Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy

William the Conqueror

Male 1028 - 1087  (~ 60 years)


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  • Name William the Conqueror  
    Born From 1027 to 1028  Falaise, Calvados, France Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Male 
    Died 9 Sep 1087  Saint Gervais, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Buried Abbey Church of Saint-Etienne, Caen, Calvados, France Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Person ID I6347  Petersen-de Lanskoy
    Last Modified 27 May 2021 

    Father Robert I "the Magnificent" of Normandy,   d. From 1 Jul 1035 to 3 Jul 1035, Nicaea, Turkey Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Mother Arlette or Herlève of Falaise,   d. Abt 1051 
    Family ID F2631  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family Maud of Flanders,   d. 2 Nov 1083 
    Married Abt 1050 
    Children 
     1. Robert "Curthose",   b. Abt 1054,   d. From 10 Feb 1134 to 11 Feb 1134, Cardiff Castle, Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age ~ 80 years)
     2. Richard,   b. Abt 1055,   d. From 1069 to 1074  (Age ~ 14 years)
     3. William II "Rufus",   b. Abt 1060,   d. 2 Aug 1100, New Forest, , England Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age ~ 40 years)
     4. Henry I "Beauclerc",   b. From 1068 to 1069,   d. 1 Dec 1135, Lyons-la-Forêt, Eure, Upper Normandy, France Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age ~ 67 years)
     5. Alice or Adelise of England,   d. 1073, of Saint Léger in Les Préaux, Eure, Upper Normandy, France Find all individuals with events at this location
     6. Maud of England,   d. 26 Apr
     7. Constance of England,   d. 13 Aug 1090
     8. Cecily of England,   d. 30 Jul 1126
     9. Adele of England
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F2779  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Notes 
    • RESEARCH_NOTES:
      1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
      “WILLIAM the Conqueror, Duke (or Count) of Normandy, 1035-87, King of England, 1066-87, illegitimate son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, by his mistress, Axlette (or Herleve) [see Appendix, Line A for his ancestry]. He was probably born at Falaise 1027-28. In 1046-7 William's right to be duke was attacked by his cousin, Guy, count of Brionne. Guy and his associates were defeated by an army led by William and the French king Henri I to the south-west of Caen at Val-es-Dunes. In 1049 William joined the French king's campaign against Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, taking part in the successful siege of the castle of Mouliheme near Angers. He married about 1050 (marriage prohibited 1049, dispensation dated 1059, they being related by near kinship within the 7th degree) MAUD OF FLANDERS, daughter of Baudouin V, Count-Marquis of Flanders, by Adele, daughter of Robert II, King of France [see Appendix, Line B for her ancestry]. They had four sons, Robert Curthose puke of Normandy], Richard, William II Rufus [King of England], and Henry [I] [King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin], and five daughters, Alice (or Adelise) (nun at St Leger in Preaux), Maud, Constance, Cecily [Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen], and Adele (wife of Etienne Henri, Count of Blois). In 1051 William visited England and probably received a promise of the English succession from his childless cousin, King Edward the Confessor. According to Norman writers, King Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinesson (later King Harold), who visited the Norman court in 1064 or 1065, swore an oath to support William's claim to the throne of England. However, when King Edward died (5 Jan 1066), Harold was hastily anointed king (6 Jan 1066) and was accepted by the English nobility. On 28 September 1066 William landed at Pevensey with his army and defeated Harold's forces in the Battle of Hastings 14 October 1066. William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey 25 December 1066 by Aldred, Archbishop of York. He invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081. He spent most of his time in Normandy, but returned to England each time when it was absolutely necessary. In 1082 William imprisoned his half-brother, Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, on a charge of disloyalty. He was a major patron of monasteries, founding two great abbeys at St Etienne of Caen and Battle, and making donations to a host of other churches. His wife, Maud, died 2 November 1083, and was buried at Sainte-Trinite in Caen. Her tombstone with inscription carved round the edge has survived. In 1085 William brought a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV of Denmark, but it never occurred. One of the most important deeds of William in his last years was ordering of economic and tenurial survey of England, the results of which were summarized in the Domesday Book. In the summer of 1086 the Conqueror departed for the continent, where he went on a military expedition to retaliate against an invading French garrison at the border town of Mantes. He was injured while riding a horse and the ailing king was carried back to Rouen and then moved for peace and quiet to the priory of Saint Gervais outside the city. Surrounded by clergy and magnates, he apparently remained lucid until the end, which came on 9 September 1087. His corpse was transported by river and sea to Caen, where he was buried in the Abbey church of Saint-Etienne. [For William the Conqueror's sister, Alice of Normandy, Countess of Aumale, see AUMALE 1; for his half-brother, Robert, Count of Mortain, see MORTAIN 1.]
      Morice Memoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 129 (Extract of Chronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1083. Obiit Mathildis Regina filia Balduini II. Comitis Flandrensis, uxor Willelmi Regis Anglorum;" "Anno 1087. Obiit Willelmus Rex Anglorum Rotomagi apud S. Gervasium V. idus Septembris [9 September], qui sua magna industria & probitate omnem Angliam sux subdiderat ditioni ..."). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "V. Id. Sept. [9 Sept.] Ob. Willelmus Rex Anglorurn."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]); 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 297-300. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 295-298 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXXIV). De Smet Recueil des Chroniques de Flandre 1 (1837): 544 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1027: "Balduinus Pulchra Barba, comes Flandriae, filio suo Balduino, qui postea dictus est Pius, Athelam, filiam Roberti regis Francorum, accipit uxorem. Ex qua nati sunt Balduinus Montensis et Robertus Friso et filia Mathildis, quae postea nupsit Wilhelmo, filio Roberti ducis Normanniae, qui postea in Angliam transfretans eam debellavit."), 552 (Chronicomm Flandriae sub A.D. 1047: "Wilhelmus, dux Normanniae, uxorem duxit Mathildem filiam Balduini comitis Flandriae, quae postea peperit ei Wilhelmum, postmodum regem Angliae."). Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux styled "brother" [fratris] by King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1074). Duncan Dukes of Normandy (1839). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 1-134 (biog. of Matilda of Flanders). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxx (Alice [Duchess of Burgundy] styled "aunt" [amita] by King William in charter dated 1080). Giles Chronicon Anglia Petriburgense (1845): 45 (sub A.D. 1035: "Robertus dux Norrnanniæ obiit in peregrinatione Jerusolymitana, a camerario suo potionatus: successit filius ejus Willelmus Bastard, annorum septum puer, tutelæ Henrici regis Franciæ commendatus.")."). Le Prévost Notes pour servir à la Topographic et à l’Histoire des Communes du Département de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Artgustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Ser.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "fratris" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Lépinois & Merlet Cartulaire de Notre-Dame de Chartres 3 (1865): 172 (Necrologium B.M. Carnutensis: V Idus Septembris [9 September] - "Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 182-183, 284-285. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (Rolls Ser. 45) (1866): 294-295 (Judith [of Lens], wife of Earl Waltheof, styled "king's kinswoman" [consanguineam regis] [i.e., kinswoman of King William the Conqueror]). Wauters Table Chronologique des Chartes et Diplômes Imprimés 1 (1866): 575. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1881): 228 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: Adelaide, wife of Robert son of Giroie, styled "kinswoman [consobrina] of King William the Conqueror), 234 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: William Fitz Osbern styled "kinsman and steward" [cognatus et Dapifer] of King William the Conqueror), 246-247 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Sexto: Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Heugleville] styled "kinsman" [consanguineus] of King William the Conqueror, Beatrix, daughter of Christian de Valenciennes, and wife of Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Huegleville], styled "kinswoman" of Queen Maud of Flanders [Mathildis Reginæ consobrina]). Arch. Jour. 41 (1884): 300-312 (author provides conclusive evidence that Gundred, wife of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, was not the daughter of William the Conqueror or his wife, Maud of Flanders). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 3-5 (seal of King William the Conqueror - Obverse. The king on horseback to the right, in coat of mail and conical helmet and spurred; in his right hand a long lance with three streamers; in his left hand a kite-shaped shield, held by a strap, showing the interior. Horse trappings: a small, plain saddle, and stirrup, breast-band, girth, and head-gear. Legend: + HOC • NORMANNORVM • WILLEMVM • NOSCE • PATRONVM • S[I] between two dotted circles. Reverse. The king, enthroned, with a crown fleury of three tre-foiled points, and loose robe falling in folds between the knees, with arms and feet apparently bare; both arms extended and raised from the elbow; in his right hand a sword erect, in his left hand an orb, surmounted by a tall cross pattée fitchée. Throne without back; cushions on the seat; the base having three small arches, which rest on a plinth also having arches in nearly vertically corresponding positions. Legend: + HOC • ANGLIS • REGE[M • S]IGNO • [FATEARIS • EVNDEM] between two dotted circles. The legends, taken together, form a distich.). Stubbs Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis regum Anglorum (Rolls Series) (1887-9). Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain tin Xle Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 175 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Marim Carnotensis - "v id. sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum ..."), 180 (Necrologium Ecclesix Beatx Maria Camotensis - kal. nov. [31 October] Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina ..."), 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum…"). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): ccxli (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible: 9 Sept. - "Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus rex Anglorum major."), 422 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "1 Nov. [Obiit] Malthildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannnorum."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Nov. [Obiit] Mathildis, regina Anglorum."). Compte-rendu des Séances de la Commission Royale d’Histoire 5th Ser. 9 (1898): 142-180 (sub Comtes de Flandre). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 9-11. Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 498-499; 86 (1971): 225-250. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 240 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et princeps Normanie, v idus sept [9 Sept.] [1087]."), 660 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallée: "[3 Nov.] III non. Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina [1083]."). D.N.B. 21(1909): 293-301 (biog. of William the Conqueror, King of England). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 189-191 (sub A.D. 1075 and 1076: Earl Roger [i.e., Roger, Earl of Hereford] styled "kinsman" of King William the Conqueror), 212 (sub A.D. 1096: William [Count] of Eu styled "king's kinsman."). Bishop & Chaplais Facsimiles of English Royal Writs to AD. 1100 (1957). Stenton Bayeux Tapestry (1957). Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961). Galbraith Making of Domesday Book (1961). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Musset Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et de la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbeyes Caennaises (1967). Barlow Edward the Confessor (1979). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). Bates Normandy before 1066 (1982). L. Musset "La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinité de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)" in Mémoire de l’Academie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen 21 (1984): 191-210. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 5 (sub Flanders), 79 (sub Normandy), 81 (sub England). Wilson Bayeux Tapestry (1985). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England 1066-1166 (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.228, XI.415-XI.423, XII.18. Bates William the Conqueror (1989). Fleming Kings & Lords in Conquest England (1991). Van Houts Costa Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni (1992-5). Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 140 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "5 Idus Sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Willelmus rex Anglorum."), 144 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "4 Non. Nov. [2 November]. Obiit Matilda regina…"). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Davis & Chibnall Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (1997). Bickley Regesta Regum Anglo-Normanorum: The Acta of William I 1066-1087 (1998): 49, 342, 381, 466, 885, 893, 920 (instances of Edward the Confessor, King of England, styled "my kinsman" [yneges mines mæg/ cognatus meus/ consanguineus meus" by William the Conqueror, King of England). Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Roffe Domesday: The Inquest & the Book (2000). Anglo-Norman Studies XXV (2003): 1-18. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      Children of William the Conqueror, by Maud of Flanders:
      i. ROBERT (nicknamed “Curthose”), Duke of Normandy, son and heir, born about 1054. He married in Italy in Sept. 1100 SIBYL OF CONVERSANO, daughter of Goffredo (or Geoffroi), Count of Conversano and Brindisi. They had one son, William “Clito” [Count of Flanders]. By an unknown mistress (or mistresses), he had two illegitimate sons, Richard and William (or Guillaume) [lord of Tortosa], and one illegitimate daughter, ___ (wife of Hélie [or Elias] de Saint-Saëns). His wife, Sibyl, died 18 (or 21) March 1103. ROBERT, Duke of Normandy, died in prison at Cardiff 10 (or 11) Feb. 1134, and was buried before the altar in the abbey church of St. Peter, Gloucester. Mémoires de la Société des Antiquaires de la Morinie 4 (1839): lxxv. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 576 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "1 Feb. [Obiit] Robertus, comes Normannorum."), 577 ("18 Mart. [18 March] [Obiit] Sebille, comitissa Normannorum."). Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Obituaire of Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "[Obiit] Sibilla, comitissa Normannie XII kal. apr. [21 March]"). D.N.B. 16 (1909): 1235-1242 (biog. of Robert, Duke of Normandy). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.415, XII.643, XII.643a-XII.643c. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.). Aird Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy (2011).
      ii. RICHARD, 2nd son, born about 1055, died 1069-74. Douglas William the Conqueror (1964): Appendix C, 393. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.418. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      iii. WILLIAM “Rufus,” 3rd son, born about 1060. He succeeded his father in 1087 as king of England; Normandy and Maine passed to his elder brother, Robert. He was crowned at Westminster 26 Sept. 1087. From 1096 to 1100 he held the duchy of Normandy in pledge but was never duke. WILLIAM II, King of England, was killed in the New Forest 2 August 1100, being shot by an arrow from his own men in hunting. He was buried in Winchester Cathedral, Hampshire. Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & all Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "Kal. Aug. [1 August]. Ob. Guillelmus Rex Anglorum"). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 182-183, 285-286. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1870-1879). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 14 (confirmation charter of King William II dated 1095-1100). D.N.B. 21 (1909): 301-306 (biog. of William II, King of England). Barlow William Rufus (1983). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.419. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      iv. HENRY, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Cotentin [see below].
      v. ALICE (or ADILIDEM, ADILIDE, ADELIZA) OF ENGLAND, nun at St Léger in Preaux. She died in 1073. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 14-16 (biog. of Adeliza, or Adelaide of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Steele (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain du XIe Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum ..."). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Lasteyrie Etudes sur la Sculpture française au Moyen Age (1902): 7. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): Xl.416. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
      vi. MAUD OF ENGLAND. In 1086 Geoffrey held Hatch Warren, Hampshire of the king for the service which he performed for Maud the king's daughter. She died 26 April, year unknown, Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 16-33 (biog. of Matilda of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 285-286. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 239 (Prieuré de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Ob. Mathildis, filia Willelmi regis Anglorum, vi kal. maii [26 April"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda (author states Maud was not first Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen as Delisle believed). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35.
      vii. CONSTANCE OF ENGLAND. She married in 1086 (as his 1st wife) ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, son and heir of Hoe!, Count (or Duke) of Nantes, by Hawise, daughter of Alan III, Count (or Duke) of Brittany. They had no issue. He succeeded his father as Duke in 1084. In 1088 his wife, Countess Constance, confirmed to Quirnperlé Abbey certain domains that her husband previously had given them. His wife, Constance, died 13 August 1090, and was buried in the church of St. Melans near Rhedon in Brittany. He married (2nd) ERMENGARDE OF ANJOU, divorced wife of Guillaume IX, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Poitou, and daughter of Fulk (or Foulques) IV "le Rechin," Count of Anjou, by his 1st wife, Hildegarde, daughter of Lancelin [II] de Baugency. They had two sons, Conan [III] “le Gros” [Duke of Brittany] [see BRITTANY 3] and Geoffroi, and one daughter, Hawise (wife of Baudouin VII, Count of Flanders). He accompanied Robert, Duke of Normandy, to the Holy Land in 1096. He abdicated in c.1114-16 in favor of his son, Conan, and subsequently became a monk at Redon Abbey. ALAN IV, Count (or Duke) of Brittany, died 13 October 1119. Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742): 101-103, 453 (charter of Alan, Duke of Brittany to St. Georges Abbey), 463 (Duke Alan and his wife, Constance, listed as witnesses to a charter dated 8 Dec. 1086 of Giron son of Ansketil to Saint-Florent), 464 (charter of Constance, Countess of Brittany, daughter of William King of England to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names her husband, Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoel), 464 (epitaph of Constance, Countess of Brittany found in 1672 which reads: "Concurrente uno Idus Aug. [13 August] Obiit Constantia Britanniae Comitissa Alani Fergens conjux nobilissima, Willielmi Regis Anglorum filia."), 464-465 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Count of Brittany, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 465-467 (judgment dated 1089 regarding a difference of the monks of Redon with the chaplains of Count Alan and his wife, Countess Constance), 507 (charter dated 1101 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, his 2nd wife, Ermengarde, and their son, Conan), 525 (charter of Alan, Count of Brittany, and his 2nd wife, Countess Ermengarde, to the nuns of Fontevrault), 527. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 23-33 (biog. of Constance of England). Analysis of the Domesday Book of the County of Norfolk (1858): 9-12. Jausions Histoire abrégée de la Ville et de l’Abbaye de Redon (1864): 56-60. Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 221, 285-286. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 12 (1877): 559 (Ex Chronico Brittanico Altero: sub MLXXXVIII [A.D. 1088]. "Alanus [Fergent] duxit Constantiam filiam Regis Guillelmi Anglorum in uxorem."; sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "Obiit Constantia Alani conjux nobilissirna sine liberis."; sub MCXIX [A.D. 1119]. "Obiit Alanus Fergent pater Conani."), 562 (Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensi: sub MLXXXVII [A.D. 1087]. "Alanus [Fergent] Hoeli Consulis filius duxit uxorem Constantiam Guillehni Regis Anglorum filiam.", sub MXC [A.D. 1090]. "[Idibus Aug.] [13 Aug.] "Constantia Cornitissa obiit, Regis Anglorum filia."; sub MCXX [A.D. 1120]. "Obiit Alanus Fergant junior filius Hoelis Comitis, III. Idus Octobris [13 Oct.]."). Paris Guillaume de Tyr et ses Continuateurs, Texte français (1880): 2 ("Ermenjart [of Anjou], qui premierement fu femme Guillaume le conte de Poitiers; mès il la leissa contre le comandement de sainte Eglise et de la loi de mariage, et li cuens de Bretaigne la prist et espousa. Si en engendra Conain qui pins fe cuens de Bretaigne, et le clamoit-l'en Conain le Gros."). Bull. & Memoires de la Société Archéologique du Departement d'Ille-et-Vilaine 17 (1885): 44-45 (charter dated 1084 of Count Alan, son of Count Hoel to Quimperlé Abbey), 51-52 (charter dated 1086 of Alan Fergent, Count of Brittany to Saint-Florence Priory), 52-56 (sale of lands by Count Alan to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé dated before 1088; charter names his parents, Count Hoel and Hadeuguis), 56-67 (charter dated 1089 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, and Constance his wife to Saint-Florent), 59-60 (charter dated 1096 of Alan, Duke of Brittany, son of Duke Hoe!, to Quimperlé Abbey; charter names his uncle [avunculi] Benoit, Bishop of Nantes), 61-69. Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.420, XII.40. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      viii. CECILY (or CECILE) OF ENGLAND, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen. She died 30 July 1126. Green Lives of the Princesses of England 1 (1857): 1-14 (biog. of Cecilia of England). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 224 ("Abbatissa gregis Cecilia filia regis"). Barlow William Rufus (1983): 441-445, Appendix A, Children of William I and Matilda. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 81 (sub England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.417. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      ix. ADELE (or ALA) OF ENGLAND, married ETIENNE HENRI, Count of Blois, Chartres, Chateaudun, Meaux, Provins, Sancerre, and Troyes [see BLOIS 2].”

      2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
      “WILLIAM the Conqueror, Duke (or Count) of Normandy, 1035-1087, King of England, 1066-1087, illegitimate son, probably born at Falaise 1027-1028. In 1046-7 William's right to be duke was attacked by his cousin, Guy, Count of Brionne. Guy and his associates were defeated by an army led by William and the French king Henri I to the south-west of Caen at Val-ès-Dunes. In 1049 William joined the French king's campaign against Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, taking part in the successful siege of the castle of Mouliherne near Angers. He married about 1050 (marriage prohibited 1049, dispensation dated 1059, they being related by near kinship within the 7th degree) MAUD OF FLANDERS, daughter of Baudouin V, Count-Marquis of Flanders, by Adèle, daughter of Robert II, King of France [see Line B, Gen. 10 below for her parentage]. They had four sons, Robert Curthose [Duke of Normandy], Richard, William II Rufus [King of England], and Henry R] [King of England, Duke of Normandy], and five daughters, Alice (or Adelise) (nun at St Léger in Préaux), Cecily [Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen], Maud, Constance (wife of Alan IV, Count of Brittany), and Adèle (wife of Étienne Henri, Count of Blois). In 1051 William visited England and probably received from his childless cousin, King Edward the Confessor, a promise of the English succession. According to Norman writers, Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinesson (later King Harold), who accidentally visited the Norman court in 1064 or 1065, swore an oath to support William's claim to the throne of England. However, when Edward died (5 Jan. 1066), Harold was hastily anointed king (6 Jan 1066) and was accepted by the English nobility. On 28 Sept. 1066 William landed at Pevensey with his army and defeated Harold's forces in the Battle of Hastings (14 October 1066). William was crowned King of England 25 Dec. 1066. He invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081. He spent most of his time in Normandy, but returned to England each time when it was absolutely necessary. In 1082 William imprisoned his half-brother Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, on a charge of disloyalty. His wife, Maud, died 2 Nov. 1083, and was buried at Sainte-Trinité in Caen. Her tombstone with inscription carved round the edge has survived. In 1085 William brought a large army to meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV of Denmark, but it never occurred. One of the most important deeds of William in his last years was ordering of economic and tenurial survey of England, the results of which were summarized in the Domesday Book. In the summer of 1086 the Conqueror departed for the continent, where he went on a military expedition to retaliate against an invading French garrison at the border town of Mantes. He was injured while riding a horse and the ailing king was carried back to Rouen and then moved for peace and quiet to the priory of Saint Gervais outside the city. Surrounded by clergy and magnates, he apparently remained lucid until the end, which came on 9 September 1087. His corpse was transported by river and sea to Caen, where he was buried in the abbey church of Saint-Étienne.
      Morice Mémoires pour servir de Preuves à l'Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne 1 (1742); 129 (Extract of Chronicle of Robert, Abbot of Mont Saint Michel: "Anno 1083. Obiit Mathildis Regina filia Balduini II. Comitis Flandrensis, uxor Willelmi Regis Anglorum;" "Anno 1087. Obiit Willelmus Rex Anglorum Rotomagi apud S. Gervasium V. idus Septembris [9 September], qui sua magna industria & probitate omnem Angliam suæ subdiderat ditioni ..."). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecdesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "V. Id. Sept. [9 Sept.] Ob. Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]); 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 297-300. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 2957298 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. )(XXIV). De Smet Recueil des Chroniques de Flandre 1 (1837): 544 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1027: "Balduinus Pulchra Barba, comes Flandriae, filio suo Balduino, qui postea dictus est Pius, Athelam, filiam Roberti regis Francorum, accipit uxorem. Ex qua nati sunt Balduinus Montensis et Robertus Friso et Lila Mathildis, quae postea nupsit Wilhelmo, filio Roberti ducis Normanniae, qui postea in Angliam transfretans cans debellavit"), 552 (Chronicorum Flandriae sub A.D. 1047: "Wilhelmus, dux Normanniae, uxorem duxit Mathildem filiam Balduini comitis Flandriae, quae postea peperit ei Wilhelmum, postmodum regem Angliae."). Bulkleley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247. Duncan Dukes of Normandy (1839). Strickland Lives of the Queens of England 1 (1840): 1-134 (biog. of Matilda of Flanders). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxx (Alice [Duchess of Burgundy] styled "aunt" [amita] by King William in charter dated 1080). Giles Chronicon Anglia Petriburgense (1845): 45 (sub A.D. 1035: "Robertus dux Normanniæ obiit in peregrinatione Jerusolymitana, a camerario suo potionatus: successit filius ejus Willelmus Bastard, annorum septem puer, tutelæ Henrici regis Franciæ commendatus.")."). Le Prévost Notes pour server à la Topographie et à l'Histoire des Communes du Déartement de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Augustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Set.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "frattis" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Lépinois & Merlet Cartulaire de Notre-Dame de Chartres 3 (1865): 172 (Necrologium B.M. Carnutensis: V Idus Septembris [9 September] - "Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum."). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 177-182, 182-183, 284-285. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (Rolls Ser. 45) (1866): 294-295 (Judith [of Lens], wife of Earl Waltheof, styled "king's kinswoman" [consanguineam regis] [i.e., kinswoman of King William the Conqueror]). Wauters Table Chronologique des Chartes et Diplômés Imprimis 1 (1866): 575. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England (1876). Delisle Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1881): 228 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: Adelaide, wife of Robert son of Giroie, styled "kinswoman" [consobrina] of King William the Conqueror), 234 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Tertio: William Fitz Osbern styled "kinsman and steward" [cognatus et Dapifer] of Duke William [afterwards King William the Conqueror]), 246-247 (Orderic Vitalis, Libro Sexto: Gulbert [d'Auffay or de Heugleville] styled "kinsman" [consanguineus] of King William the Conqueror; Beatrix, daughter of Christian de Valenciennes, and wife of Gulbert [d’Auffay or de Huegleville], styled "kinswoman" of Queen Maud of Flanders [Mathildis Reginæ consobrina]). Arch. Jour. 41 (1884): 300-312 (author provides conclusive evidence that Gundred, wife of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, was not the daughter of William the Conqueror or his wife, Maud of Flanders). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 1 (1887): 3-5 (seal of King William the Conqueror - Obverse. The king on horseback to the right, in coat of mail and conical helmet and spurred; in his right hand a long lance with three streamers; in his left hand a kite-shaped shield, held by a strap, showing the interior. Horse trappings: a small, plain saddle, and stirrup, breast-band, girth, and head-gear. 'Legend: + HOC • NORMANNORVM • WILLEMVM • NOSCE • PATRONVM • S[I] between two dotted circles. Reverse. The king, enthroned, with a crown fleury of three tre-foiled points, and loose robe falling in folds between the knees, with arms and feet apparently bare; both arms extended and raised from the elbow; in his right hand a sword erect; in his left hand an orb, surmounted by a tall cross pattée fitchée. Throne without back; cushions on the seat; the base having three small arches, which rest on a plinth also having arches in nearly vertically corresponding positions. Legend: + HOC • ANGLIS • REGE[M S]IGNO • [FATEARIS • EVNDEM] between two dotted circles. The legends, taken together, form a distich.). Stubbs Willelmi Malmesbiriensis monachi de gestis regum Anglorum (Rolls Series) (1887-9). Merlet & Clerval Un Manuscrit Chartrain du XIe Siècle (Soc. Arch. d'Eure-et-Loir) (1893): 175 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "v id. sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum ..."), 180 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - “ii kal. nov. [31 October] Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina ..."), 184 (Necrologium Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ Carnotensis - "viii id. dec. [6 December] Obiit Adeliza, filia regis Anglorum ..."). Bradshaw Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral Pt. 2 (1897): ccxli (obits. in the odd volume of the great Latin Bible: 9 Sept. - "Willelmus Rex Anglorum."). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus rex Anglorum major."), 422 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "1 Nov. [Obiit] Malthildis, regina Anglorum."), 580 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "9 Sept. [Obiit] Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et dux Normannnotum."), 581 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Nov. [Obiit] Mathildis, regina Anglorum."). Compte-rendu des Séances de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 5th Ser. 9 (1898): 142-180 (sub Comtes de Flandre). Barret Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour le Perche (Docs. sur la Province du Perche 3rd Ser. 2) (1894): 9-11. Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 498-499; 86 (1971): 225-250. Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 2 (1906): 240 (Obituaire of Prieure de Saint-Nicaise de Meulan: "Guillelmus, rex Anglorum et princeps Normanie, v idus sept. [9 Sept] [1087]."), 660 (Nécrologe of Abbaye de Saint-Jean-en-Vallee: "[3 Nov.] III non. Obiit Matildis, Anglorum regina [1083]."). D.N.B. 21(1909): 293-301 (biog. of William the Conqueror, King of England). Gomme Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1909): 189-191 (sub A.D. 1075 and 1076: Earl Roger [i.e., Roger, Earl of Hereford] styled "kinsman" of King William the Conqueror), 212 (sub A.D. 1096: William [Count] of Eu styled "king's kinsman."). Bishop & Chaplais Facsimiles of English Royal Writs to A.D. 1100 (1957). Stenton Bayeux Tapestry (1957). Fauroux Recueil des Actes des Ducs de Normandie de 911 à 1066 (1961). Galbraith Making of Domesday Book (1961). Stenton First Century of English Feudalism, 1066-1166 (1961). Musset Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et de la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbayes Caennaises (1967). Barlow Edward the Confessor (1979). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). Bates Normandy before 1066 (1982). L. Musset "La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinite de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)" in Mémoire de l’Académie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen 21 (1984): 191-210. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 5,81. Wilson Bayeux Tapestry (1985). Chibnall Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166 (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): X.228, XI.415-X1423, XII.18. Bates William the Conqueror (1989). Fleming Kings & Lords in Conquest England (1991). Van Houts Costa Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni (1992-5). Meyer Culture of Christendom (1993): 140 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "5 Idus Sept. [9 Sept.] Obiit Willelmus rex Anglorum."), 144 (Canterbury Obituary Lists: "4 Non. Nov. [2 November]. Obiit Matilda regina.."). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 34-35. Davis & Chibnall Costa Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (1997). Bickley Regesta Regum Anglo-Normanorum: The Acta of William I 1066-1087 (1998): 49, 342, 381, 466, 885, 893, 920 (instances of Edward the Confessor, King of England, styled "my kinsman" [yneges mines mæg/cognatus meus/consanguineus meus" by William the Conqueror, King of England). Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies .?0(1. (1999): 145-168. Bartlett England under the Norman & Angevin Kings 1075-1225 (2000). Roffe Domesday: The Inquest & the Book (2000). Anglo-Norman Studies XXV (2003): 1-18. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).”

      3. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
      “ROBERT I the Magnificent, Count of Hiémois, 1026, Duke of Normandy, 1027-1035, 2nd son. He was heir in 1027 to his older brother, Richard (III), Duke of Normandy. By his mistress, ARLETTE (or HERLEVE), daughter of Fulbert of Falaise, he had one illegitimate son, William the Conqueror [King of England, Duke of Normandy], and also by Arlette or an unknown mistress, one illegitimate daughter, Alice [Countess of Aumale]. ROBERT I, Duke of Normandy; set off on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem early in 1035, and subsequently died at Nicaea 1-3 July 1035. Herleve married c.1030 HERLUIN DE CONTEVILLE, Vicomte, seigneur of Conteville. They had two sons, Eudes [Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent] and Robert [Count of Mortain], and one daughter, Muriel. He founded Grestain Abbey in Normandy about 1050. He and his wife renounced their claim to the tithe of Toutainville and to the vill called Mesnil-Dastin to Preaux Abbey. His wife, Herleve, is thought to have been living in 1050-51, but died soon afterwards. He married (2nd) FREDESENDE ___. They had two sons, Jean (who appears to have died young) and Raoul Fitz Herluin (or de Conteville) [seigneur of Corneville-sur-Risle and Martainville-en-Lieuvin, presumably Domesday tenant of Chapel Allerton, Huish (in Burnham), Adber (in Trent), and Brent, Somerset]. HERLUIN DE CONTEVILLE died about 1066. He and his first wife, Arlette, were buried in Grestain Abbey. His widow, Fredesende, granted part of dower lands at Le Neubourg, Cantelou, and Honnaville (dep. Calvados) to Grestain Abbey.
      Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 169 ("Roger de Ternois … ayant appris que le jeune Guillaume avait succédé à son père dans le duché, il en fut vivement indigné ... car Guillaume, né d'une concubine du duc Robert, nommée Herlève, fille de Fulbert, valet de chambre du due.") (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VII, Chap. III). Thomas Stapleton, "Observations on the History of Adeliza, sister of William the Conqueror," in Archaeologia 26 (1836): 349-357. Guerard Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Saint-Bertin (Coll. des Cartulaires de France 3) (1840): 421-423 (charter of Robert I, Duke of Normandy mentions his "uncle" [avunculo] Robert, Archbishop of Rouen). Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XVe Siècle (1866): 289-290. Charpillon Dictionnaire historique de toutes les Communes du Département de l'Eure (1868): 834-835 (sub Conteville). William of Malmesbury De Gestis Regum Anglorum 2 (Rolls Ser.) (1889): 333-334 ("Matrem quantum vixit insigni indulgentia dignatus est; quæ, ante patris obitum, cuidam Herlewino de Comitisvilla, mediocrium opum vim, nupserat. Ex eo Willelmus fratres habuit Robertum, quem comitem Moritonii fecit, crassi et hebetis ingenii hominem; Odonem, quem ad episcopatum Bajocensem provexit comes, comitem Cantiae rex instituit"). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 420 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "3 Jul. [Obiit] Robertus comes."), 487 (Ex Uticensis Monasterii Annalibus et Necrologio: "1 Jul. [Obiit] Robertus, comes Normanniæ."), 579 (Notæ Monasterii Montis Sancti Michaelis: "2 Jul. [Obiit] Robertus, dux Normannorum quartus."). Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. Freeman William the Conqueror (1902). Bréard L'Abbaye de Notre-Dame de Grestain (1904). Procs. Somersetshire Arch. & Natural Hist. Soc. 52 (1907): 82. Halphen & Poupardin Chroniques des Comtes d'Anjou et des Seigneurs d'Amboise (1913): 247-250 (Genealogliæ Comitum Andegavensium). English Hist. Rev. 31 (1916): 257-268; 65 (1950): 289-303. Winkhaus (1950) 1/133. Douglas Domesday Monachorum (1944): 33-36. David Douglas, "Some Problems of Early Norman Chronology," in English Hist. Rev. 65 (1950): 289-303. Loyd Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Fams. (1951): 31 (sub Conteville). Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). D. Bates "Herluin de Conteville et sa famille" in Annales de Normandie 23 (1973): 21-38. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 79 (sub Normandy). Van Houts "The origins of Herleva, mother of William the Conqueror," in English Hist. Rev. 101 (1986): 399-404. Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XI.13, XII.18-XII.19. Bates and Gazeau "L'Abbaye de Grestain et la Famille d'Herluin de Conteville," in Annales de Normandie 40 (1990): 5-30. Cownie Religious Patronage in Anglo-Norman England 1066-1135 (1998): 197-198. Keats-Rohan Domesdey People 1 (1999): 258-259 ("Hugh of Avranches, earl of Chester from 1071, d. 1101 ... Son of Richard Goz vicomte of Avranches and a relative, probably half-sister, of William I. This woman was named as Emma daughter of Herleve and Herluin by Dugdale in his Baronage i, 32, but there is no independent evidence as to her name. The likelihood that she was nonetheless a half-sister of William I and sister of Robert of Mortain, is increased by the terms of a letter of Bishop Helinand of Le Mans, referring to a consanguineus marriage projected for the daughter of William of Mortain, discussed in Keats-Rohan, Medieval Prosopography 14.1 (1992), 38-40; for Hugh [Earl of Chester], ibid., 23-30."). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.). Gazeau Normannia monastica: Prices normands et Abbés bénédictins, Xe-XIIe siècle (2007): 174-175.
      Child of Robert of Normandy, by Herleve of Falaise:
      i. WILLIAM, Duke of Normandy, King of England [see next].
      Child of Robert of Normandy, by a mistress, possibly Herleve of Falaise:
      i. ALICE (AELIDIS, ADELIZA, ADELISA, ADELIDIS) OF NORMANDY, born before 1035. She married (1st) ENGUERRAND II, Count of Ponthieu, son and heir of Hugues II, Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil, seigneur of Abbeville, by Berthe, daughter of Guérinfrid, seigneur of Aumale. They had one daughter, Alice. He was slain before the Château d'Arques 25 October 1053. His widow, Alice, married (2nd) 1053/4 LAMBERT OF BOULOGNE, Count of Lens, Governor of Lille Castle, younger son of Eustache I, Count of Boulogne, by Mathilde (or Mahaut), daughter of Lambert I, Count of Louvain [see BOULOGNE 1 for his ancestry]. They had one daughter, Judith. In 1047 he and his brother, Count Eustache, and Count Baldwin V of Flanders were in attendance at the court of King Henry III of Germany, where they witnessed Henry's confirmation of a gift to St. Medard. LAMBERT OF BOULOGNE, Count of Lens, was slain in battle at Phalempin in 1054. His widow, Alice, married (3rd) in 1060 EUDES III, Count of Champagne, Banner-bearer to the Archbishops of Rouen, son and heir of Étienne, Count of Troyes and Meaux, by his wife, Adelaide. They had one son, Stephen (or Étienne) [Count of Aumale]. In the period, 1047-55, he witnessed an agreement between Rahier, husband of Arembourg, and the canons of Saint-Maurice of Angers, by which the canons temporarily relinquished certain rights in the church of Joué. At the death of his father about 1047 or 1048, he was deprived of the county of Champagne by his uncle, Thibaut III, and took refuge with William, Duke of Normandy [afterwards William the Conqueror, King of England]. William gave him his sister, Alice, in marriage. After the conquest of England in 1066, in which Eudes rendered good service, King William granted him the lordship of Holderness in England. William also erected the terrritory of Aumale into a county, which lands had been given to Eudes by Jean de Bayeux, Archbishop of Rouen. In 1082 William I, King of England, gave the Abbey of Holy Trinity at Caen the bourg of Le Homme with its revenues, with a reservation in favor of his sister, Alice, Countess of Aumale, of the tenancy during her life. Alice, Countess of Aumale, was living in 1086, and died before 1096 (date of charter). Sometime in the period, 1087-1095, Eudes witnessed a charter of King William Rufus, confirming to the Abbey of Saint Pierre au Mont Blandin in Gand certain possessions in his kingdom. Following the death of King William the Conqueror in 1087, he supported William Rufus as king in opposition to Robert, Duke of Normandy. In 1095 he joined the rebellion of Robert de Mowbray against King William Rufus, for which he was imprisoned by William and continued in confinement the remainder of his life. Eudes, Count of Champagne, died in prison sometime between Jan. 1096 and 2 August 1107. Du Plessis Histoire de l'Église de Meaux 2 (1731): 8. Frost Notices rel. to the Early Hist. of the Town & Port of Hull (1827): 8-10. Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 1 (1837): 153-159 (“A charter of grant to the Abbey of St. Trinity at Caen runs as follows: 'I William, King, and Matilda my wife, Queen, give to the aforesaid Church the Bourg of Hulme ... and the Countess Adelisa de Albemarle conceding ...'"). Coll. Top. et Gen. 6 (1840): 261-265. Bull de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 9(1) (1842): 264-265; also see Chartes & Docs. de l’Abbaye de Saint Pierre an Mont Blandin à Gand (1868): 106-107. Le Glay Histoire des Comtes de Flandres jusqu’a l’avènement de la maison de Bourgogne 1 (1843): 168. Biog. Dict. of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 4 (1844): 179 (biog. of Eudes of Odo, Count of Aumale). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae 2 (1844): xxix-xxxi. Semichon Histoire de la Ville d'Aumale 1 (1862). Bond Chronica Monasterii de Melsa 1 (Rolls Ser.) (1866): 89. Delisle Chronique de Robert de Torigni 1 (1872): 34. Planche Conqueror & His Companions 1 (1874): 118-126. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 11 (1876): 126, 205-206, 374, 582-583. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 12 (1877): 583; 13 (1869): 585; Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 580. Laffleur de Kermaingant Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Saint-Michel du Tréport (1880): 8-20. Doyle Official Baronage of England 2 (1886): 201 (sub Holderness). Remarks & Colls. of Thomas Hearne 3 (Oxford Hist. Soc.) (1889): 104 (ped. chart). Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. Urseau Cartulaire Moir de la Cathédrale d'Angers (1908): 98-99. C.P. 1 (1910): 351-352 (sub Aumale). Clay Extinct & Dormant Peerages (1913): 1 (sub Earls of Albemarle). Farrer Early Yorkshire Charters 3 (1916): 30-33. Monumenta Germaniae Historica SS 7 (1925): 494. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 79 (sub Normandy); 3(4) (1989): 621 (sub Boulogne). Winter Descs. of Charkmagne (800-1400) (1987): X.126, XI.227. English Lords of Holderness, 1086-1260 (1979). Keats-Rohan Domesday People: Prosopography of Persons occurring in English Docs., 1066-1166 1 (1999): 124. Burgess Hist. of the Norman People: Wace's Roman de Rou (2004): 1. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 290 (chart), 306 (Normandy ped).
      Child of Alice of Normandy, by Lambert of Boulogne, Count of Lens:
      a. JUDITH OF LENS, married WALTHEOF, Earl of Northumberland [see BEAUCHAMP 2].
      Child of Alice of Normandy, by Eudes, Count of Champagne:
      a. STEPHEN (or ÉTIENNE), Count of Aumale, Lord of Holderness, married HAWISE DE MORTIMER [see AUMALE 2].
      Children of Herleve of Falaise, by Herluin de Conteville:
      i. EUDES, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent. He was an uterine half-brother of King William the Conqueror. In 1049, while still a youth, he was granted the see of Bayeux. His active career was that of a warrior and statesman. He found ships for the invasion of England and fought in person at Senlac. He became Earl of Kent in 1066-67, and for some years he was a trusted royal minister. He acquired lands in more than twenty English counties. He worked energetically to build up the resources, both material and spiritual, of his see. At times he acted as viceroy in King William's absence and led royal forces to chastise rebellions. He took part in the northern campaign with his nephew, Robert Curthose, in 1080. In 1083 he was suddenly disgraced and imprisoned on the king's orders. In 1087 King William, when on his death-bed, reluctantly permitted his release. In 1088 he supported the rebellion of Robert Curthose against King William Rufus. In 1096 he went on the 1st Crusade. EUDES, Bishop of Bayeux, died in Jan. 1097 while visiting Sicily, and was buried in Palermo Cathedral. By an unknown mistress, he had one illegitimate son, John. Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 2 (1819): 26 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux, styled "fratris regis" [brother of the king]). Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 2 (1837): 245-247 (Odonis [Eudes], Bishop of Bayeux styled "brother" [fratris] by King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1074). Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniæ 1(1840): lxxviii-lxxix (Guillaume, seigneur of La Ferte, styled "nephew (or kinsman)" of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux" [nepos domini Odonis Baiocensis episcopi]): 274-275), 2 (1844): clxxxii-clxxxiii. Munford Analysis of the Domesday Book of the County of Norfolk (1858): 5-7. Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Augustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Ser.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "fratris" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Delisle & Pussy Mémoires & Notes de M. Auguste Le Prevost 3 (1869): 301. Planche The Conqueror & his Companions 1 (1874): 88-107 (biog. of Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent). Revue Catholique d’Histoire, d'Archéologie et Litterature de Normandie 1re Année (1891) 273-283 (charter dated 1093 of Guillaume, seigneur of La Ferte "nepos" [i.e., nephew/grandson/kinsman] of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux [nepos domni Odonis Baiocensis episcopi]) (author also includes an ancient list of obits for members of La Ferte family, among which is the following: "x kalendas junii [23 May], obiit Willelmus filius, nepos episcopi Baiocensis."; for another publication of the same list of obits, see Lettere originali del Medioevo latino (VII-XI sec.): 1. Francia (Arles, Blois, Marseille, Montauban, Tours) (2004): 126, 133). Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 421 (Ex Obituario Gemmeticensi: "2 Jan. [Obiit] Odo episcopus."), 700. Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. D.N.B. 14 (1908): 869-871 (biog. of Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent). Arch. Cantiana 39 (1927): 55-75. Douglas Domesday Monachorum (1944): 33-36. Bull Société des Antiquaires de Normandie 53 (1957): 484 (includes Pancarte of Saint-Fromond which records the donation of Robert "nepos" of Bishop Eudes: "De dono Roberti nepotis Odonis episcopi totam decimam de Riveria."). Analecta Bollandiana 79 (1961): 314, footnote 4 ("Bernard écrit après la mort du successeur d'Hugues II, Eudes ou Odon Ier de Conteville, décédé en 1097. Notre auteur di qu'il a été informé de tout ce qui touche à la translation des reliques à Bayeux par le neveu d'Eudes, Odon de Saint-Samson: Haec omnia cum adhuc adolescentulus essem, vir piissimus et devotissimus iam monachus, Odo de Sancto Samsone … prædicti nobilissimi præsulis Odonis amantissimus nepos"). D. Bates "Herluin de Conteville et sa famille" in Annales de Normandie 23 (1973): 21-38, esp. 22,33 ("Enfin, seront passés en revue le éléments d'information relatifs à deux hommes, l’un et l’autre qualifiés de nepos Odonis Baiocensis episcopi … D'autres membres de la famille d'Herluin furent protégés et patronnés par Eude: il s'agit de deux hommes, qualifiés de nepos Odonis Baiocensis episcopi, qui apparaissent à Bayeux. Le plus obscur s'appelait Eude de Saint-Samson, præsulis Odonis amantissimus nepos, et fut l’informateur de Bernard, chanoine de la cathédrale de Bayeux et auteur du récit de la translation des reliques des saints Raven et Rasiphe. ll est connu uniquement par cette source. ... Robert nepos episcopi qui apparait comme officier royal dans le Sussex et le Northamptonshire en 1131. L'identification est solide. Les dons de Robert à Saint-Fromond le rattachent à la famille des principaux bienfaiteurs du prieure, celle du Hommet … Il n'y a pas de preuve décisive que Robert nepos episcopi ait été plutôt le petit-fils que le neveu d'Eude."). Speculum 50 (1975): 1-20. Fryde Handbook of British Chron. (1986): 467. Bates and Gazeau "L'Abbaye de Grestain & la Fam. d'Herluin de Conteville," in Annales de Normandie 40 (1990): 5-30. Gameson Study of the Bayeux Tapestry (1997): 68 ("Bishop Odo of Bayeux ... an ambitious, acquisitive and arrogant baron-prelate"). Bennett Campaigns of the Norman Conquest (2001): 76-77. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.). Harper-Bill & Vincent Henry II: New Interpretations (2007): 109-110 ("Amongst the king's most substantial gifts were his grants to Richard du Hommet, his constable in Normandy, from the honour of Gifford. Richard is a classic case of a 'new' man with 'old' blood. He was apparently descended in the male line from the great Bishop Odo of Bayeux, and through his mother from an earlier line of lords of Le Hommet-d'Arthenay near Saint-Lo."), 110 footnote 1 ["Thomas Stapleton (MRSN, ii, pp. clxxx-clxxxvii) argued that Richard [du Hommet] was descended from Bishop Odo, as the son of a Robert nepos episcopi and the heiress of an earlier Hommet family; cf. Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus in Turn Londinensi Asservati, ed. T. D. Hardy (Record Commission 1835), 199-200... D. Bates, 'Notes sur l’aristocratie normande, Annales de Normande, 23 (1973), 7-38, at 33-7, accepts Stapleton's theories on the basis of an act ... for the Hommet foundation of Saint-Fromond: it expressly refers to Robert as nepos 0donis episcopi and shows him making grants near Le Hommet to the priory, and it identifies Richard the constable as a nepos of William du Hommet (fl. 1066 x 1083). See L. Musset, 'Les Origines du prieuré de St-Fromond: Un Acte negligô de Richard II,' BSAN, 53 (1955-56), 475-488, at 484; cf. Bates, Regesta, no. 92, for the earlier family of Le Hommet.].
      Illegitimate son of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent:
      a. JOHN, a royal chaplain. Stapleton Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniæ 2 (1844): clxxidi-clxxxiii (author assumes Robert styled "nepos Episcopi," of La Rivière in Normandy [and Bonby, Great Limber, and Stallingborough, Lincolnshire] was the son of John, son of Bishop Eudes, thus making Robert a grandson of Bishop Eudes) [N.B.: The Latin word "nepos" in this time period can mean grandson, nephew, or kinsman]. Hardwick Historia Monasterii S. Augustini Cantuariensis (Rolls Ser.) (1858): 351 (Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent styled "fratris" by King William the Conqueror in undated charter). Planche The Conqueror & his Companions 1 (1874): 88-107 (biog. of Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent). Freeman Reign of William Rufus & the Acccession of Henry the First 2 (1882): 488. English Hist. Rev. 16 (1901): 721-730 (John of Bayeux [son of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent] styled "royal chaplain and kinsman" [clericus nobilis et Regis consanguineus] of King Henry I of England in narrative in Cartulary of St. John's Abbey, Colchester, Essex dated c.1119). Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. Johnson et al. Regesta Regum Anglo-Nonnannorum, 1066-1154 2 (1956): 148 (John [son of Eudes, Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent], a royal chaplain, styled "kinsman" [cognatus] of King Henry I of England in charter dated 1117-19).
      ii. ROBERT, Count of Mortain (in Cotentin), Domesday lord of Pitstone and West Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, Blisland, Boyton, Lancarffe, Poundstock, Treroosel, and Truthwall, Cornwall, Bere Fetters, Bolberry, Bratton Fleming, Buckland Brewer, Densham, Dunsdon, Fardel, and Weare Giffard, Devon, Ashill, Barton St. David, Bishopston, Brompton Regis, Bruton, Crewkeme, Curry Rivel, Kingstone, Shepton Montague, Stoke sub Hamdon, Swell, and Tintinhill, Somerset, etc., born about 1040. He was an uterine half-brother of King William the Conqueror. He was created a count about 1060. He married (1st) before 1066 MAUD DE MONTGOMERY, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury, by his 1st wife, Mabel, daughter and heiress of William, seigneur of Alençon and Bellême. Her maritagium included the seigneurie of Sainte-Scolasse. They had one son, William [Count of Mortain], and four daughters, Agnes, Denise (wife of Guy III, seigneur of Laval), Emma (wife of William IV, Count of Toulouse), and Sibylle [Abbess of Saintes]. About 1082 he and his wife, Maud, founded a collegiate church at St. Evroult at Mortain. His wife, Maud, died 21 Sept. 1082, and was buried in Grestain Abbey. He married (2nd) ALMODIS ___. They had one son, Robert. In the period, 1082-84, he granted land in Dorset to Marmoutier Abbey at Tours. He joined the rebellion against King William Rufus in 1088, which was soon put down. He was a benefactor of many religious houses, including the abbeys of Grestain, Marmoutier, Caen, Preaux, Fécamp, Mont-St-Michel, St-Nicholas, Angers and St. Albans. ROBERT, Count of Mortain, died 8 Dec. 1090. L'Art de Vérifier les Dates 2 (1784): 790 (sub Montgomeri). Rud Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesia Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 214 ("Nomina quae in Kalendario (supra Tr. 5.) occurrunt XI. Kal. Octobr. [21 Septernber] - Obiit Mathildis Comitissa deMoretonio."). Dugdale Monasticon Anglicanum 6(2) (1830): 1090-1091 (Robert, Count of Mortain, styled "brother" [fratris] of King William the Conqueror in charter dated 1189). Guerard Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Saint-Benin (Coll. des Cartulaires de France 3) (1840): 462-463 (Count Robert, brother of the King [i.e., King William the Conqueror] witness to doc, dated c.1066-87). Le Prevost Notes pour servir a la Topographie et a l'Histoire des Communes du Département de l'Eure (1849): 30-31 (charter dated April 1066 witnessed by William, Duke of Normandy, his wife, Maud, and his "brother" [fratris], Robert). Desroches Annales civiles, militaires et genealogiques du Pays d'Avranches (1856): 58. Munford Analysis of the Domesday Book of the County of Norfolk (1858): 7-8. Delisle Rouleaux des Morts du IXe au XV Siècle (1866): 207-208, 289-290. Delisle Chronique de Robert de Torigni 1(1872): 319 ("Siquidem Robertus, comes Moritonii, uterinus frater Willermi regis qui regnum Anglia subjugavit, habuit unum filium Guillermum, qui ei successit ... et tres filias, quarum unam duxit Andreas de Vitreio, aliam Guido de Laval, terciam comes Tolosanus, frater Raimundi comitis Sancti qui in expeditione Ierosolirnitana viriliter se habuit. Genuit autem ex ea comes Tolosanus unam solummodo filiam, quam Guillermus, comes Pictavensis et dux Aquitanorum, mortuo patre prædictæ puellæ, cum hereditate propria, scilicet urbe Tolosa et comitatu Tolosano, duxit uxorem; ex qua genuit idem Guillermus filium Guillermum nomine, qui ei successit, qui pater fuit Alienor, reginæ Anglorum."). Planché The Conqueror & his Companions 1 (1874): 107-116 (biog. of Robert, Comte de Mortain and Earl of Cornwall). Le Fizelier Memoire chronologique de Maucourt de Borrolly sur la Ville de Lava/1 (1886): 122-128. Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France 23 (1894): 583 (Ex Obtuario Ecclesiæ Moretoniensis: "8. Dec. Obiit Robertus comes Moretonii fundator istius ecclesiæ"). Two Cartularies of the Augustinian Priory of Bruton & Chiniac Priory of Montacute (Somerset Rec. Soc. 8) (1894): 119-120 (foundation charter of William, Count of Mortain for Montacute Cartulary dated 1102; charter names his parents, Count Robert and Countess Matilda). Round Cal. of Docs. Preserved in France 918-1206 (1899): 108, 256 (charter of Robert, Count of Mortain dated ?1085), 256-257 (charter of Robert, Count of Mortain and Almodis his wife dated 1087-91), 359, 433. Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. Breard L'Abbaye de Notre-Dame de Grestain (1904). Rpt. & Trans. of the Devonshire Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, Lit. & Art 2nd Ser. 8 (1906): 338-339. D.N.B. 13 (1909): 1014 (biog. of Robert of Mortain, Count of Mortain). VCH Somerset 2 (1911): 111-115. C.P. 3 (1913): 427-428 (sub Cornwall). Douglas Domesday Monachorum (1944): 33-36. Hull Cartulary of St. Michael's Mount (Devon & Cornwall Rec. Soc. n.s. 5) (1962): 3-4. Douglas William the Conqueror (1964). D. Bates "Herluin de Conteville et sa famille" in Annales de Normandie 23 (1973): 21-38. Brown Anglo-Norman Studies III (1981): 74-75. Hull Cartulary of Launceston Priory (Devon & Cornwall Rec. Soc. n.s. 30) (1987): 2-4 (charter of Robert, Count of Mortain, Earl of Cornwall brother [frater] of William King of the English, and Maud his wife dated 1076). Bates and Gazeau `L'Abbaye de Grestain & la Famine d'Herluin de Conteville,' in Annales de Normandie 40 (1990): 5-30. Anglo-Norman Studies 13 (1991): 119-144. Haskins Soc. Jour. 3 (1991): 161-162. Bates & Curry England & Normandy in the Middle Ages (1994): 136-137. Cownie Religious Patronage in Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1135 (1998): 197-199. Fleming Domesday Book & the Law (1998). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 306 (Normandy ped.).
      Children of Robert, Count of Mortain, by Maud de Montgomery:
      a. AGNES OF MORTAIN, married ANDRÉ [I] DE VITRÉ, seigneur of Vitré in Brittany [see MORTAIN 2].
      b. EMMA OF MORTAIN, married WILLIAM IV, Count of Toulouse [see AQUITAINE 2].”
      iii. MURIEL OF CONTEVILLE, married EUDES FITZ TURSTIN (also known as EUDES AU CHAPEL), Vicomte of the Cotentin), steward to William, Duke of Normandy (afterwards William the Conqueror, King of England), son of Turstin, or Richard, Haldup, of La Haye-du-Puits, founder de Lessay Abbey. They had no issue. He is mentioned about 1060 in a charter by which Duke William gave land at Bernières to the Cathedral of Bayeux. Bulkeley La Hougue Bie de Hambie 1 (1837): 153-159. Taylor Master Wace: His Chronicle of the Norman Conquest (1837): 102, footnote 6 ("Historians have not mentioned an uterine sister of William, called Muriel ...Wace's account of Muriel is confirmed from other sources. It would seem to have been to her, then a widow - ad Muriel sanctimonialem - sister of Odo, bishop of Bayeux - ... that the poet Serlon, the canon of Bayeux ... addressed his verses de capra Bajocensium civitate. The baron here called Iwun-al-Chapel seems to be Eudo de Capello - du manteau, or capuchon - son of Turstain Halduc and Emma his wife, and subscribing himself Eudo Haldub in a charter of 1074. Mem. Ant. Norm. viii. 436. He was dapifer to duke William; although not the Eudo dapifer of Domesday, who was son of Hubert de Rie. He was head of the house of Haie-du-Puits in the Cotentin, and undoubtedly married a Muriel, as appears by the charters of Lessay, whether she were a daughter of Herluin or not. The estates of Eudo went to his nephew, which confirms Wace's account of his having no issue. See the Lessay charters in Dugdale and Gallia Christiana, and our subsequent note on Haie."), 235-236. Delisle Hist. du Chateau et des Sires de Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte (1867): 22-24, 27. Freeman Hist. of the Norman Conquest of England 2 (1873): 415 ("[Herleva] had also a daughter by Herlwin, named Muriel, who has naturally been confounded with William's other sister Adelaide. Wace says (Roman de Rou, 11145), 'Ki à fame avait Muriel, Seror li Dus de par sa mere E Herluin aveit a pere."). Lincolnshire Notes & Queries 6 (1901): 111-115. Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 8 (1901): 525-526. Brown Anglo-Norman Studies X (1988): 82, 161, footnote 15 ("Wace is correct in identifying Duke William's half-sister as Eudo's wife, see Gallia Christiana, xi, instr., 228a (pancarte of Lessay Abbey, founded by Eudo au Chapel and his father Turstin, or Richard, Haldup"). For the latter, see Fauroux, nos. 99, 167, 231 and Gallia Christiana, xi, instr., 225a. He was a benefactor of Cérisy, an abbey well-known to Wace, who gives reliable amd unique information about it, see C.H. Haskins, Norman Institutions, New York 1918, 269-272. For Eudo, vicomte of the Cotentin and steward, see Fauroux, no. 219; L. Musset, Les Actes de Guillaume le Conquérant et la Reine Mathilde pour les Abbayes Caennaises, Caen, 1967, nos. 7, 8, 11, 18, 19 and 22; Regesta, i. xxiii, nos. 75, 119, 121, 132, 142, 150, 168, 199, 342; Orderic, ii, 124."). Bates & Curry England & Normandy in the Middle Ages (1994): 118 ("Lessay is one of the few relevant buildings with apparently clear documentary evidence ... In 1089 Eudo Capellanus, son of the found