| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Known as Jane in marriage record and all censuses. Samuel Newton Adair names her Jeney. Tombstone is marked as Virginia. Jeney is certainly a variation of Virginia. Jane is a variation of Jeney.
2. Censuses:
1830 US: Pickens Co., Alabama, pages 111-112. The first three related families are all on the same page, the next four related families are on the next page, and James Adair (with son Joseph) is on p. 129:
Thos. Peeks, males 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 30-40:1.
John Mangum, males 5-10:1; 10-15:2; 15-20:1; 60-70:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 30-40:1.
Cyrus Mangum, males 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 15-20:1.
Saml. Carson, males 20-30:1; females 20-30:1; 80-90:1.
Saml. Adair, males 20-30:1; females 20-30:1.
Thos. Adair, males 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 15-20:1; 50-60:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 40-50:1.
Daniel Clark (next door), males 0-5:1; 30-40:1; females 0-5:1; 20-30:1.
James Adair, males 0-5:2; 15-20:1; 20-30:2 (Joseph b. 1806); 60-70:1; females 15-20:1; 20-30:2; 60-7-:1; no slaves.
1840 US: Northern District, Itawamba Co., Mississippi, related families from full survey of county census:
P. 136a: Samuel Adair, males 0-5:2; 5-10:2; 30-40:1; females 0-5:1; 30-40:1. No slaves listed.
P. 144a: John Mangum, males 15-20:1; 70-80:1; females 10-15:1; 15-20:1; 50-60:1. No slaves listed.
P. 150a: Joseph Adair, males 30-40:1; females 20-30:1. No slaves listed.
P. 156a: Thomas Adair, males 20-30: 1; females 0-5: 1; 15-20:1. No slaves listed.
P. 157a: William Mangum, Jr., males 5-10:1; 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 20-30:1. No slaves listed.
1850 US: Itawamba Co., MS, p. 313A:
George W. Crawford, 40.
Jane, 28.
Armanda F., 8 [sloppy handwriting - may be Aminda].
Thomas J., 5.
John C., 3.
Nancy C., 6/12.
1860 US: Itawamba Co., MS, p. 204 of 357, Fulton P.O., 18 Aug 1860, Thomas and George live next to each other (Thomas is presumed to be the father of George.):
Dwelling/household 1343:
Thomas Crawford, 76, farmer, $550 personal estate, b. VA.
Dwelling/household 1344:
George Crawford, 50, farmer, $300/$100, b. NC.
Jane, 35, AL.
Thomas, 15, farm laborer, MS.
Cyrus, 12, MS.
Nancy, 10, MS.
Flora C., 7, MS.
Mary J., 1, MS.
1870 US: Township 9, Itawamba Co., MS, 20 Aug 1870, Fulton P.O., p. 35 of 44, George Crawford and his son Thomas live next to each other:
Dwelling/family #243:
George Crawford, 55 farmer, $200/$300, SC.
Jane, 55, keeping house, Georgia.
Nancy, 20, MS.
Mary, 14, MS.
George, 12, farm laborer, MS.
Davis, 9, MS.
Paddy (female), 3, MS.
Dwelling/family #244:
Thomas Crawford, 26, farm laborer, MS.
Lousinda, 23, keeping house, MS.
Joseph, 3, MS.
Jane, 3/12, MS.
Cyrus, 22, farm laborer, MS.
1880 US: Cove, Polk, Arkansas per NA Film T9-0054, p. 526D:
G.W. Crawford, 67, farmer, NC VA VA.
Jane, wife, 54, AL VA SC.
Mary J., dau., 21, MS NC AL.
William D., son, 15, MS NC AL.
George W., son, 13, MS NC AL.
Frances Boling, Gdau., 12, MS AL __.
(Note son John C. Crawford shows in same census in Union Co., MS and indicates his father was born in SC and mother in AL.)
1900 US: Twp. 5 N R 3 E, Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory, E.D. 131, Supervisor's District 73, p. 91a shows her living in the household of her son George W. Crawford at dwelling 346 renumbered (350 original), family no. 352 renumbered (348 original):
George W. Crawford, May 1865, 35, md. 5 years, MS AL AL, farmer.
Amber B., wife, Jan 1876, 24, md. 5 years, 2 total children both living, VA VA VA.
William P., son, Jan 1897, 3, Indian Terr. MS VA.
Charlie O., son, Jan 1899, 1, Indian Terr. MS VA.
Jane Crawford, mother, May 1823, widow, 9 total children 5 living, AL Iowa Iowa.
William J. Crawford, nephew, Nov 1879, 20, MS MS MS, day laborer.
Frances A. Weaver, niece, Jan 1870, 30, widow, 1 total child 1 living, MS MS MS.
Next door: Brother of above: William J. Crawford, b. Apr 1861, MS NC AL; wife America b. Aug 1849 with 4 of their children.
3. Early St. George, Utah, temple work shows a daughter of George and Jane Crawford, Araminda Frances Adair, b. 1841 and d. 1860, receiving ordinance work 27 Nov 1877 by Adair relatives. Jane Crawford and her Mormon relatives in southern Utah were still evidently in contact.
4. Biographical info on this individual's father per the book "John Mangum, American Revolutionary War Soldier and Descendants," 1986, p. 7-16, by Delta Ivie Mangum Hale: "John's second wife died, and he was again left a widower. Following her death he moved to Warren County, Ohio, later changed to Clinton County. It was here that he met his third wife, Rebecca Knowles. The were married Jan. 19, 1809 at Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio. (Marriage Licenses of Warren County, No. 1 and 2, p. 30.) Eight children were born to John and Rebecca. In later life he appeared in court to claim his veteran's pension and gave the following statement regarding his places of residence: 'I was born in Mecklenburg County, Virginia on the 19th of Jan 1763, informed by my mother when I was eleven years old, I had it in a book from the time I entered the service. Until 1805 I resided in Newberry District, So. Carolina. In 1805 I moved to Warren County, afterwards Clinton County, Ohio where I resided until 1811. In 1811 I removed to Giles County, Tennessee where I stayed until 1815. In 1815 I came to St. Claire County, Alabama where I stayed until about 1823 or 1824. Then I removed to Pickens County, Alabama where I have lived ever since and now live.' (Package 370, Vol. 3, Veterans Bureau, National Archives, Washington, D.C.) While living at Warren Co., Ohio, John and Rebecca had a daughter, Gemima, born on Sep. 14, 1809. Two children were born after they moved to Tennessee. These were William on Christmas Day 1811 at Murray or Maury, Tennessee, and Rebecca on Aug. 10, 1814 at Giles, Tennessee. Another two children were born at St. Clair, Alabama. These were John, Jr., born June 10, 1817 and James Mitchell, born Jan. 6, 1820. Another son, Joseph, was born about 1822. The record of his birth date, place and picture are not available to date. A daughter, Jane was born July 14, 1824 at Maury, Tennessee, and their last daughter, Lucinda, was born July 20, 1826 at Carlton, Pickens County, Alabama..."
5. Email from Mary Jackson [mailto:jackj@valornet.com] 16 Nov. 2008. Mary is a descendant of George and Virginia through their son Thomas. I asked her what faith George and Virginia followed. She responded:
"I forgot to answer your question about what faith did my family follow. The best that I know, the Crawford line was Baptist. I am Methodist."
PHOTOS:
1. Jane Mangum Crawford per 24 Feb 2003 email of Paula Haymon, a descendant of Jane; . I also have a duplicate of the same photo on file, which I received from John Scott 17n Nov 2008. He compared it to the photo I had received from Paula and confirms that it is the same photo of Virginia except that his was copied from the original.
2. The gravestone of Virginia which reads: "Virginia Crawford, Died Nov. 9, 1904, aged 80 Yrs." Photo courtesy of John Scott.
3. The following is per 2 May 2003 gedcom from Paula Haymon, a descendant of Jane, for George and Jane [there are several descending generations and source documentation on the gedcom that I do not transcribe except for biodata for George and Jane's children and spouses]:
Husband: George Washington Crawford, b: 1810 in North Carolina or South Carolina. Married 8 Jun 1841 in Itawamba, MS. Death: Aft. 1880 in Clarksville, Johnson Co, AR. George's father: Thomas Crawford, b: 1784 in VA.
Wife: Jane Mangum, b. May 1825 in Alabama. Death: 9 Nov 1904 in Beardon, Okfuskee County, OK.
Children:
Amanda Crawford, b: 1842 in Itawamba Co., MS; in 1850 census for Itawamba Co., MS. [Kerry's note: Early St. George, Utah, temple work shows a daughter of George and Jane Crawford, Araminda Frances Adair, b. 1841 and d. 1860, receiving ordinance work 27 Nov 1877 by Adair relatives.]
Thomas Jefferson Crawford, b: 11 Sep 1845 in MS, m. Lucinda Taylor 27 Dec 1866 in Itawamba Co., MS, d. 1923 Ben Lomond, Sevier, AR; in 1850 census for Itawamba Co., MS; in 1900 census of Sevier Co., AR; Lucinda Taylor, b. Jan 1851 in MS. [From Mary Jackson 16 Nov 2008, who is another descendant of Thomas and Lucinda: the gravestones are both found in Ben Lomond, Sevier Co., AR and read "T J Crawford Co D Miss Cav CSA Nov 9, 1845 - Feb 17, 1923" and "Lucinda Crawford, 1851-1920." Mary also has photos of Thomas and his sons.]
John Cyrus Crawford, b: Jun 1848 in Itawamba Co., MS, m. Cassie Brown; may be in Sevier Co. near his brother in the 1900 census under John S.
Nancy Catherine Crawford, b: Mar 1850 in Itawamba Co., MS, m. James Alfred Nixon 27 Feb 1873 at Itawamba Co., MS, d. and bur. Coalgate, Coal, OK. James Nixon b. 1848 in MS, d. 13 Feb 1928 in Calhoun Co., MS, and bur. in Springhill Cemetery in MS.
Flora C. Crawford, b: 1853.
Silas Crawford, b: Abt 1856.
Mary Jane Crawford, b: 1859, d. 20 Nov 1879.
William Jefferson Davis Crawford, b: 28 Apr 1861 in Choctaw Co., MS, m. America J. Miller, d. 1 Jan 1941 at Paden, Okfuskee, OK.
George Washington Crawford, Jr., b: 30 Apr 1864 in Calhoun Co., MS, m. Amber Bell Owen 5 Jan 1896 at Coalgate, Coal, OK, d. 3 Apr 1911 at Battiest, McCurtain, OK. Amber b. 1872 in VA.
4. Virginia Jane's daughter Mary Jane Crawford appears to have had a son, William Jackson Crawford, out of wedlock. The proof is in the 1900 census. William is living with uncle and with his grandmother [Virginia] Jane. The number of children Jane has both living and deceased matches Virginia Jane. Her birth data is off a bit, but within the tolerances of a census which was generally off on some things. The head of the household does match as a son of Virginia Jane. For some reason William does not show up in the 1880 census, but it may be a census taker's error.
I received the following on 19 Feb 2017 from Kelly Taylor , a descendant of William:
"We, too, have wondered where William Jackson Crawford (WJC) was on the 1880 census. That MJC is not the mother of WJC is unbelievable to his grandson (Robert Van Allen, 83 years old) and his 1R1C (Amber Ott, 92 years old). It would also be unbelievable to his daughter (Willie Lee Nora Crawford Allen) who died in 2000. They all knew WJC well and that he had his mother's (MJC) surname because he was born out of wedlock and his father -- the intended groom -- never came back from trying to get a marriage license, and that MJC died shortly after WJC's birth. This is why WJC was raised in households of his grandparents and uncles Davis and George. We always thought that WJC was being passed around from family to family while MJC was dying which is why he wasn't registered in the 1880 Census.
You might well imagine our surprise when two months ago I was contacted by a person named 'Barb' (Ancestry: ghetohound) and learned that Mary Jane Crawford didn't die immediately after birth, that she married Samuel Laird Graham, had children with him, then died. And that she, Barb, was Mary Jane Crawford's 2gg daughter. And, yes, my Dad and Barb have the DNA match as you would expect for 2nd cousins. My poor Dad, his head is spinning, but he told me that he's not surprised that this was hidden from his grandfather -- that Mary Jane Crawford -- actually had other family. It was the late 19th and early 20th century way of handling out of wedlock childbirth. Her brothers and parents would have had to been in on the secret, too.
You asked for my father's DNA. His kit # on GEDMatch is A903539. His Ancestry DNA name will show as R.A. and is linked to Ancestry tree RVAllen. I keep John Mangum/Rebecca Canida in his family tree. He has 15 matches in the John Mangum DNA Circle including a strong match to W.M., 3ggson of John Mangum through John Wesley Mangum. Dad has 14 DNA matches in the Rebecca Canida DNA Circle including strong matches to milfordgrichey, 3ggson of John Mangum through Lucinda Mangum.
We would love to know who WJC's father is. Might it be Samuel Laird Graham? This would mean that WJC would have been conceived before Graham and MJC were married? Can that be proved with DNA with so many years between us? Family tradition says the father might have had the name of Hoskins or Jenkins. I have added those surnames from time to time the RVAllen Ancestry tree to see if I get DNA matches, but I'm not having much luck. If you have any insight on how I might go forward, I would be most appreciative of it.
My father visits WJC's gravesite, often. It is outside Weleetka, Oklahoma in Okfuskee County. He really really, loved his grandfather and has the fondest and best memories of him."
BIRTH:
1. A 14 Jul 1824 date is from LDS Archival Family Group Sheet and Ordinance Index data without documentation and is part of the error passed on for the different individual Jane Brown Mangum (see notes below under marriage) whose birth date at the time of her endowment was shown as 14 Jul 1834. Most Mangum Family researchers in their mix-up of assuming Jane Brown Mangum was Jane Mangum Crawford could not make the 1834 date work in conjunction with known siblings of Jane and consequently assumed the 1834 date was a typo for 1824. The correct date is somewhere between the reported birthdate of May 1823 of the 1900 census and age 80 of the 9 Nov 1904 death date on the tombstone. Considering the birthdates of her siblings, the year 1824 seems most likely. I arbitrarily use May 1824 until more definitive information is found.
MARRIAGE:
1. "Itawamba County Marriage Book 1"at <http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~robfra/marr.html> has about 2 dozen marriages solemnized by "Samuel Adair" starting from mid-1841 to late 1844. A couple of recognizable names include: "George Crawford and Jane Mangum 8 Jun 1841."
2. FHL film 901648 "Marriages of Itawamba Co., Mississippi," vol. 1, p. 49:
"George Crawford to Jane Mangum. To any Minister of the Gospel, Judge of the State of Mississippi, of Judge, Justice, or Officer of Itawamba County authorized to celebrate marriages: Greeting - You are hereby licensed to celebrate the rites of matrimony between George Crawford and Jane Mangum and you will return unto the office of the Probate Court of said County a certificate hereon of the solemnization thereof. Witness J. Robins, Clerk of said Court and the seal thereunto annexed the 7th day of June 1841. J. Robins, Clerk by the Dept. L.J, Copeland."
"In virtue hereof the rites of matrimony between George Crawford and Jane Mangum were duly celebrated by me 8th day of June 1841.
Samuel Adair, Minister of the Gospel."
3. Any marriage to Jedediah M. Brown is incorrect and has been passed down falsely from Delta Hale's book on John Mangum and an incorrect DAR application (Per "California DAR Ancestry Guide" by the California State Society of the National Society of the DAR, 1976: Daughter of John Mangum, Revolutionary War private from South Carolina: "Jennie, b. Jul 14, 1824; m. Jedediah M. Brown."). Delta appears to probably have seen and misinterpreted an LDS temple endowment ordinance that occurred on 17 Dec 1915 in the Salt Lake Temple for a similar but different individual: "Jane Brown Mangum, b. 14 Jul 1834, Murry Co., Tenn., d. 10 Jul 1913, baptized 1893, endowment at the request of Jedediah M. Brown, [who lists himself as] friend, with Agnes A. B. Robinson acting as proxy." (Source: FHLfilm 184114, p. 816, ord. 23301, Salt Lake Temple Records, Endowments for the Dead - Female, Book 2D, 1915-1916.) The immediate entry before is also at the request of Jedediah M. Brown, nephew, for Hannah Catherine Nilsen, b. 27 Dec 1830, Chshire Co., N.H., d. 3 May 1915, p. 18 May 1915, with Lillie O. Brown as proxy. The Jane Brown Mangum endowment then got misentered when placed on a temple index card per FHL film 44640, Salt Lake Temple Index Cards, 1964. The temple index card references the same endowment information and ordinance number from the 1915 work except that the name Brown was dropped, parents' names John Mangum (Sr) 1763 and Rebecca Knowles were added, Jedediah M. Brown was added as husband with no marriage date, and the following note was added; "Baptized 27 May 1964; All prev. Church bless- confirmation ordinances." This was usually due to someone LDS resubmitting the name or work to be done by a family group sheet which had added the erroneous assumed information to the previously untainted 1915 data. The modern online Ordinance Index has in turn picked up the erroneous temple card continuing to show the incorrect information. Many LDS family histories since 1964 continue to use this false data including Jane Brown Mangum's birth and death data which they incorrectly ascribe to our Jane Mangum. Also consider the following:
a. Samuel Newton Adair, a nephew of Jane who grew up with the Mangums, in his writings of family connections as quoted above clearly links George Crawford to "Jeney" Mangum.
b. Itawamba County Marriage Book 1, as quoted above, has Jane's brother-in-law "Samuel Adair" performing the marriage of George Crawford and Jane Mangum on 8 Jun 1841.
c. A continuous census record from 1850 to 1900 shows Jane married to George Crawford all her life. The Jedediah Brown that the false entries approximate birth and marriage as b. ca 1820 at Simpson Co., Mississippi or Murry, Tennessee and supposedly m. ca 1845 does not show up in any census with our Jane.
d. No early LDS ordinance work is done for Jedediah M. Brown married to Jane even though Jedediah was a temple patron in 1915 in Utah. All entries for him married to Jane are from the 1990's with only the falsely approximated birth and marriage dates whereas Jane Brown Mangum's is from late 1800's and early 1900's as noted above.
e. The Jedediah M. Brown who did the work in 1915 is shown in LDS Ancestral File and the IGI is Jedediah Morgan Brown, born 1 Mar 1865 in Bountiful, Davis, Utah to William Brown and Rebecca W. Chapin of Cheshire Co., NH (see other temple work cited above for work done same day as Jane Brown Mangum for his aunt from same area in New Hampshire), Baptism 7 Jul 1878, Endowment: 14 Feb 1888 LOGAN, married and sealed to Elizabeth Otterway 15 Feb 1888 LOGAN, married and sealed to Margaret Ross Leslie 20 Dec 1894 SLAKE, married and sealed to Ellen Copping 2 Jan 1895 in SLAKE temple, d. 30 Aug 1944.
f. The birth date/place and deathdate of Jane Mangum do not match Jane Brown Mangum.
g. I have been in communication with Paula Haymon of Maryland who is a descendant of Jane Mangum and George Crawford. Paula's data is at the following Ancestry.com website: <http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=paulandc&id=I1134&ti=5519>. Paula states: "Although I am becoming increasingly convinced that my Jane is John's daughter, because 'accepted' genealogies have her married to the wrong man [Jedediah Brown] and born in the wrong place, I have to search all the possibilities. That is, I know that my Jane Mangum married in Itawamba County, that the only family of Mangums in Itawamba county are John's family. But as yet, I have no 'smoking gun', so to speak, to directly connect her to him, a will would be handy but does not appear to exist. [These comments were made by Paula before we found Samuel Newton Adair's testimony giving us confidence of the link of George Crawford and Jane.] So, I have been 'proving' the connection by disproving other possibilities, e.g., did a grand daughter come with them to MS, etc. and making associations, e.g., my Jane Mangum and George Crawford were married by Samuel Adair. Curiously, I can find no listing of children for the Mangum - Brown connection, nor can I find a Jedediah, or even a J* Brown in any pertinent census years. I have corresponded via e-mail with Dr. Palmer and he knows of no primary record for the Jedediah Brown marriage. It almost seems as though the Jedediah Brown information was asserted, without any accompanying proof, by a descendant of a collateral line who was trying to get into the DAR. As it wasn't important to the claimant's request for DAR membership, it went unchallenged. I certainly have a lot of information on her, and others, that is of the pass along type and I don't have proof for it yet. The only thing I can surmise for all these Jane Mangum incongruities is that there were three Jane Mangum's born about 1824 - 1826 time frame: one in Tennessee, one in South Carolina, and one in Alabama, John's daughter. The South Carolina Jane Mangum married an M. D. Brown. The Tennessee woman, Sarah Jane Mangum, was born in Hardin County, in 1826 and married Daniel Hitchcock. My Jane Mangum was born in May of 1825, in Alabama, as she reports on most every census. Of course she could have been born in TN while her mother was visiting there and was not aware of it. Curiously, again, Jane Mangum Crawford apparently claimed to one of her children to have been born in Scotland, who knows why, or at what time in her life. Looks like to me that all the Janes were 'stirred' together and came out as one person. Jane Mangum Crawford died in 1904 in Oklahoma. At least her tombstone has that date. If my Jane Mangum is John and Rebecca's daughter, any and all of her work would have been done as proxies, if that's the correct word, as she never became Mormon, but was, I think, a Baptist, as were most of the Crawfords. On searches that I have done for 'Jane Mangum' on familysearch.org, I have noticed that the only marriage that is listed that is from a primary source is the Crawford one, the Jedediah Brown info is not only not primary but and is very vague, e.g. anywhere from 1840-1854 and Tennessee to Alabama to Mississippi for the same event. That's piling on the suspicions for me. I don't have obituaries, but another Crawford cousin is sending photos of Jane's tombstone. I don't know quite why, again, but it has her name as Virginia Crawford. In all official records, she used Jane, not only her marriage but also census. I will ask if they know of any obituaries for them and start searching if they don't. Newspapers were few and far between in Indian Territory for Jane; George has a higher chance as he died in Arkansas."
DEATH:
1. A 10 Jul 1913 date is from Archival Family Group Sheets without documentation and is part of the error passed on for the different individual Jane Brown Mangum (see notes above under marriage). The correct date should be per burial record below.
BURIAL:
1. Per Paula Haymon's gedcom of May 2003: "Tombstone at Beardon, Okfuskee, Oklahoma: 'Virginia Crawford died Nov. 3, 1904, aged 80 yrs.' Double sided monument with America Jane Miller Crawford, wife of William Jefferson Davis Crawford." William is her son and they show up next door to each other in the 1900 census.
2. Email from Mary Mills Jackson [mailto:jackj@valornet.com] 16 Nov 2008. Mary is the great grand-daughter of George and Virginia. Her comments:
"I am so glad that you have the correct information on my great grandmother, Jane Mangum Crawford. I was disappointed in the book that I ordered "John Mangum, American Revolutionary Soldier and Descendants" that on page 19, it had her married to a different man (Jedediah Brown) with a different date of death of 1913 rather than Nov. 1904. I called & talked with Mrs. Dallas Mangum in Utah. She said that they could not guarantee any information in the book was correct.
I found Virginia Crawford's marker in Bearden Cemetery in OK & called and talked with Mrs. Amber Ott (she lives in OK & stated that she had spent 50 yrs doing genealogy research). She said that the back of the marker of Virginia Crawford had her daughter-in-law's name on it (America Crawford).
I am in the process of ordering a grave marker for George Washington Crawford who married Virginia Jane Mangum. He is buried in Falls Chapel Community in what is known as the Penny Cemetery. I want to put on it his wife's name & where she is buried for future generations. My Uncle Jack Crawford and my late brother, Joel "Buddy" Mills III tried to mark where he was buried a number of years ago but they both died before the grave was marked."
SOURCES_MISC:
1. FHL film 2056023-2056026, especially film 5 which contains Mangum-Adair materials. Title is "George Addison Mangum's Genealogical Collection" which is his lifetime work donated to library in 1998; he was born in Utah in 1922, of Blackfoot, ID and is perhaps a brother to Ivey Mangum Hale. Brief summary includes: 2056023, item 1, book of remembrance; item 2, surname index of changes and volumes; item 3, Person materials; 2056024, items 3 thru 6 and 2056026, Mangum/Adair materials. Included are many family group sheets of sidelines and downlines, many of them unconnected.
2. FHL Film 1697868 and book "The Mangums of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, Utah, and Adjoining States," by John T. Palmer, Ph.D. Santa Rosa, CA 95409, 1993, 3rd ed.
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
1824 - 1904 (80 years)