| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives [note that author has an additional two earlier books on the same subject: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991), both of which I have reviewed without finding our Fredericks]:
"Johann Peter Friederich. Peter Freidrick was naturalized 3 July 1759 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). On 8 Jul 1761, the petition of Peter Frederick was referred (see 'Land Patents' 16:45; also 'New York Colony, Calendar of Council Minutes 1668-1783,' compiled by Berthold Fernow, p. 404). Petter Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). Johann Peter Frederich and wife Anna Veronica (Phronica) had issue:
a. Philip, banns registered to marry 11 Nov 1752 Maria Sophia Salzer/Sals (Schoharie Reformed Chbk). Some of their ch. are found bpt. in the Ogilvie Records, Trinity Church, NY City. Philip Frederick was naturalized 11 Sep 1761 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). Philip Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). The will of a Philip Frederick of Florida was dated 7 May 1804 (Montgomery Co. Wills Vol. 1).
b. Bernhard, bpt. as 'Barent' July 1739 - sp: Barent Vroman and Engel (Fort Hunter Chbk). A Bernhard Friedrich md. 6 Jan 1771 Dorothea Schenck (Stone Arabia Reformed Chbk).
c. Anna Magdalena, bpt. June 1741 - sp: Joseph... (Fort Hunter Chbk).
d. Johann Jacob, bpt. 5 June 1743 - sp: Hans Huber and Jacob Naef and wife (Fort Hunter Chbk).
e. Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).
f. Frans (HJ), the Frans Fredrick who md. 30 Dec 1774 Susanna Cosaadt (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk). A chapter on Francis Frederick, b. Aug 1753 at Florida Twp., Montgomery Twp., is to be found in 'The Bloodied Mohawk,' by Ken D. Johnson, p. 410."
[Kerry's notes: I have seen the book "The Bloodied Mohawk" in regards to Franz and it only contains information from his pension application, which I already have on file. Please also note that the author incorrectly assigns Frans as a child of Peter - he was a grandson, not a son. In regards to Ludwig, this is the only reference I can find of him whatsoever; there does not seem to be any christening record for him and his being listed a child of Peter is possible and perhaps likely but not proven. Please also note that even though some church records for the Fredericks are found in New York City Church records, this is only because clergymen from those Churches would travel up to "Mohawk" land. Note also that the Fredericks would use varying Protestant Churches in the vicinity depending apparently on which direction they were traveling or where there was a clergyman available to perform the rites.]
2. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Madalena, b. 4 Dec 1774, bp. 16 Apr 1775, parents: Lodewyk Frederick and Alida Miller. Sp. Peter Service, Jr. and Lena Service.
3. The periodical “The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record,†Vol. 142 (2011): 219-222, 305, “Major Jelles Fonda’s Store Ledger, 1756-94, Caughnawaga, New York,†contributed by Karen Mauer Green, C.G.*
“Jelles Douwse Fonda was a prominent merchant and land speculator in the Mohawk Valley before, during, and after the Revolutionary War. He recorded his business transactions in an account book,[1] providing a fascinating glimpse into daily life of the Mohawk Valley during this period. The region's inhabitants living along the river and in outlying settlements--Tories and Patriots, prominent and ordinary-bought goods from him and paid him with the products of their labor. The resulting ledger reveals relationships, residences, and occupations for many area citizens.
Jelles was born 24 March 1726/7, in Schenectady, son of Douw Jellese Fonda and Maritje Vrooman.[2] He fought in the French and Indian War as a first lieutenant,[3] and some say he was the Major Jelles Fonda who fought at the Battle of Oriskany during the Revolutionary War.[4] He was called Capt. Jellis Fonda, commander of a company of exempts during the Revolutionary War,[5] with no explanation of the apparent demotion.[6] After the war he was known in the area as Major Fonda, but there is no record of the governor promoting him;[7] the title may have been used as an expression of respect. He served as a county judge, a justice of the peace, and a county supervisor in Tryon and Montgomery counties,[8] and was elected a senator representing the Western District in the first session of the New York State Senate, which convened in Kingston 9 September 1777.[9] He served as a senator 1779-81 and 1788-91, and died while in office,[10] 23 July 1791, at Caughnawaga.[11]
The New York State Historical Association Library in Cooperstown purchased Fonda's ledger in April 1953 from John Wyman of Fonda, New York, but its provenance before that date is unknown. Inside the front cover is Jelles Fonda's script: "Jelles Fonda's Ledger. Commencing January 1786." A partially alphabetized, contemporary index makes up the opening pages of the volume. Although the book technically covers the years 1786 to 1791, Fonda transferred accounts from ledgers dating back to 1756, and his executors made notations from the time of his death in 1791 through 1794. Each account entry spans two pages, with debts owed to Fonda on the left and account payments on the right. Each double-page spread contains from one to four customer accounts. One page number was assigned for each double page. The volume is in extremely fragile condition and cannot be photocopied.
Jelles Fonda's handwriting appears throughout the ledger. His executors, son-in-law John S. Yates and son Douw Jelles Fonda,[12] made notes on existing accounts as they attempted to collect on debts owed to the estate. Several unidentified people also made entries in the ledger, mostly in English, but some in Dutch. Some of these were probably family members; others were employees.
Fonda's spelling was inconsistent. Certain words, especially names, he spelled different ways even within the same account entry (for example, Mabie and Meaby, Haydock and Haddock, Quackenbush and Quack, Stone Rabi and Stone Arabia). Other words were regularly misspelled (for example, shews for shoes, shuger for sugar, stoccans for stockings). Fonda often spelled names one way in the account book and another in his index. Those discrepancies have been noted in the abstracts. Names and place names in the text are spelled as they were in the ledger. Fonda generally capitalized occupations and other words that would normally be lower case; that has been preserved in the abstracts where appropriate. Middle initials often lacked the modern period, but it has been inserted here for readability. Fonda followed the Mohawk Valley custom of differentiating between men with similar names by adding a patronymic initial to his first name. There are certainly exceptions, but when researching in this culture, this initial is frequently a valuable clue to the father's identity.
The meaning of the dates given in the ledger and abstracted here is unclear. At the beginning of the book, Fonda transferred unpaid accounts from earlier ledgers into this one. Dates in that context appear to reference the date of the customer's last transaction with Fonda, some as early as 1756. Later in the ledger, the first date seemed to be the date that the account was transferred to the later book. Without access to earlier ledgers, the meaning of these dates cannot be determined with certainty, and caution should be exercised in their interpretation. Accounts transferred from previous ledgers are designated in these abstracts as "[date], from Ledger [#]." Those accounts that have not been transferred from other ledgers are newly established accounts (or sometimes a reopening of a settled account). For this type of account, the date of the first purchase or the date Fonda became indebted to the customer is noted below as "[date]."
The entries are not arranged chronologically. Even entries for new accounts are not chronological, possibly because Fonda was transferring them from loose pieces of paper or from his so-called "Day Book," in no particular order. Fonda kept most day-to-day transactions in his day book, his record of what people bought and what they paid, usually without credit. Some short-term loans were recorded in the day book and then transferred to the ledger if left unpaid. He apparently had agents in various locations who also kept day books. Perhaps the out-of-order entries are a result of the accounts managed by the agents being transferred into the ledger.
Bartering was the common mode of exchange in this society. There was some money in circulation, but most payments were made in goods and produce, by working for Fonda, or by a note promising to pay in goods or labor. Accounts with Fonda were sometimes paid by someone who owed the customer money and vice versa, yet another form of bartering. He operated an ashery, collecting ashes to be used to make soap or boiled down to make potash for the production of glass, and his customers frequently paid by bringing him skipples[13] of ashes.
Individual accounts vary in the detail given. Some entries contain little more than what is abstracted here; others are rich with the minutiae of everyday life. A customer's purchases can be a fascinating glimpse into his household, but have not been abstracted here unless the goods purchased suggest an occupation. Some details of payments on the debtor's account have been abstracted because they provide insight into how he earned his living and paid his debts.
[The entries for Frederick:]
8. Peter Fredrick,[16] 29 November 1775, from Ledger 6; balance paid by Peter's "Son Jacob"
51. Lodewick Fredrick,[55] 8 December 1774, from Ledger 7; "Canada" (perhaps Loyalist)
Footnotes:
* 113 Pioneer St., Cooperstown, N.Y., 13326 (karenmauergreen gmail.com). Ms. Green is coeditor of THE RECORD. Published courtesy of the New York State Historical Association [NYSHA] Library, Cooperstown, N.Y. The author would like to thank Wayne Wright, Head Librarian, Research Library, NYSHA, and Mark Fonda for their contributions to this article.
1. Jelles Fonda Store Ledger No. 10, Sp. Coll. 157.V1, Special Collections, NYSHA Library, Cooperstown, N.Y. Library personnel wrote the following inside: "Fonda, Jelles, 1727-1791, Fonda, Mohawk Township, Montgomery. Ledger of Fonda the Merchant, 1772-1791." These dates are inaccurate, as shown in the text.
2. Arthur C. M. Kelly, “Baptam Record of Scbenectady Reformed Cburch, 1694-1811†(Rhinebeck, N.Y.: [Kinship], 1987), 36.
3. New York State Historian, “Second Annual Report of the State Historian of the State of New York†(Albany, N.Y.: Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford Co., 1897), 640, 702, 705, 748, 786, 801. Jelles is identified as "Elias Fonda" on p. 640; as "Jellws Funds" on p. 702; and as "Jelles Fonda" on pp. 705, 748, 786, and 801. In each listing he is a first lieutenant serving in the same regiment with the same officers.
4. Hugh Hastings, ed., “Public Papers of George Clinton, First Governor of New York, 1777-1795, 1801-1804,†10 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: New York State, 1899-1914), 2:283-86, 741-43. Maryly B. Penrose, “Mohawk Valley in the Revolution: Committee of Safety Papers and Genealogical Compendium†(Franklin Park, NJ.: Liberty Bell Associates, 1978,) 33, 132. He may be confused with his first cousin Jellis Jacobse Fonda (note 7).
5. New York State Comptroller, “New York in the Revolution as Colony and State,†2 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: J. B. Lyon and Company, 1904), 1:185.
6. Again, he may be confused with his first cousin (see note 7), Capt. Jells Jacobse Fonda of Albany, who has also been credited with this position. See Mark Fonda, Fonda Family Genealogy (http://www.fonda.org/index.htm).
7. See Hugh Hastings, ed., “Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New York, 1783-1821,†4 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: New York State, 1901). This record shows Jellis J[acobse] Fonda of Albany County promoted to major in the militia 3 Oct. 1786 (p. 105), but this was a first cousin of Jelles Douwse Fonda (1727-91). (See [no author] "The Fonda Family, Part II," The Dutch Settlers Society of Albany Yearbook†49 [1984-87]: 30, 33.)
8. Washington Frothingham, “History of Montgomery County†(Syracuse, N.Y.: D. Mason and Co., 1892), 113. Hastings, “Public Papers of George Clinton†(note 4), 3:415, 5:593. Fonda did not move, but the jurisdiction changed names (Tryon to Montgomery) in 1784 (J. H. French, “Gazetteer of the State of New York†[Syracuse, N.Y.: R. Pearsall Smith, 1860), 407).
9. “New York in the Revolution†(note 5), 2:154.
10. “New York in the Revolution†(note 5), 2:155-56. Frothingham, “History of Montgomery County†(note 8), 110.
11. Jellis Fonda obituary, “Albany Gazette,†27 June 1791, p. 2, col. 1. Jelles Fonda tombstone, Caughnawaga Cemetery, Caughnawaga, N.Y., digital image, memorial #20,416,521, Find A Grave (http://www.findagrave.com).
12. Jelles Fonda will, dated 27 May 1791, Montgomery Co., N.Y., Wills 1:52.
13. From the Dutch "schepel," containing about three-quarters of a bushel.
16. Indexed as Peter Frederick.
55. Indexed as Lodewick Frederick.â€
4. Posting on Ancestry.com accessed 27 Sep 2019 <https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/tree/6517724/person/-1179272203/media/aa0ecb55-94b6-4ac6-afd1-042d1fb99bc8:
"Both Barent and Lodewyk were Loyalists during the War of Independence (as were many of their neighbors).
"The Old United Empire Loyalist List" (pub 1969, Ontario Genealogical Society - originally published as "The Centenial of the Settlement of Upper Canada by United Empire Loyalists, 1774-1784; pub. 1885) lists "Barnet" Frederick and Lodwick Frederick on the muster role in Appendix B.
Both are listed as men of the King's Royal Regiment of New York, Sir John Johnson's Corps according to J. F. Pringle's "Lunenburgh, or the Old Eastern District." This same book lists "Names of owners given in McNiff's Map, dated 1st Nov 1786" and shows Lodk. Frederick and Bern'd Frederick in Township No. 5 (now Matilda), Concession 1, Lot 16. (I have not personally veiwed McNiff's Map but am very interested in finding it at some time.)
"Early Ontario Settlers, A Source Book" by Norman K. Crowder shows the Provisioning Lists for the Loyalists in Ontario. The 13 Oct 1784 List for Township No. 5 (Matilda) shows both Barent and Lodwick with only 1 man each. However, they are also listed in Township No. 4 (Williamsburg) with Lodowick showing 1 man, 1 woman and 1 girl over 10 and a note "Family coming up this fall." The 1786 Provisioning List shows "Barrent Fradrick" with 1 man and 1 woman. "Lowick Fradrick" has 1 man, 1 woman, 2 boys over 10 and 1 girl age 10 (total 5).
Barent Frederick and Dorothea were frequent sponsors for family baptisms up until the early 1780's but disappear from the New York church records after this. Barent's role in the Revolution is confusing. He also appears on a list of Fonda's "Exempts" and apparently collected pay for his services. "Exempts" were typically elderly or disabled so it is not clear why Barent was on this Rol. And it is not clear when or why he was also a Loyalist. As noted above, they were living in Canada by 1784. I have not been able to find any record of any children and the Provision Lists show only 2 adults. I also have not found records of where or when Barent and Dorothea died, whether in Dundas or back in New York.
Lodewyk and Alida Miller apparently had 2 children. A "son" is mentioned as being sent to Canada with Sir John Johnson in his Claim of United Empire Loyalists (see Photocopy). His daughter Madelena was born 4 Dec 1774 according to her Baptismal Records. According to "The Sons and Daughters of American Loyalists" by Reid, Lodewyk's daughter "Leany" (most likely Madelena) married Philip Shaver. The "children" in the Provisioning Lists mentioned above for 1786 could be his son, daughter and her husband. There is no further record of Lodewyk's son.
There are many Shavers in later census in Matilda Twp. "Loyalist Lineages of Canada" lists Phillip Shaver, Sr. b. 1731 Nassau, Germany, d. 1805 , bur Ang Cem, Iroquois, UC and wife Elizabeth Angst and their children including Phillip Jr., but I could not find any further information about Phillip and "Leany". The "Shaeffer Loyalist Linages" on Three Rivers website gives an extensive genealogy of the families along with additional sources. According to this source Philip Shaver and Laney are also buried in the Anglican Cemetery in Iroquois, Matilda, Dundas, Ontario.
By the 1851 Dundas Co, Ontario Census there were no Fredericks listed. An 1879 Map of Matilda Township (McGill University County Atlas Project) shows Concession 1, Lot 16 belonging to P. Shaver 60 ac., Guy Shaver 40 ac., A. Brouse 66 ac., and S. Shaver 33 ac. (also 33 ac. in adoining Lot 16).
(By mfred1234 - 13 Aug 2008)"
5. Loyalist claims by brothers Barent and Lodewick Frederick in the book "United Empire Loyalists: Enquiry Into the Losses and Services in Consequence of Their Loyalty. Evidence in the Canadian Claims, Part 1," Ontario. Department of Public Records and Archives; Alexander Fraser; January 1, 1905, order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, L.K. Cameron, pp. 473-4:
"A New CLAIM. 432. Evidence on the Claim of BARNET FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir John Johnson’s 1st Batal. in Montreal, 1783, & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne. (24).
He is a native of America. In 1775 he lived on the Mohawk river. Never joined the rebels in any respect. He did not come to Canada until 1780, joined Sir John Johnson & served the remainder of the \Var. Resides at New Johnston.
100 acres Land from the Children of Sir Peter Warner. It was later a Lease for ever. He lived there 6 years & cleared 30 acres it had a House & Barracks on it. He left stock, 10 Horses, 3 Milch Cows, 3 Heifers, 6 Sheep. All of these were taken by the rebels. Household furniture & farming utensils. Wits. Lodwick FREDERICK sworn:
Says he had cleared about 20 acres on his farm. He had a very good stock, 8 Horses & Cows. All taken by the rebels.
A New CLAIM. 433. Evidence on the Claim of Lodowick FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir Jonn Johnson’s 1st Batal. in 1783 & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne.
He was born in America in 1775. He lived on the Mohawk river. He did not come to Canada until 1780, but before that he never joined the rebels. He sent his son to Canada with Sir John Johnson.
He enlisted while in the States in Sir John Johnson’s Regt. & served the remainder of the war in his Corps. He now lives in the 5th Township of N. Johnson. 100 acres on the Mohawk river on Lease forever. He had a Warrant for it. 80 acres were cleared.
He had a House. Barn, &c. on it. He left 16 Horses, a yoke of oxen, 6 Cows, 2 Heifers, 24 Sheep, Hogs, furniture & farming utensils. Says the rebels turned his wife out of Doors & took all these things.
Wits. BARNET FREDK. sworn: Says his Br. had all cleared on his farm. He had it from their father. His stock was twice as good as Wits. It was taken by the rebels.
Wits. JOHN SMITH sworn: Knew Lodowick Frederick on the Mohawk. Cannot tell why he did not come in the first of the War. Says that most of his farm was cleared. He was a man of good circumstances."
MARRIAGE:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives: "Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).
2. Marriage records of "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga: now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.:
Lodewyk Frederick and Alida Miller, 21 Mar 1774.
Frans Frederick and Susanna Cosaadt, 30 Dec 1774.
Frans Cosaadt and Nancy Johnson, 20 Jun 1777.
Thomas Van Horne and Maria Frederick, 21 Oct 1779.
Peter Frederick and Elizabeth Marlet, 21 Oct 1779 [same time as Thomas Van Horne.]
(Illegible) Mair? and the daughter of Philip Fredrick, 23 Jan 1788. [Could this be Hendrick Mower and Elizabeth Frederick?]
Christian Plank and Hannah Frederick, 1 Jan 1801.
George Frederick and Caty Cag, 21 Feb 1803.
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
Aft 1743 - 