Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy

James Richey

Male 1821 - 1890  (68 years)


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  • Name James Richey 
    Born 13 Aug 1821  near Pickensville, Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Male 
    Died 7 Aug 1890  Fort Wingate, McKinley, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Buried 9 Aug 1890  Ramah, McKinley, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Person ID I1433  Petersen-de Lanskoy
    Last Modified 27 May 2021 

    Father William Richey,   b. 1 Feb 1796, , Laurens, South Carolina, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 21 Oct 1879, Parowan, Iron, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 83 years) 
    Mother Margaret Ann Adair,   b. 7 Feb 1804, , Laurens, South Carolina, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 10 Feb 1852, Manti, Sanpete, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 48 years) 
    Married 10 Feb 1820  , Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F893  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Lucinda Mangum,   b. 20 Jul 1826, near Pickensville, Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 23 Feb 1903, Saint Johns, Apache, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 76 years) 
    Married 28 Mar 1846  Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F934  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 2 Sarah Frances Mangum,   b. 11 Sep 1838, , Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 28 Oct 1889, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 51 years) 
    Married 28 Apr 1853  Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Divorced Yes, date unknown 
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F522  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 3 Nancy Melissa Leamaster,   b. 2 Sep 1840, Van Buren, Crawford, Arkansas, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 10 Aug 1883, Marysvale, Piute, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 42 years) 
    Married 27 Mar 1857  Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Children 
     1. Robert Alma Richey,   b. 8 Oct 1858, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 28 Jul 1932, Sugar City, Madison, Idaho, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 73 years)
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F672  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Notes 
    • RESEARCH_NOTES:
      1. Per 21 Feb 2002 website : Third Hundred, Jedediah M. Grant, Captain; Departed June l7, 1847; Second Fifty; Willard Snow, Captain; Arrived October 4, 1847; Second Ten, Thomas Thurston, Captain:
      Richey, James
      Born: 13 August 1821 in Pickens, Alabama
      Son of William Richey and Margaret Ann Adair
      Married: 28 March 1846 to Lucinda Mangum [probably typo for 23 Mar.]
      Died: 7 August 1890 in Ft. Wingate, New Mexico"

      2. Censuses:
      1850 US: Utah County, Utah Territory, p. 8, family 68:
      William Richie, 56, turner, SC.
      Margaret, 48, midwife, SC.
      James, 28, cotton gin, AL.
      John, 16, cotton gin, AL.
      William, 10, MS.
      Eliza, 14, MS.
      Rebecca, 85, SC.

      1860 US: Washington, Washington, Utah, enumerated 27 Jul 1860, page 1035 indicates house #1287 and family #1111 (Samuel Adair, Thomas Adair, Wesley Adair, James Richey, Geo. W. Adair, James Mangum, John Mangum, Valentine Carson, John Price, William Mangum, Cyrus Mangum, Samuel N. Adair are all listed as neighbors):
      James Richey, 38, Farmer, $150 real estate, $650 personal property, AL.
      Lucinda, 34, AL.
      Ja's M., 12, UT.
      Lucinda C., 8, UT.
      Josh B., 5, UT.
      Rebecca, 3, UT.

      1880 Census for St. Johns Village, Apache, Arizona, FHL film 1254036, National Archives Film T9-0036, p. 28D:
      James Richey, farmer, age 58, b. AL, father b. SC, mother b. unknown.
      Lucinda Richey, age 54, wife, b. AL, father b. VA, mother b. PA.
      James Morina Richey, farmer, son, age 32, b. UT.
      Charlotte Richey, House keeping, dau., age 29, b. UT.
      J.B. Richey, Farmer, son, age 24, b. UT.
      Ruth R. Richey, dau., age 22, b. UT.
      Emily Richey, dau., age 19, b. UT.
      Ellan Jane Richey, dau., age 15, b. UT.
      Susan Richey, dau., age 13, b. UT.
      Note: Several Adairs listed as a neighbors in Apache county.

      PHOTOS:
      1. Photo on file of James and Lucinda Mangum Richey taken from the booklet cited below of Susan Sherwood Arnett.

      BIOGRAPHY:
      1. The book "Grafton, Ghost Town on the Rio Virgin" p.118-120 lists those including James Richey who were called at the October General Conference (6-8 Oct. 1861, Pres. Brigham Young presiding) to settle in Southern Utah. He also appears on the list as being there during the census taken summer of 1862.

      2. Source unknown but seems to be a variant based somewhat upon James Richey's journal:
      "Manti City, December 9, 1855. James Richey - a short account of my life up to the time of the commencement of my journal.
      I was born on the 13th day of August, in the year 1821, in the United States of America, State of Alabama, Pickens County, about four miles south of Pickensville. My father's name is Willie, son of Robert Richey, who was a native of South Carolina. My mother's name was Margaret, daughter of Thomas and Rebecca Adair, also a native of South Carolina. Rebecca Belton is my grandmother on my father's side and was born in the State of South Carolina.
      The names of my brothers and sisters are (as) follows: Benjamin Joseph 2, Rebecca, 3, Emily Melissa 4, John G. 5, Martha Ann and Eliza Jane 5, for they were both born at one birth, William B, 7, Robert 8, and I myself being the first born.
      Lucinda Mangum Richey Born: July 20, 1826, Carrollton, Pickens County, Alabama
      Died: February 23, 1903, St Johns, Arizona
      Her father: John Mangum Sr.
      Her Mother: Rebecca Canada Knoll [Note: Canida Knowles]
      John Mangum was a Revolution War soldier, fought under Gen. Morgan and wounded at the Battle of Cow Pens.
      William Richey - son of Robert (came from Ireland) and Rebecca Belton Richey was born in South Carolina. Rebecca Belton, wife of Robert was born in South Carolina.
      Their children:
      William - married Margaret Ann Adair
      Martha - married Neal Tiltison
      John-married Miss Price
      Margaret-married Thomas Woulman
      Elinor-married Martin Caselbury
      James-married after I left the county
      Susanah-married Marcus E. Page
      Mary-not married
      David-married a Lynch and went to Texas
      Nancy-married Robinson William
      Written by James Richey: My father and mother had 10 children. They married February 10, 1820
      Benjamin W. Richey-Born Pickens Co, Alabama, August 10, 1823
      Joseph Richey-Born Pickens Co, Alabama, November 10, 1825
      Rebecca Sarah- Born Pickens co, Alabama, December 7, 1928 (sic-1828)
      Died: Nauvoo, Illinois, 1845
      Emily Melissa- Born Pickens Co, Alabama, March 12, 1830
      Married Lvey Handcock, [Levi Hancock]
      John G.***
      Martha Ann -Born Pickens Co, Alabama December 30, 1837
      Died Nauvoo, 1845
      Eliza Jane-Born Pickens Co, Alabama December 30, 1837
      Died: Clover Valley, Nevada
      William Belton- Born Noxubee, Co, Mississippi October 5, 1842
      Died Nauvoo Illinois, 1845
      ***
      James Moroni-April 16, 1848, Salt Lake City, Utah
      Joseph Benjamin- September 8, 1855, Manti, Sanpete Co, Utah
      Lucinda Charlotte- October 28, 1851, Manti, Sanpete, Co. Utah

      3. James Richey journal from 27 May 2003 website: <http://lrrichey.home.att.net/>. Also see website for more on Richey family. Transcript:
      "PAGE 1
      James Richey
      bowls 237½
      cups and saucers 300
      pe r one 100
      fives 300
      Febuary 9th 1856 937
      2 7
      JB Richey
      PAGE 2
      Manti City Dec 9 1855
      James Richey a short acount of my lif up to the time of the commencement of my Journal I was born on the 13 day of in the year of our Lord
      august A1821 in the united states of america State of alabama pickens county about foure miles south of pickinsville my fathers name is will son of robert richey who was a native of south carolina my mothers name is margrarot adaire daugh ter of thomas and Rebecca adair also a native of south carolina Rebecca belton is my
      PAGE 3
      granmother on my fathers side and was born in the state of south carolina the name of my brothers and sisters is as follows Benjamin 1 Joseph 2 Rebecca 3 emily melisse 4 John B 5 martha an and elize Jane 6 for they were both born at one birth william B 7 Robert the 8 i myself being the first born i lived with my father and mother in alabama til i was about 10 years of age when i removed with them to the state of mississippi my second brother Joseph died in the state of alabama pickens county age one year and foure months i lived with my father and mother in the state of
      PAGE 4
      mississippi til sonetim in the winter in 1844 when i imbrast the gospil of Jesus crist as preached by the laterday saints the sircumstanes are as follows sometime in this winter El clap an samuel gurley came into the neighborhood an held a meeteing in the scool house about a half mile from my fath ers house but i was not at home being at that time at work with my brother benjamin at my trade about seven miles from home wee returned home on satterday evening an found quite an excitement in the neighbourhood in con sequence of thir strange doctin Their was to has
      PAGE 5
      another meteing at the scool house the nex day i concludeed to go an here for my self i accordin gly repaired to the scool house on sabbath morning to here this strange doctrain i call it strange because it was a marvilous work an a wonder to the people some said one thing and some said another but to return to the meeteing house i seated my self right in f runt of the speaker an meeteing commenst by sing ing an prair elder clap then arose an preached a discou rse upon the authentisity of the bok of mormon i could finde no falt an befoure he was done i was
      PAGE 6
      convinst that i had seen a power manifested that i had never seen befoure in my life it filled a vacancy that bin in my bosom for a long time shortly after this i went to the city of mobile for the perpos of selling our crop of cotein my brother benjamin also went with me an when wee retuir ed wee found that mother had joined the church of Jesus crist of laterday saints i there commenist going to their mee teings an was babtised in the morning an atended meeteing in the i felt very solum for i new i had
      PAGE 7
      taken an importent step i returned home in the eveni an went to bed but not to sleep for i was thinking upon the principles of the gospil of Jesus crist i lay meditateing til all in the house was fast in the imbrace of sleep when the gift of the holy gost feell upon mee an my hart was filled with praises to my father in heaven for his mercies to me an for the light of the everlasting gospil of his son it seemed tha the angus did rejoice with me an that the han of god was near me my joy was unspakable an full of glory such
      PAGE 8
      as is not easily described i son waked up all in the house an preach to them the gospil of the son of god in spent an in power my testimony convinced my father an my oaldest brother an they went the next mor ning an was babtised for the remishion of sins shortly after this i went in company with elder clap an others to a conferance in the state of alabama tuscahaney county ware i was ordained an elder after conferance i return to pick ens county to preach the gospil to my con eseion my granmother believed my teste
      PAGE 9
      mony but was not babtised at that time after remaining theire a short time i started for ittenambe county in the state of mississippi whare my mothers people lived on my arrivle theire i met with good eal of opposition i was told that nauvoo was walled in an a great menny other fals repourts was in circulation about the laterday saints an i determed to be an eye witness against them i theirfoure started for nauvoo by the way for east port on tenisee river ware i got on bord of a steemboat
      PAGE 10
      an went to nauvoo by the way of tenisee river ohio in the mississippi i soon arived at nauvoo an went to the mansion an stayed over nite with the prophet Jospeh the next morning i went in search of some of my aquaintance i found brother thomas an boarded with him while i stayed in nauvoo i attended a meeteing of the seven tes an was ordained to
      the office of a seventy i sayed in nauvoo about a weeke bought mee some books an then started for home i tok pashage on the steamer oshry
      PAGE 11
      bound for St louis from theire i took a steamer to the mouth of the ohio river an from their for east port on tenisee river an from their to ittenambe county whare i had left my horse an saddle i viseted here for sometime an prea ched to my friends an then returned home to my fathers house i continued to travel an preach for about one yeare when wee sold our possessions an mooved to the city of nauvoo a short time after wee arrived their i went in company with some others to senuk
      PAGE 12
      island for wood an when i retuer ed i found that my oaldest sister Rebecca had sickened an died of the lung fever this was a heavy blow an one that i did not get over for a long time soon after this i started for the state of alabama to bring my granmother to nauvoo an on arriveing at her house i found her children much opposed to her going going with mee her some took took her muny from her an disabled her so that i had to return without her for i had but very little myself on my return i was takeen sick on bord of the boat an did not recover til after i arrived at
      PAGE 13
      home an never did finaly recover full my helth til i arrived in the vallies of the mountains in the sumer of 1845 wee had much sickness in the family my sister martha an an my brother robert died with the measels in the fall of this year we waire troub eled with the mob an the church finaly agreed to leave the state late in the fall mee an my brother benjamin hired out on board of a steemboat an went to neworleans wee then tok took pashage on bard of another steemer an landed in the state of mississippi wee then traveled by land
      PAGE 14
      into madison county an stopt an bilt a coten press for a man by the name of scot an preached in the neighborhood wee then went to norcuber county an stayed a while an then went pickens county in the state of alabama to see our relitives wee stopt withe them a short time an then went to ittena mba county in the state of mississippi to see our friends an when wee got their our friends had all gone to nau voo wee then persued our jorney to eastport on teni see river wee suffered much on this journey as wee slep
      PAGE 15
      on the ground almost every nite for wee did not have much means an wee wanted to save what wee had to help our fath er an mother away from nauvoo to the valies of the mountains for this was our business to raise means to help us away from the sean of moboeriy fire an blood wee arrived in nauvoo early in the spring soon after our arrival our connexion irrived also they had traveled all winter an had suffered much from exposeure the women haveing to travel much of the way on foot wadeing in snow an in mud some times alimost nee deep i went out an met them about too miles from nauvoo an stayed with them over nite next morning they moved into town i took the liberty of walking with a young lady by the name of lucinda mangum into town as i
      PAGE 16
      had bin aquainted with her in the south our sperits seem to be congenial an wee was soon after married by eldersamuel adair she told mee after wee was married that when i was in her neighbourhood preaching the gospil an prejudice was very strong in the minds of the people that she then formed an attachment for mee an had made up her mind if she eaver married any person it would be mee soon after i was married i crost the mississippi river an started west wee stopt on the desmoin river an worked for some provishions wee also stopt on pore river an workt a while wee then tray eled on to pisga here i was taken down sick an was neare unto death but finally i got beter an my wife was takeen down sick an was very low for a long time but fi nally recovered i stayed at
      PAGE 17
      pisga tel late in the fall when mee an my brother en law Joseph mangum moove to winter quarters on the miss ouri river whare i stayed tel spring while wee ware in ioway my brother benja mm left us an went on to council bluffs whare enter ed the mormon battallion an went to calafornia whare he died an there i was deprived of a friend that was neare an deare to mee my wifes mother died at wi nter quarters from being exposed in traveling in an inclemant season of the year i stayed at winter quar ters tel spring an then started with the first camp for the valies of the mountains whare i arri ved with my family after a long an degious i arrived in Salt lake vally in october in the year 1847 i left my fathers family at winter quarters on the missouri river
      PAGE 18
      whare they lived tel the spring of forty eight when they started for saltiake vally an joined mee in the fall of the same year when they left my father started on a mishion to texas leveing his mother at win ter quarters he filled his mish ion an returned to winter qu arters an emigrateed to the valies in the year 50 granmo ther died of colerr soon after they started on their journy my father joined us in sanpe te vally late in the fall of 50 he sayed with mee a while an then mooved to utah vally i lost all my cattle the first winter an spring in Sanpete an was"

      4. Excerpt taken from book "Under Dixie Skies," a history of Washington County, Utah: (Samuel Adair) In keeping with Brighan Young's policy of making the Church self-sustaining, a company was called to settle on the Mill Creek (which is now part of Washington Co.) primarily for the purpose of raising cotton. What should be more logical than to send men who had had experience in cotton culture? A number of converts who came from the South were accordingly called to go into what was later known as Utah's Dixie. Two groups went in the spring of 1857. The first group, consisting of ten families under the leadership of Samuel Adair [apparently, Robert D. Covington and Samuel J. Adair were the leaders of two groups, who were called to the 'Cotton Mission'], left Payson, Utah on the 3rd of march and arrived at the site of what was subsequently called Washington on the 15th day of April. They camped near the river on a piece of land later designated as the "Sand Plot," but on the advice of Amasa Lyman, who was passing through on his way from San Bernardino to Salt lake City, they moved up to the place where the town now stands. The second company left Salt lake City early in April and camped on the 5th of May at the Samuel Adair Spring, on the east side of the valley, just a short distance north of the present US highway 91. The following were members of the two original companies and others who settled at Washington in 1857. Robert D. Covington, Harrison Pearce, James B. Regran [or Reagan], Willam B. [or R.] Slade, Joseph Smith, William Hawley, John Couch Sr., John Couch Jr., John Mangum, James [B.] Wilkins, Alfred Johnson, John W. Freeman, James D. McCullough, William H. Crawford, Umpstead Rencher, Balus Spouse [or Sprouse], James Richie [or Richey], Samuel Adair, Oscar Tyler, George Spencer Jr., J. Holden, Joseph Adair, Joseph Hatfield, William Dameron, Preston Thomas, William Fream, George [W.] Adair, [Samuel?] Newton Adair, John Clark, Thomas W. Smith, Simes [or Sims] B. Matheny, Stephen and William Dugas [or Duggins], William J. Young, Enoch Dodge, John Price, and Robert Lloyd. William Darby Cooper was also an early settler. [Bleak, 'Annals of the Southern Utah Mission,' p. 34, the heads of the families listed by Bleak also include in addition to those above: Upstead Rencher, George Hawley, John Hawley, John Adair, Thomas Adair, J. Holden, William Mangum. Later research by Harold Cahoon of the Washington City Historical Society has added the following names to the original settler list: Newton L.N. Adair [Samuel Newton Adair?], John W. Clark, James Nichols Mathews, Gabriel R. Coley, and John D. Lee.] The trial that the settlers of Washington, in Washington Co., were to endure were probably the most discouraging and severe of any of the early settlers of Utah. When Robert Gardiner passed through the town on his way to settle in St. George in December 1861, he reflected that of all the trials he had to endure, the prospect of his wives and children one day looking like the poor malaria plagued creatures he saw in Washington was what appalled him most of all. He says in his journal: "Here we found some of our old neighbors who received us very kind but the appearance of these brethren and their wives and children was rather discouraging. Nearly all of them had the fever and ague or chills as they called it in this country. They had worked hard and worn out their clothes and had replaced them from the cotton they had raised on their own farms which their women had carded, spun, and wove by had, colored with weeds. Men's shirts, women's dresses and sunbonetts were all made of the same piece; and their clothes and their faces were of the same color, being a kind of blue, as most everyone had the chills. This tried me more than anything I have had seen in my Mormon experience thinking that my wives and Children, from the nature of the climate, would have to look as sickly as those now around me." This coupled with the trouble and struggle they had trying to build a dam in the Virgin River for irrigation purposes, which was washed out every spring, made the life of the saints that settled Washington probably the most trying of any early settlers.

      5. From the book "Arizona Pioneer Mormon, David King Udall his story and his family, 1851-1938" by Pearl Udall Nelson, 1959, it is noted on page 84 that James Richey was on an 1881 committee in St. Johns, Arizona including the bishop and Ole Jensen to draft a constitution and bylaws bo take over a store from John W. Young, Ammon Tenney, and others to create A.C.M.I. - Arizona Co-operative Mercantile Institution - fashioned somewhat after the more famous Z.C.M.I. in Utah. Bishop Udall also mentions on page 95 that Brother Richey served only a few months as his counselor when Brother Richey was called to be a patriarch.

      6. The book "A History of Washington County, From Isolation to Destiny," by Douglas D. Alder and Karl F. Brooks, p. 66: "...cotton seed from Nancy Pearce Anderson in Parowan, who had brought seeds with her from her home in South Carolina. Plants grew to maturity and did well, and farmers carefully kept seeds for the next year. Settlers in Washington brought cotton seed with them and raised cotton in the 1857 planting season. One party of Saints there, under Samuel Adair, were southerners from North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, and Texas who knew about cotton raising. Southerners also came south with the Covington company. Soon cotton also was growing in Toquerville and Grafton. That success impressed Brigham Young who then sent a party of fifteen men to the confluence of the Virgin and the Santa Clara in January 1858 to experiment with raising cotton on a larger scale. Joseph Horne headed the group [which also included James Richey] which located where John D. Lee advised calling the community Heberville. During the growing season, they faced the trials of heat, thirst, disease, and broken irrigation dams. Setbacks drove the costs up, but by Sept. they were able to deliver 575 pounds of cotton to Salt Lake City at a cost of $3.40 per pound. They returned the next year with a smaller group and faced serious water and desease problems, but they delivered a load of cotton to Brigham Young at $1.90 per pound. This was still too costly to compete with cotton raised by southern states where rainfall eliminated the need for irrigation, but it suggested possible success for Mormon attempts at self-sufficiency." Cotton was grown for three score years and helped Utah be more self-sufficient as to clothing and in turning the Utah Dixie in a productive area.

      7. Biographical info per the book "John Mangum, American Revolutionary War Soldier and Descendants," 1986, p. 610, by Delta Ivie Mangum Hale [see book for photos of husband and wife]: "Lucinda Mangum, the eighth child of John Mangum and Rebecca Canida Knowles, was born July 20, 1826 in Carrolton, Pickens Co., Alabama. She married James Richey March 25, 1846 in Nauvoo, Ill. He is the son of William Richey and Margaret Adair, born on Aug. 113, 1821 at Richens, Alabama. He died Aug 7, 1890 at Ft. Wingate, McKinley Co., New Mexico. She died on Feb. 23, 1903 at St. Johns, Apache Co., Arizona. James Richey lived in polygamy having three wives, Lucinda being his first wife. Lucinda and James had nine children:
      a. James Moroni Richey, b. 16 Apr 1848, SLC, UT.
      b. Lucinda Charlotte, b. 28 Oct 1851, Manti, SanPete, UT.
      c. John William, b. 26 Mar 1854, Manti, UT; d. 29 Oct 1854, Manti, UT.
      d. Joseph Benjamin, b. 8 Sep 1855, Manti, UT.
      e. Rebecca Ruth, b. 19 Oct 1857, Manti, UT.
      f. Margaret Emily, b. 22 Sep 1860, Washington, UT.
      g. Erastus, b. 21 Jan 1862, St. George, UT; d. 23 Sep 1863, St. George, UT.
      h. Elenor Jane, b. 11 Aug 1864, Washington, UT.
      i. Gemima Susana, b. 29 Apr 1867, Washington, UT."
      Page 612 of same book: "History of James Moroni Richey by his wife Mary Ann Chapman Richey [pictures of both with article]. James Moroni Richey was born April 16, 1848 in Salt Lake City, Utah, the first child of James and Lucinda Mangum Richey. He got his schooling in Manti, Utah. His mother had one hen, and the little boy would watch, and when the hen would lay the egg, his mother had to cook it for him. It was a very bad winter with deep snow which required shoveling to keep anything alive. The Indians flocked in for food, and the Walker Band came also. They would just walk in when they were eating, so they were soon out of provisions. James' father and others went out on snow shoes for help. Brigham Young then sent ox teams with provisions to them. When his parents were called to Southern Utah because his father knew how to raise cotton and make cotton gins, they first settled on the Muddy River, but when the people found they were in Nevada, the taxes being so high, they just left their crops standing and moved to St. George. Here at St. George, James helped his father make the cotton gin at Washington, five miles east of St. George. James Richey called for all the men to bring their saws, and he took a piece off the largest end and made circular saws to gin the cotton, doing it with a file. James Moroni helped with all of this. He also helped make molasses from the cane, the only sweets they had. They raised parsnips and tried to make molasses out of them, but it was too strong. He used to take this molasses north to the settlements and sell it for potatoes. They had a farm, and he helped with the farm. As a young man, he used to go over to St. George where the two cities, Washington and St. George, had dances together. He worked on the St. George Temple during its building and got his endowments there before they moved to St. Johns..."

      8. Three monuments erected in Washington, Washington, Utah. The first citation is from the dedication of a bronze cameo of James Richey:
      a. Washington Plaza:
      i. Talk given by city historian Harold Cahoon at the Dedication of the Monument Plaza 5/10/03 Washington, Utah: "Talk given by city historian Harold Cahoon at the Dedication of the Monument Plaza 5/10/03 Washington, Utah:
      "Our most righteous Eternal Heavenly Father. We are grateful for the opportunity this day to meet and honor those that have passed by to help make this city what it is today. For the foundation they laid and the heritage they provide for us. We recognize their struggles, sufferings, starvations and just plain sickness they endured to accomplish this. Now we pray that those who participate here today will do so to their very best ability and in such a manner that they will put over the thoughts or deeds they have in their hearts. May we all live our lives such that we will be receptive to thy Holy Spirit that can direct us each day. We pray in the name of Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior Amen.
      "Thanks Mayor for asking me to explain the procedure for selecting these persons to be honored this day. Much credit should be given to you Mayor, and our City Fathers for having the insight to create this work of art. These first settlers were the forerunners in establishing the foundation for our town. The name of Washington was given to the city after our first president of the United States. Also being Southerners they started calling the area "Dixie" after their homeland. Mayor Clove wanted this plaza to be located at this very spot because it is on the town's original town square. The first meeting structure was built, in 1857 out of poles and brush and was called the bowery, These bronze statues and cameos represent people who once gathered right here for their own town meetings. Right here where we are gathered! Mayor Clove approached me to make suggestions of names of pioneers that bronze pieces would be cast. After tile final names were made, it became my responsibility to find pictures and histories about each. Being an amateur history buff the research process for histories and pictures was befuddling but enjoyable. Finding a picture for each was a real kettle of worms. The pictures were then given to Jerry Anderson who was commissioned by the City, to sculpt these pieces. The pieces were sculpt to look like the original pioneers. We are fortunate to have such a talented sculptor living near by. Originally four statues were to be erected but this left out many who were also deserving to be honored. It was suggested that many more could be honored by making sculptured cameo busts, at a lesser cost for each piece. Twenty-four cameo pieces were then commissioned to be sculpted. The names of these pioneers were selected because they were in Washington in the very early days. Some of these names you might have never heard of. They might have been pillars ill the community or they were just trying to make the Cotton Mission a success. Some were here all of their lives, others for only a short time but they were here. The spelling of their names is done as best as I could. Some are spelled as they did then and others as the family spells it today. Please forgive me if you do not agree but think only of the person being honored. The spelling is at times a difficult problem. A booklet has been prepared telling a short history of each pioneer and will be available by the statues so you can read about them. Mayor Clove it is a great honor to have helped in selecting these pioneers and working with a talented sculptor as Jerry Anderson. It hoped that the City will add more names as time goes by. The history booklet and other history books are available for purchase in the plaza. Also orders will be taken for a video that was taken of this dedication. I appreciate my wife and her support. Thank you. Harold Cahoon"
      ii. Biography in book commemorating event with biography given at time of dedication: "James Richey, 1821-1890. Quoting from James Richey's journal: 'I was born in the State of Alabama, Pickens County, on the 13th day of August, 1821, according to the account given me by my father and mother. My father was a mechanic by trade. 1 was brought up partly to mechanics and partly to farming. I lived in the State of Alabama until I was about ten years old. I then went with my Father's family to the State of Mississippi, Noxubee County, to live in what was then known as the Choctaw Indian Purchase. My Father settled on government land. We opened a farm, my brother and I worked on the farm in the spring and summer, and in the fall and winter I worked with Father at his trade building machinery to gin cotton and presses to press it into bales for market. After I had learned the trade my brother Benjamin worked with me at the trade and Father stayed at home on the farm. We continued to work in this way until in the winter of 1843 and 44. We were at work for a man by the name of Henson, about six miles from home. We went home on Saturday evening and returned to work on Monday morning. " It was at this time that his neighborhood was quite excited because there was a Mormon missionary preaching in the area. He listened to the missionary's preaching and was convinced it was correct. He went to Mobile to dispose of the family's cotton and on returning the Mormon missionary was still talking in the area. James tried to find in the Bible scriptures to show that the Mormon missionary was preaching false doctrine but without success. His mother joined the Mormon Church. "I then renewed by investigation of the doctrine and finally became convinced of its truth and the divinity of the mission of Joseph Smith. " " After I was baptized and confirmed by the laying on of hands for the reception of the Holy Ghost I then went about five miles to a Mormon meeting. I felt very solemn for I knew I had taken an important step. I went from meeting to the house of John Sprouse for supper and stayed till after night and then went home. It was late when I got home and the folks were all in bed and asleep. I went to bed but not to sleep. I was meditating upon the principles of the Gospel and all at once the Holy Spirit came upon me and I was filled with the truth of the Gospel as restored through the Prophet Joseph Smith, in consequence of which my Father and brother Benjamin went and were baptized the next morning." This shows why the early pioneers that came to such a difficult area as Southern Utah had the convictions to remain in the area and make it a success. Without such convictions they would have left this inhospitable, hot, desert land. James moved back and forth from Alabama and Mississippi and then in 1844 went to Nauvoo, Illinois to see if the stories being told about the city were true. He found that the stories told about in his home area were untrue. After several faith promoting experiences in Nauvoo, he returned to his father's house in Noxubee County, Mississippi. He then became a missionary himself and went preaching in Alabama and Mississippi. In Mississippi he converted a number of Adairs, Mangums, and Prices. These families became close friends and traveled together when they went west. They were also called and answered that call to go to Southern Utah and start the Cotton or Southern Mission. He then returned to Nauvoo and prepared to go west to Utah. In Nauvoo on August 9, 1846, he married Lucinda Mangum who he had previously met while on his mission. This union produced nine children. Later in 1857 he married two other women, Rebecca Francis Mangum and Nancy Leemaster. Rebecca Francis only lived with James for three months and left. Nancy had one son named Robert Alma. Nancy left while her baby was very small. It appears that all three of his wives came to the Washington City area in Southern Utah. >From Nauvoo to Utah there were several deaths in the families due to the hard times experienced by all of the pioneers. His brother, Benjamin Richey joined the Mormon Battalion but died in California. Benjamin's death was a severe blow to James since they were raised together and were never separated for any length of time until Benjamin left the Iowa prairie in the Battalion, never to return. In Salt Lake he experienced the usual problems, crickets, hunger, sickness, births and deaths. One bright spot was the California Gold Miners when they got to Salt Lake, would sell very inexpensively their excess items, which included almost anything. Some would even get rid of their wagons and buy, at a good price, pack animals and continue on as a pack team. The animals turned in or exchanged for pack animals were then fed and brought into shape and resold as pack animals. The pioneers in Salt Lake got many more things because of the miners and made it so that they could exist until they could better take care of themselves. In 1849 the Richeys went to help settle Sanpete County. They experienced Chief Walker and the Ute Indians, only having one chicken, visits by Brigham Young and tithing wheat that was needed to survive. The family also grew in numbers. In 1857 he with other Southerners were called to go to Southern Utah to grow cotton, James especially because he knew how to build cotton gin mills. Quoting from his was son's, James Moroni Richey, journal we read: "That winter Father was called to go to Southern Utah to raise cotton, he being a Southerner and knowing how to build a cotton gin for he had built them in the south with his father and brothers. He went to Heberville on the Rio Virgin River 3 miles below St. George. Others were called to go to southern Utah to raise cotton when Father was. In April he came back to Manti for his family and moved to Washington 5 miles east of St. George in May 1858 to build the cotton gin there. He called on the people for their handsaws, cut 6 inches off the big end of 25 saws, put the handles back on and returned them to their owners. He took these to the blacksmith and had them cut round, then with a file made the teeth and had the gin done that fall in time to gin the cotton and ginned all the cotton that was raised in that part of the country for 5 years. [margin note - There would only be one needed in the community, going the rounds and it was guarded well. J. George A. Smith said in public that father built the gin with jackknife, handsaw, file and a pair of moccasins. In 1860 he moved to the mouth of the Santa Clara River to '"Toniquint," the soil was rich, washed down by the Santa Clara River where he raised corn, wheat, cotton, cane and garden. He made the only molasses mill in 1864 and made molasses for everyone who brought cane to him. Took his toll to the Northern Settlements and traded it for wheat and potatoes. Their child Margaret Emily was born at "Toniquint " Washington Co. Utah 22 Sept. 1860. In 1862 he built a 40 saw gin', the saws of sheet iron. Every fall he went back to Washington and fixed up the cotton gin and ginned cotton." Tonaquint was also called "Seldom Stop, Never Sweet, or Lick Skillet." It would be interesting to learn why such names were given. As usual one had the first baby born or the only such and such in an area. It seems as if individuals want to be the first which is natural. The Hawleys brothers built a molasses mill on Machine Creek (later renamed Mill Creek) Washington, Utah in 1857 or 58. John D. Lee bought out the Hawleys in 1859 and produced molasses which certainly predates Richey's mill at Tonaquint. John D. Lee goes on to say he was making $40.00 per day with his mill, which was a very large sum to be making in 1859. Most of the pioneers would not make $40.00 a year. The Richey gin mill was located just east of mill creek and just north of the cement bridge that Telegraph road crosses the creek. Erastus Snow was calling for people to settle Arizona and since the Richeys were suffering much from the chills and fever (Malaria) they decided to move to Arizona on the Salt River or Gila Valley. On the way Woodward Woodruff told them to take the sawmill, which they were taking with them, to the White Mountains as close to St. Johns as they could. They were to saw lumber to build St. Johns. They built the mill and called it the "Little Giant Sawmill." The Apaches were on the warpath at this time so much time was spent guarding their mill, livestock, and homes. They experienced the usual problems, too much water or drought, sickness and all of the problems that were normal to the times. James Richey was made a Patriarch for the St. Johns Stake in 1887. Lucinda was president of the St. John's Relief Society. They kept busy in their church, doing what ever they were asked to do. In the summer of 1890 James had a paralytic stroke and only lived a few days. He died on August 7, 1890 and is buried in Ramah, New Mexico. Lucinda lived for thirteen more years and died in 1903. They have a numerous posterity who are trying to serve the Lord."
      b. "Adair Spring, The Birthplace of Utah's Dixie, Washington City, Utah - Erected by the citizens of Washington City & The Washington City Historical Society, 1996. In early 1857 Brigham Young called a group of Southerners on a cotton mission to Southern Utah to raise cotton. Samuel Newton Adair [this is a mistake; should be Samuel Jefferson Adair], the leader of ten families, arrived at this spot April 15, 1857, after leaving Payson, Utah on March 3. They camped here a short time and then moved down near the Virgin River on what became known as the Sand Plot. Apostle Amasa M. Lyman who was passing through the area recommended they move back to the spring area which they did. Robert Dockery Covington arrived here May 5 or 6, 1857, with 28 more Southern families. They left the Salt Lake area shortly after the LDS Spring Conference held around April 6. On May 6 or 7 a two day meeting was held at this site under the direction of Isaac C. Haight, President of the Parowan Stake. They sang songs, prayed and selected Robert D. Covington to be the President of the LDS branch, and Harrison Pearce and James B. Reagan as assistants. Wm. R. Slade and James D. McCullough were appointed Justices of the Peace, John Hawley and James Matthews as constables, G.R. Coley as stray pound keeper and Wm. R. Slade, Geo. Hawley and G.W.Spencer as school trustees. They named their city Washington. It was too late to plant wheat, so they prepared the ground for corn and went right to work making dams and ditches to water their crops. Their homes were their wagon boxes, willow and mud huts and dugouts dug in the bank east of this monument. Their new home soon was called 'Dixie'. Those who came in the spring of 1857 were:
      [43 names listed "and others; the following names are those related.] Adair, George W.; Adair, John M.; Adair, Joseph; Adair, Newton (L.N.)[Samuel Newton]; Adair, Samuel [Jefferson]; Adair, Thomas; Mangum, John; Mangum, William; Price, John; Rickey [Richey], James."
      b. "'Utah's Dixie' - Washington City Founded 1857. Erected by the Washington City Historical Society, November 1994. This monument is erected in honor and memory of the founders of Washington City. The settlers who arrived in 1857 were sent here by Brigham Young, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, for the purpose of grwoing cotton to clothe the Mormon pioneers and to colonize the territory. Those early pioneers named their city on May 5 or 6, 1857 in honor of George Washington and also called the area 'Dixie' in remembrance of their former homes in the South. Living in the arid desert proved extremely difficult. Reocurring challenges such as malaria (ague or chills and fever), the lack of food, poor water, and other diseases disabled and decimated the settlers. The Virgin River, providing water to irrigate fields, was crucial to the settlers. However frequent flash floods, washed out the dams built to divert water from the river to the fields. This resulted in starvation and undue hardship. It took the pioneers thirty-four years to conquer the mighty "Rio Virgin" doing so with the completion of the Washington Fields Dam in 1891. [Pioneer names arranged into three groups; 43 'and others' in 1857, 19 in 1860, and 26 'and others' in 1861-62. The names that follow are only those related.]
      i. 1857: Adair, George W.; Adair, John M.; Adair, Joseph; Adair, Newton (L.N.)[Samuel Newton]; Adair, Samuel [Jefferson]; Adair, Thomas; Mangum, John; Mangum, William; Price, John; Richey, James.
      ii. 1860 US: Adair, Wesley; Mangum, Cyrus; Mangum, Joseph M.
      iii. 1861-62: [none]."

      9. The book "Utah's 'Dixie' Birthplace," by Harold P. Cahoon and Priscilla Cahoon, pp. 272-276, has a map and lists landowners as of the resurvey of 1873. Names are spelled as recorded. Relations included are:
      John M. Adair, blk. 15, lot 3. [SE corner of Main and 1st S.]
      John Price, blk. 34, lot 8. [SW corner of 2nd N and 1st E.]
      Wesley Adair, blk. 34, lot 10. [ 4th lot N on W side of 1st E halfway between 1st and 2nd N.]
      Samuel [J.] Adair, blk. 35, lots 1,11,12. [NW corner of 1st N and 2nd E.]
      Samuel N. Adair, blk. 35, lots 3,4. [2nd and 3rd lot N on E side of 1st E between 1st N and 2nd N.]
      Levi W. Hancock, blk. 41, lots 1,2,3,6. [Southern 2/3 of block between 1st and 2nd W and 2nd and 3rd N.]
      James Richey, blk. 34, lot 2. [NE corner of Main and 1st N.]

      10. Excerpts concerning the family histories of the Adair, Mangum,and Richey families from the book "A History of the St. Johns Arizona Stake," 1982, by C. LeRoy and Mabel R. Wilhelm. All three families were intermarried and it was James Richey who first introduced the Mormon Church to the combined families in Alabama and Mississippi in the 1840's:
      Chapter 5, The Call: "... Under the conditions that existed at that time, it is doubtful that any group, other than the Mormons, could or would have settled this Northeastern corner of the Arizona Territory. There were no great mineral deposits to attract fortune hunters; no great natural seaport to funnel commerce through; not even a pleasant climate that might induce people to stay. There was not one thing that would cause anyone to attempt a meaningful settlement of the area, but the Mormons did because they want to and this because they were called."
      Chapter 36, The People, Part I, The Settlers: "...The Eastern Arizona Stake was to include all settlements of northern Arizona with headquarters at Snowflake. In 1879 Apostle Woodruff made a call for missionary families to settle in the new towns. The Territory of Arizona was not yet free from renegade Indians and outlaws. Cattle and horse thieves still roamed at large. Men from the Indian Missions and nearby towns were sent in to settle temporarily and make secure the new lands until permanent families could arrive… They settled three miles below San Juan and called the new settlement Salem… The brethren proceeded to erect a bowery from the greasewood which was abundant in the area. The bowery was constructed in one day, but was well done and afforded good protection against the spring winds. On March 7 [1880] the first meeting was held in the Bowery. The dedicatory prayer was given by Brother James Richey ... The James Richey Company was on its way to the Gila Valley when a message came from the Church asking them to take their sawmill and locate as near the town of Salem as possible. Leaving Nevada in the fall of 1879, they did not arrive until the spring of 1880. A son was born to William and Charlotte Richey Sherwood before they arrived. James Richey, patriarch, was the leader of this large group. He became the first justice of the peace in the new settlement and witnessed the signing of the deed which gave the Mormons the land in and about St. Johns. Lucinda, his wife, became the first Relief Society President. William Sherwood and his younger brother, John F., had owned and operated several sawmills in Nevada and were well-seasoned lumbermen. They set up their sawmill, The Little Giant, east of where the town of Vernon is now located. The brothers were valued members of the new settlement-active in town and church affairs. Ruth Richey Sherwood, wife of John F., and a devoted church member, was an excellent cook and a friend to all children. Will's wife, Charlotte, after the early death of her husband, raised a family of seven, one boy and six girls, and became one of the most valued nurses and midwives of St. Johns... Moroni and Benjamin Richey were in their father's company. A scarlet fever epidemic took the lives of the wife and two children of Benjamin. He then married the lovely Alice Platt, sister of Dr. Will Platt. Benjamin, who did almost a lifetime of work in the Sunday Schools of St. Johns, was a man with extensive knowledge of English and American literature. He had dramatic talents and with his sister, Susan, laid the foundation of dramatic entertainment in St. Johns. After Alice's death, he married Eliza Jane Prather who raised a fine family of five boys and one girl. Susan Richey married Aurthur Tenney, brother of Ammon M. Tenney. The Tenneys were, for many years, contributors to all literary and dramatic pursuits in the town, now all live elsewhere… Joseph. Boeman Patterson had met the winsome Emily Richey while working with her father in Nevada. He arrived late in 1880 to claim Emily for his bride. Theirs was the first Mormon wedding in Salem and was held in the Spanish building which afforded only a dirt floor for the square dances performed. Joseph was a high councilor, served as ward clerk, and filled a mission in Great Britain. Emily, gay and entertaining, was a most gracious hostess. She was a counselor in the first Primary organization at Salem and served thirty years as a counselor in the Stake Relief Society with Ella S. Udall as presidentthe summer of 1880 the town of Salem was given a post office, but it was withdrawn and located at San Juan. At this time the name was officially changed to St. Johns… Mary Ann Chapman was just twelve years old when she came to St. Johns with her father. In 1888 she married James Moroni Richey, oldest son of James Richey. He had been the first boy baby born in Salt Lake Valley after the saints arrived there and had come to St. Johns in 1880. Moroni Richey was a man strictly honest in all his dealings. He read much and taught the Gospel to his children. He had heard his parents give firsthand accounts of the life and works of the Prophet Joseph smith. He remembered these truths and taught them to his children and others. He died in 1930. Mary Ann was but sixteen when she married Moroni, but her fine qualities of love, faith and patience were as marked at that age as they are now at seventy-five. She served in both ward and stake primary in earlier years. Today she is a student of the scriptures and a most faithful church member. Her life's hobby has been the raising of beautiful flowers… Times for the settlements on the Little Colorado grew no better. There were years of drought. The over-grazed ranges would not feed the many cattle. There was not enough water for the farmers of St. Johns and the Meadows… In the spring of 1885 President John Taylor issued a tithing order for $1,000 and $1,087 more was collected in Utah stakes to help the settlers of St. Johns buy food and seed for the new crop. Much trouble arose over land claims. Only squatter rights had been obtained from the Barths. In 1884 there were attempts at jumping claims on some of the best lots in town… Samuel Newton Adair and Helen Genett Brown came to Concho, Arizona in 1880 from Washington, Utah, with their seven children. Later they moved to Nutrioso, and then to Luna, New Mexico. They were cattle people and ranchers. Their children were born later. The Adairs left their mark in the St. Johns Arizona Stake and many of their descendants are contributing to its growth and well being today… In 1884, while the St. Johns trouble was at its peak, 102 families were called from Utah for the specific purpose of bolstering the hard-pressed settlers… They arrived at a time when things were about as bad as they could get. The 'Hash Knife' cowboys, the St. Johns Ring, and other lawless elements were bent on driving the Mormons out of the Territory. The settlers had to arm themselves at all times, even taking their guns with them to church. To make a living under these circumstances was almost impossible. While some of the men were at work, others were left to stand watch over the women and Children…"
      Chapter 37, The People, Part II, The Businessmen: "…The Richey successes seem to result from the use of big equipment and the hiring of others. James Richey, one of the first to bring industry to the Upper Little Colorado River, did so with his 'Little Giant' sawmill, which he brought from Utah with great difficulty. Although James was the first, the Richey success story as it relates to the economy of Apache County really began with his grandson, Hugh Richey, who began subcontracting of small dirt moving jobs in 1925. For a time he became involved in saw milling, trucking, and farming, but dirt seemed to be the line in which be successful. During the Depression of the early 1930's, Mr. Richey was one of the few who not only furnished employment for himself, but for others as well. By the end of World War II, Mr. Richey was well established as a free-lance contractor, but when his oldest son, Philip N., returned from the War and showed a renewed interest in the business, they decided that the time had come to get into contracting in a big way. Obtaining a general contractor's license, they began bidding on bigger jobs, bridges, reservoirs, dams, roads, etc. Richey Construction Company was a success from the start. The Richeys were tough competitors. If they didn't know how to do a job, they figured out a way which, in many cases, was better than the conventional method. If their new way called for a non-existent machine, they built the machine. Such was the case on the Las Lunas Canal job. The specifications called for a smooth finish on the sloping sides of the dirt canal. The other contractors were attempting to do this by working the sides with a dragline bucket. With twenty miles of the canal as their part, the Richeys designed and built a winged ditcher. With long wings hydraulically controlled, they could set it to just the right angle that would grade the canal sides as a grader grades a road. It required three crawler tractors to move it, one on each bank of the canal and one in the bottom. As it moved slowly along the canal doing its impossible job it was an engineer's dream come true. It was so impressive that the Bureau of Reclamation put a crew of research people on the job to give it full coverage… The Richeys had many such successes, but contracting is a rough game and doesn't always turn out so well. In 1958 they ran into a snag. It was a small job, ten miles of road and a bridge, one that the Richeys would ordinarily have taken in their stride. Yet it was here that they lost it all. It is hard to believe that a thing like this could have happened in the United States. Apparently, an over-zealous engineer, operating in the shadow of a staid, yet self-perpetuating branch of the civil service, gave sustenance to his personal ego by exercising undue authority over the contractor. He laid down a succession of difficult and arbitrary rules and eventually came on to the job to personally direct the details of construction. By chopping the job into short stretches and be decreeing that each stretch be brought up to grade before another could be started, he brought the Richeys to their knees. With enough equipment to saturate the ten miles of road from end to end, this strip arrangement limited them to using only a token amount of their machinery at one time. Even so, they would have made it except that this diabolical maneuver was designed to run them out of contract time. It was a trap and although the cost of finishing the job was only a small percent of the worth of the Richey Construction Company, all that they had was attached when the bonding company took over and it all went down the drain together. It took ten years of cutting through red tape to reach the courts. In a landmark decision, the United States Court of Contract Appeals ruled in Richeys' favor that no engineer has the right to deploy the contractor's equipment or issue orders to his men; that in doing so the engineer had grossly exceeded his authority. Unfortunately, it was outside the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeals to assess the loss. This would fall to the U.S. Court of Claims, whose caseload was far behind schedule. Not wanting to pass through another ten years of red tape, the Richeys very wisely accepted an offer by the Interior Department to settle out of court. Although it ran in six figures, the settlement was far below the dollar value of the Richey Construction Company's holdings and did not account for the ten-year loss of time. The years had taken their toll and though he was involved in many personal projects, Hugh Richey was never again active in the contracting business. Phillip went on to stage a spectacular comeback. With his Phillip N. Richey Construction Company, of Arizona, and its companion company of the same name in New Mexico he has built a contracting business that has, in great measure, been the spearhead for other Richey enterprises. Phil has been fortunate in having a talented wife, Anna P. Richey, Adding polish to her natural gift for paper work by graduating from Lamson Business College, Mrs. Richey serves as office manager in the Richey's home office in St. Johns. As Phillip is to the construction business, his brot5her, Milford, is to the television cable system in which the brothers are partners. Milford's wife, Doreen, serves as office manager of the Richey Cable Company, of St. Johns. The Richey empire, a loosely organized group of private and family owned companies, covers three states. Included in their holdings area number of producing oil wells in Oklahoma; T.V. cable systems in Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Arizona; mining interests in Arizona, and a farming and cattle feeding operation in the Salt River Valley. They also own 49% of 'Agri-business' a federally subsidized pilot project. It operates on the Arizona-Sonora Desert and is engaged in development and cultivation of the Jojoba and Guayule plants, which yield, respectively, a high quality of crude oil and good grade of natural rubber. As always, with their sights on the future, the Richeys have a project of their own, 'Richey Farms, Incorporated', a desert farming venture ready to produce these plants as raw materials when regular production begins. In theory, the Richeys still subscribe to the policy of hiring friends and neighbors. As Phil points out, 'When help is secured through a union hall it becomes a little more complicated, but regardless of who they are, after they work with us awhile they are all our friends and neighbors.'"

      11. Deseret News, Vol. 10, No. 34, 24 Oct 1860: "Report of the Committee on Cotton and Tobacco. The list of premiums awarded at the Firth Annual Exhibition of the Deseret Agricultural and Manufacturing Society, published in our last issue, was incomplete, as the report of the awarding committee on cotton and tobacco had not then been received. The President of the society, Hon. Edward Hunter, has since furnished us with the following report of said committee, which we take pleasure in publishing, assuring our readers that it was not the fualt of the officers of the society that it was so long in coming to hand. The awards were made in Washington, some three hundred miles south of Great Salt Lake City, between which and this part of the Territory there is a only a semi-monthly mail. [Many names and awards listed including...]
      Best 1-2 acre Cotton: John D. Lee
      Fifth 1-2 acre Cotton: Volentine [sic] Carson
      Best Patch Tobacco: James Richey
      Second Patch Tobacco: John M. Adair"

      12. Deseret News, Vol. 10, No. 3, 21 Mar 1860: "Correspondence from Washington County. Washington, Feb. 25, 1860. Editor News: ...A small company from this place are making a settlement on the Santa Clara at its mouth, under the direction of James Richey."

      13. Pioneer Trail Travel per Http://www.lds.org/churchhistory/library:
      A. Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel, 1847-1868. Jedediah M. Grant - Willard Snow Company (1847). Departure: 19 June 1847 Arrival in Salt Lake Valley: 4 October 1847 Company Information: 160 individuals were in the company when it began its journey from the outfitting post on the Elkhorn River about 27 miles west of Winter Quarters, Nebraska.
      James Richey (25)
      Lucinda Mangum Richey (20)
      B. Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel, 1847-1868. Source of Trail Excerpt: Richey, James, Autobiography [n.d.], 4-5.
      Trail Excerpt: "...Soon after i was married i crost the missi[ss]ppi river and started west[.] wee stopt on the desmoin [Des Moines] river and waited for some provistions[.] wee also stopt on fore river and workt a while[.] wee then traveled on to pisga[h.] here I was taken down sick and was neare unto death but finally i got beter and my wife was takeen down sick and was very low for a long time but finally recovered[.] i stayed at pisga[h] tel late in the fall when mee and my brother in law Joseph mangum moved to winter quarters on the missouri river whare I stayed tel spring[.] while we ware in ioway [Iowa] my brother benjamin left is [us] and went on to council bluffs[,] whare entered the mormon battallion and went to calafornia [California] whare he died and thus i was deprived of a friend that was neare and deare to mee
      my wifes mother died at winter quarters from being exposed in traveling in an inclemant season of the year[.] i stayed at winter quarters tel spring and then started with the first camp for the vall[e]y of the mountains whare i arrived with my family after a long and tegious [tedious journey]-i arrived in salt lake vally in october in the year 1847[.] i left my fathers family at winter quarters on the missouri river whare they lived tel the spring of forty eight when they started for salt lake vally and joined mee in the fall of the same year[.] when they left my father started on a mishion [mission] to texas leeveing his mother at winter quarters[.] he filled his mishion and returnd to winter quarters and emigrateed to the val[l]ies in the year 50 [gran…] and ther[e] died of colerry [cholera]"

      14. James Richey mentioned in the Mexican War Veteran files for Wesley Adair from FHL film 0480629 for "The National Archives, Mexican SC 7562, Wesley Adair, Private, Service: Battln. Iowa Mormon Vols, Can No. 102, Bundle No. 27." File is 38 pages long. I summarize as follows:
      Pp. 23-25: This form is entitled "Invalid Claim for Pension" stamp dated 25 Aug 1884 at the Pension Office. Note the word Invalid is not used not valid but as disabled. Next page of same form stating Wesley Adair enrolled 16 Jul 1847 in Company C commanded by Capt. Brown and was honorably discharged at Los Angeles Cal. On 16 Jul 1847. He 64 years old, 6 feet 0 inches tall, light complexion, light hair, blue eyes. As far as a disability it states: "That while a member of the organization aforesaid, in the service and to the line of his duty in Ariz. on or about the 15th day of Feby, 1847 from exposure during the service in the Mexican War [contracted?] general debility and has him in poor health ever since partly able to support his family." His occupation since has been a farmer which he was also before his enlistment. It also states that he is now totally disabled from obtaining his subsistence from manual labor. Residence is noted as Springerville in Apache County of the Arizona Territory. Witnesses who signed 2 Aug 1884 with original signatures are Samuel J. Adair and James Richey. Wesley Adair also signs.
      P. 27: This page is the claim filed 15 Feb 1887 from Apache Co., Ariz. Territory, which is written over the scratched out Socorro Co. of New Mexico. Wesley Adair appeared in from of Wm. J. Dally, District Court Clerk. Wesley is noted as 67 years old living in Lima in Socorro Co. of New Mexico. His service information is the same as already reported above. It does add that he resided in Arizona 5 years, New Mexico 2 years, and 24 years in Utah. Notes his general debility and that he can't perform manual labor. He has not been in any other military service. Notes that he was married at Washington City, Utah, Sept. 1858 to Rebecca Adair who is living. Notes also that he had previously applied for a pension and land warrant filed 7 Aug 1884. He states he was born in Green County, Alabama, that he is 64 years of age, and 6'-0" tall with light complexion, brown hair, and blue eyes. Current residence is Luna [Lima crossed out], Socorro Co., New Mexico. Original signatures of Wesley Adair and two witnesses, James Richey and William Holgate, are on the form.

      13. "The Record of James Richey," written by James Richey on December 9, 1855 including a few extracts from his journal with memories by his son, James Moroni Richey, edited and compiled by Susan Sherwood Arnett, 928 E. La Vieve Lane, Tempe, AZ, 85284, 602-839-2882, fax 839-2740, email: warnett@amug.org , copy in Washington County Library, 50 So. Main, St. George, Utah, 84770:
      "I was born on the 13th day of August in the year of our Lord 1821, in the United States of America, in the state of Alabama, Pickens County about four miles south of Pickensville, according to the account given me by my father and mother. My father's name is Will, son of Robert Richey who was a native of South Carolina. Rebecca Belton is my grandmother on my father's side and she was born in the state of South Carolina. My mother's name is Margaret, daughter of Thomas and Rebecca Adair. She was also a native of South Carolina.
      The names of my brothers and sisters are as follows: Benjamin, Joseph, Rebecca, Emily Melisse, John B., Martha Ann and Elize Jane (for they were born at one birth), William, Robert, and myself being the first born.
      My father was a mechanic by trade, and I was brought up partly to mechanics and partly to farming. I lived in the State of Alabama 'till I was about ten years old. I then went with my father's family to the State of Mississippi, Noxubee County, to live in what was then known as the Choctaw Indian Purchase. My father settled on government land. We opened a farm, and my brother and I worked on the farm and father worked in the shop, 'till I was about 16 years old. After that I worked on the farm in the spring and summer, and in the fall and winter I worked with father at his trade building machinery to gin cotton and presses to press it into bales for market.
      After I had learned the trade, my brother Benjamin worked with me at the trade, and father stayed at home on the farm. We continued to work in this way 'till the winter of 1843 and 44. We were at work for a man by the name of Henson, about six of seven miles from home. We went home on Saturday evening and returned to work on Monday morning.
      Sometime in the winter of 1843-44, Brothers Clap and Samuel Gurley came into the neighborhood and held a meeting in the school house about a half mile from my father's house. I was not home, being at that time at work with my brother Benjamin at my trade about seven miles from home. On returning home one Saturday evening we found the neighborhood quite excited in consequence of a Mormon elder having preached in the schoolhouse that week, and he was to preach again at the same place one week from the next Sabbath.
      I returned to my work on Monday morning with many thoughts in my mind in regard to that strange people, for I had never heard of them before; but I had resolved in my own mind to go down and hear them preach the next Sabbath. I had heard the Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian and other denominations, and tried to get their religion but was not successful. It seemed to me after reading the bible and reflecting on the principles contained therein, that there was something lacking in all that I had heard preached, when their doctrine was compared with the doctrine preached by Jesus Christ and his apostles, for I had read the Bible and was somewhat acquainted with the principles it contained. I had also felt a void and a lack in my bosom that none of the preaching that I had ever heard had filled.
      So we returned home Saturday evening and found quite an excitement in the neighborhood in consequence of their strange