 49) (1867): 163 ("Deditque ibidem Hereberto filio Hereberti, et Willelmo fratri comitis Reginaldi, et Joelllano de la Pumerai, nepoti eorum, regnum be Limeric pro servitio sexaginta militum"), 172 ("Nam Herbertus, et Willelmus, fratres Reginaldi comitis Cornubiae, et Joellanus de Purnetia nepos eorum, regnum illud havere noluerunt; sed illud reddiderunt domino regi et Johanni filio suo liberum et quietum ab omni calurnnia eorum"). Le Fizelier Mémoire chronologique de Maucourt de Bourjolly sur la Ville de Laval 1 (1886): 136-142. Hall Red Book of the Exchequer 1 (Rolls Ser.) (1896): 251-253 (William brother of Earl Reynold [Willelmus frater Comitis Reginaldi] held 1/2 knight's fee of Robert Fitz Roy in 1166), 261-262 (William brother of the Earl [Willelmus frater Comitis] held four knight's fees Reynold, Earl of Cornwall in 1166). Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 29 (1897): 455-456. List of Sheriffs for England & Wales (PRO Lists and Indexes 9) (1898): 34. Salter Eynsham Cartulary 1 (Oxford Hist. Soc. 49) (1907): 75. C.P. 3 (1913): 429 (sub Cornwall); 11(1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Colls. Hist. Staffs. 1924 (1926): 9, 219. English Hist. Rev. 62 (1947): 352-377 (charter of William de Marsh brother of Reynold Earl of Cornwall [Willelmus de Marisco frater Reginaldi comitis Cornubie]). Kemp Reading Abbey Cartularies (Camden 4th Ser. 33) (1987): 6 (Reynold, Earl of Cornwall, styled "uncle" [avunculo] by Henry [II], later King of England, in charter dated 1147 or 1149). Minor & Butler eds. Letters of John of Salisbury 1 (Oxford Medieval Texts) (1955): 162-163. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 3(2) (1983): 354 (illegitimate children of King Henry I of England). Hull Cartulary of Launceston Priory (Devon & Cornwall Rec. Soc. n.s. 30) (1987): 9-10 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1154-65), 10-11 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1146-55), 11 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1155-65), 195-196 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1165-75, witnessed by his son, Nicholas), 196-197 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1155-65), 197-198 (two confirmation charters of King Henry II of England naming his "uncle" [avunculus] Reynold, Earl of Cornwall, one dated c.1174-5, the other dated c.1174-6). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): 1(11.651, X111.996-1000. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 35. Hollister Henry 1(2003). Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart).Cornwall Rec. Office: Borough of Truro, BTRU/1 (charter of Reynold, Earl of Cornwall dated c.1161-66) (available at www.a2a.org.uk/search/index.asp).
Child of Reynold Fitz Roy, Earl of Cornwall, by Mabel Fitz William:
a. MAUD OF CORNWALL, married ROBERT II, Count of Meulan [see VERMANDOIS 7].
Illegitimate child of Reynold Fitz Roy, Earl of Cornwall, allegedly by Beatrice de Valle:
a. HENRY FITZ COUNT, of Liskeard, Cornwall and King's Kerswell, Devon, Constable of Totnes Castle, 1209, Governor of Portchester Castle, 1211, Sheriff of Cornwall, 1215, 1217-20, Constable of Launceston Castle and Warden of the Stanneries, 1215. In 1194 he was granted the manors of Liskeard, Cornwall and Diptford and King's Kerswell, Devon by the king. In 1196 he witnessed the Torre Abbey foundation charter issued by his alleged step-father, Sir William Briwerre. In 1215 he had a grant of the county of Cornwall from King John, to farm until the realm should be at peace. The grant was renewed by King Henry III 7 Feb. 1216/7. He resigned the county to the king in 1220, when he took the cross. HENRY FITZ COUNT died a crusader in 1222. Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Hunter Catalogue of the MSS in the library of the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn (1838): 13. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 6(2) (1846): 924 (Torre Abbey foundation charter issued by William Briwer). Oliver Monasticon Dioecesis Exoniensis (1846): 174 (charter of Henry son of Reynold Earl of Cornwall; charter granted for the souls of his brothers and his mother), 179, 183. Trans. Exeter Diocesan Architectural & Arch. Soc. 2nd Ser. 1 (1867): 133-134. Annual Rpt. of the Deputy Keeper 31(1870): 5. Rpt. & Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 29 (1897): 456. List of Sheriffs for England & Wales (PRO Lists and Indexes 9) (1898): 21. Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 9 (1902): 295-296 ("But Reginald de Dunstanville [i.e., Reynold Fitz Roy, Earl of Cornwall] had also by Beatrix de Valle (who afterwards became the wife of William Brewer, the judge of Henry II. and one of the regents of Richard I.) an illegitimate son named Henry FitzCount (sometimes FitzHenry), who became in after years also Earl of Cornwall."). Genealogist n.s. 20 (1904): 10-11. C.P. 3 (1913): 430 (sub Cornwall). Painter Reign of King John (1949): 231, 290, 348, 358-359. Hobbs Cartulary of Forde Abbey (Somerset Rec. Soc. 85) (1998): 116 (charter of Henry Fitz Count dated 1200-22; charter witnessed by William Brewer). North Devon Rec. Office: Chichester of Arlington, 50/11/29/3 (confirmation of a gift of land dated early 13th Cent. from Henry son of Earl Reginald to William de Tracy of all his land of Wollecombe [in Mortehoe] and Boklande, Devon, which William and his ancestors held of Henry and his ancestors, lords of Bradneys, as the charter of Hugh Ruffus testifies. To have and to hold to the aforesaid William, his heirs and assigns, of Henry and his heirs for ever, rendering all due and customary services. Seal of Henry son of Earl Reginald - Round, natural wax, armorial, surrounded by legend giving name of owner, chipped. The arms on shield resemble those of Courtenay family, but the Courtenays did not become Earls till 14th Cent.) (available at www.a2a.org.uk/search/index.asp). Henry III Fine Rolls Project (Baldekin styled "kinsman" of H[enry] Fitz Count in a fine roll item dated 1220; by whom he was earlier granted lands in Cornwall formerly held by Robert de Tintagel) (available at www.finerollshenry3.org.uk/content/calendar/roll_015.html).
Illegitimate children of King Henry I of England, by his mistress, Edith, daughter of Forne son of Sigulf, lord of Greystoke, Cumberland. Edith subsequently married ROBERT D'OILLY, of Hook Norton, Oxfordshire, Constable of Oxford Castle. They had two sons, Henry and Gilbert. He and his wife, Edith, founded Oseney Priory near Oxford in 1129. Robert d'Oilly died in Sept. 1142. Sometime in the period, c.1145-56, his widow, Edith, granted a toft in Huggate and 68-1/2 acres in the fields there to the poor of the Hospital of St. Peter, York. Leys Sandford Cartulary 1 (Oxfordshire Rec. Soc. 19) (1938): 50 (charter of Robert d'Oilly dated c.1139; charter granted with consent of his wife, Edith), 92 (charter of Robert d'Oilly dated before June 1139; charter granted with consent of his wife, Edith, and his son, Henry). Farrer Early Yorkshire Charters 2 (1915): 505-508, 510 (charter of Edith wife of Robert d'Oilly dated c.1145-56), 510-511 (charter of Henry d'Oilly dated c.1145-56; charter witnessed by his wife, Maud), 518-519. Hedley Northumberland Fares. (1968): 233.
i. ROBERT FITZ ROY. He held land in Devonshire in 1130. He witnessed a charter of his step-father, Robert d'Oilly, in the period, ?1130-35. He supported his half-sister, Empress Maud, in the Civil War. In the period, 1144-7, he witnessed a charter of his half-brother, Henry d'Oilly. In 1146-7 he witnessed a charter of Empress Maud and her son, Henry. About 1150 he granted 10 pounds of land in his manor of Wantage, Berkshire to the church of Oseney, with the counsel of Henry d'Oilly his half-brother. Sometime in the period, 1153-67, he witnessed a charter of Wigan of Wallingford. He married before 1162 MAUD D'AVRANCHES, widow of William de Courcy (or ?Geoffrey de Crimes?), and daughter of Robert d'Avranches, by ___, daughter of Gelduin de Dol. They had one daughter, Maud. His wife, Maud, was heiress of Richard Fitz Baldwin. In 1162 he granted St. Nicholas Priory, Exeter two ferlings of land in his manor of Calvalegie juxta Cobbalegiam, together with a man named Edwium son of Wranhi; charter was granted with with the consent of his wife, Maud d'Avranches. ROBERT FITZ ROY died 31 May 1172. His widow, Maud, died 21 Sept. 1173. Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Farms of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXIX). Coll. Top. et Gen. 1 (1834): 188 ("C. Rob[er]ti filii Henrici Regis per concessionem Mathildis, filiz Roberti de Avrenchis et heredis Ricardi filii Baldewini, dans totam vincam quam Rob'tus fil. Baldewini et Ricardus fester ejus Eccl. S.N. dederunt."), 382 (charter dated 1162 of Robert son of King Henry, granted with consent of Maud d'Avranches his wife [Robertus filius Regis Henrici, assensu Matillidis de Abrinco uxoris meae to St. Nicholas Priory, Exeter). Dugdale Monasticon Anglican = 5 (1846): 377-382 (Ford Abbey, Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia: "Obijt denique vir ejus secundus, dominus Robertus filius regis Henrici anno Domini M.clxxii. pridie calendas Junii [31 May], et post ipsum vicecomitissa Matildis, itaque de Aubrincis ut prius nuncupata, undecimo calendas Octobris [21 Sept.] anno Domini M.clxxiii. et regni regis Henrici secundi 19."); 6(1) (1830): 253 (charter of Robert son of King Henry [Robertus Henrici regis filius]; charter names his [half-]brother [fratris], Henry d'Oilly). Collectanea Archæologica 1(1862): 263-284. Priory of Hexham 1 (Surtees Soc. 64) (1864): 138 (Chronicle of John, Prior of Hexham: "Emissi sunt autem ducenti milites cum Rodberto, filio Edae et Henrici Regis notho, et Johanne Marascaldo ...."). Freeman Reign of the Norman Conquest of England 4 (1871): 723. Turner Cal. Charters & Rolls: Bodleian Lib. (1878): 374 (charter of Robert son of King Henry dated c.1150). Notes & Queries 6th Ser. 3 (1881): 1-3. Maitland Bracton's Note Book 2 (1887): 137-138 (Robert de Courtenay testified in lawsuit dated 1222 that he was the son of Hawise, the first born daughter of Maud d'Avranches; Hawise's sister, Maud de Courtenay, who was the plaintiff in the lawsuit, in turn testified that the said Hawise was the daughter of Geoffrey de Crimes (or Crunes, Cruues), the 1st husband of Maud d'Avranches), 404-405; 3 (1887): 450-452 (Robert de Courtenay testified in lawsuit dated 1222 that his mother, Hawise, was the daughter of William de Curcy, husband of Maud d'Avranches). Notes & Gleanings 2 (1889): 50-56. Hall Red Book of the Exchequer 1 (Rolls Ser.) (1896): 251-254 (list of knights fees held by Robert Fitz Roy in 1166). Note-book of Tristram Risdon (1897): 53-56. Salter Eynsham Cartulary 1 (Oxford Hist. Soc. 49) (1907): 73, 75, 101-102. C.P. 11(1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Seversmith Colonial Fams. of Long Island New York & Connecticut 5 (1958): 24
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
1069 - 1135 (~ 67 years)