| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“DUNCAN II, King of Scots, son and heir by his father's 1st marriage. He was a hostage to King William the Conqueror in 1072. He was released and knighted by King William II of England in 1087. He married about 1090 ETHELREDA (or OCTREDA) OF NORTHUMBERLAND, daughter of Gospatric I, Earl of Northumberland. They had two sons, Alexander and William. He became King of Scots after he deposed his uncle, King Donald Bane, in May 1094. In 1094 he gave lands to the church at Durham, Dunferm]ine, and St. Andrews. He was insnared and betrayed by his half-brother, Edmund, and his paternal uncle, Donald Bane, 12 Nov. 1094. Duncan II, King of Scots, was killed by Malpeder MacLoen, morrnaer of the Meams, at Monacheden 12 Nov. 1094. He was buried at Iona.
Nicolson & Burn Hist. & Antiqs. of the Counties of Westmorland & Cumberland 2 (1777): 69-77. Hutchinson Hist. of the County of Cumberland 2 (1794): 27-28 (Lucy-Multon ped.). Dalrymple Annals of Scotland 1 (1797): 52-54. Rud Codcum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 217 ("Id. Nov. [13 Nov.]. Ob. Malcolmus et Dunecanus Reges Scottorum et Margarita Regina"). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 2-3 (sub Kings of Scotland); 3 (1906): 241-245 (sub Dunbar, Earl of Dunbar). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to AD. 1153 (1905): 271 ("The older writers call Duncan `nothus,' a bastard, but when Torfxus relying on the Orkneyinga Saga, stated that Malcolm Canmore had married Ingibiorg, the widow of Earl Thorfin, and had by her a son, Duncan, later Scottish historians began to consisder Duncan to be legitimate."), 273 ("The Orkneyinga Saga stated that 'King Melkolf and Ingibiorg had a son Dungad, King of Scotland, the father of William, who was a good man. His son was William the Noble, whom all the Scots wished to take for their King' (Coll. de Rebus Alban., p. 346). In 1179 King William the Lion had some trouble with a revolt of the men of Ross and Moray under a claimant who (Fordun says) 'pretended to be the son of William the son of Duncan the Bastard."). Notes & Queries 10th Ser. 3 (1905): 107-108 (D.M.R. suggests that Duncan II, King of Scots [died 10941, may have married a daughter of Lulach of Moray, rather than Ethelreda, sister of Waldef). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34, 37-40. Anderson Early Sources of Scottish Hist. 1 (1922). Hedley Northumberland Fams. 1(1968): 238-241. Anderson Early Sources of Scottish Hist. 2 (1990): 36-39. Barrow Kingship & Unity: Scotland, 1000-1306 (1989). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999). Duncan Kingship Of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003). Magnusson Scotland. The Stag of a Nation (2003): 62. Haskins Soc. Jour. 19 (2008): 108-110. Potter Gothic Kings of Britain: The Lives of 31 Medieval Rulers, 1016-1399 (2009).
Children of King Duncan II, by Ethelreda (or Octreda) of Dunbar:
i. ALEXANDER FITZ DUNCAN. He witnessed a charter of his uncle, King Alexander I, c. 1120. Liber Ecclesie de Scone (1863): 13 (charter of Alexander I, King of Scots, and his wife, Queen Sibyl; charter 'witnessed by his nephew [nepos], Alexander). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 28-30 (charter of Alexander I, King of Scots, dated c.1120), 262.
ii. WILLIAM FITZ DUNCAN [see next].â€
2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,†Douglas Richardson (2013):
“MALCOLM III (CEANNMORE), King of the Cumbrians, King of Scots, eldest son of Duncan I, King of Scots, by ___, cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland, born about 1031. He defeated and killed Macbeth, King of Scots at Lunfanan, Mar 15 August 1057. He became King of Scots on the defeat and death of Lulach 17 March 1057/8. He was crowned at Scone 25 April 1058. In 1061 he invaded England, and ravaged Northumberland and Lindisfarne. He married (1st) INGEBIORG (or INGIBJORG), widow of Earl Thorfin Sigurdson the Mighty, Earl of Orkney (died about 1064), and daughter of Earl Finn Arnason. They had three sons, Duncan [King of Scots], Malcolm, and Donald. His wife, Ingebiorg, died 17 Feb., year unknown. He married (2nd) at Dunfermline, Fife in 1068-9 [SAINT] MARGARET, daughter of Edward the Ætheling, by his wife, Agatha, kinswoman of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. They had six sons, Edward, Edmund [Prince of Cumbria, afterwards a monk], Ethelred [Earl of Fife, Abbot of Dunkeld], Edgar [King of Scots], Alexander [I] [King of Scots], and David [I] [King of Scots], and two daughters, Maud and Mary. He invaded England in the spring of 1069/70, and ravaged Teesdale, Cleveland, Holderness, and the country between the Tees and the Tyne. In 1072 King William the Conqueror invaded Scotland by land and sea, and King Malcolm gave hostages and became 'his man' about 15 August 1072. In 1072 he granted lands in Lothian to his kinsman, Gospatric, who was deprived of the earldom of Northumberland by King William the Conqueror. He and his wife, Margaret, granted Ballichristian to the Culdees of Lochleven. He expelled Malsnectai, mormaer of Moray in 1078. In 1079 he devasted Northumberland as far as the Tyne. He harried a great part of the north of England in 1091; he and King William II of England made peace in Sept. 1091. He was present at the laying of the foundation stone at Durham Cathedral 11 August 1093. In August 1093 he went to Gloucester, where King William II refused to receive him. At the beginning of November 1093 he invaded England again. MALCOLM III, King of Scots, was killed by Morel of Bamborough at Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov. 1093. He was initially buried at Tynemouth, but his son, King Alexander I, later removed his body to Dunfermline, Fife. His widow, Margaret, died at Edinburgh Castle 16 Nov. 1093, and was buried before the high altar in the church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, Fife. She was canonized by Pope Innocent IV in 1250.
Dalrymple Annals of Scotland 1 (1797): 1-50. Rod Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 215 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "XIII. Kal. Mar. [17 Feb.]. Ob. Ingeberga Comitissa"), 218 ("Id. Nov. [13 Nov.]. Ob. Malcolmus et Dunecanus Reges Scottorum et Margarita Regina"). Burton Hist. of Scotland 1 (1867): 350 ("Malcolm the son of Duncan is known as Malcolm III., but still better perhaps by his characteristic name of Canmore, said to come from the Celtic 'Cenn Mór,’ meaning 'great head."). Turgot Life of St Margaret, Queen of Scotland (1884). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 7 (Notitia of a grant by King Malcolm III and Queen Margaret to the Keledei of Loch Leven dated 1070-93), 7-8 (letter from Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury to Margaret, Queen of Scotland dated 1070-89), 8-9 (charter of King Malcolm III to the Church of Dunfermline dated 1070-93), 271 ("The older writers call Duncan `nothus,’ a bastard, but when Torfæus relying on the Orkneyinga Saga, stated that Malcolm Canmore had married Ingibiorg, the widow of Earl Thorfin, and had by her a son, Duncan, later Scottish historians began to consider Duncan to be legitimate."). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Anderson Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers (1908). Anderson Early Sources of Scottish Hist. 1 (1922.) Ritchie Normans in Scotland (1954). Duquesne Review 7 (1962): 71-80. Palsson & Edwards Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney (1978). Anderson Kings & Kingship in Early Scotland (1980). Barrow Kingship & Unity: Scotland, 1000-1306 (1989). Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. NEHGR 152 (1998): 224-235. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999). Barrell Medieval Scotland (2000). Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.). Dunlop Queen Margaret of Scotland (2005).
Children of King Malcolm III, by Ingebiorg of Orkney:
i. DUNCAN II, King of Scots, married ETHELREDA (or OCTREDA) OF DUNBAR [see HARINGTON 2].
ii. MALCOLM OF SCOTLAND. He witnessed a charter of his brother, king Duncan II, in 1094. His subsequent history is unknown. Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34.
iii. DONALD OF SCOTLAND, died in 1085. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Duncan Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom (1975): 118. Magnusson Scotland: The Story of a Nation (2003): 62.
Children of King Malcolm III, by [Saint] Margaret:
i. EDWARD OF SCOTLAND. He was wounded at Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov. 1093, and died at Edwardsisle near Jedburgh 16 Nov. 1093. He was buried in Dunfermline, Fife. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999): 196. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
ii. EDMUND OF SCOTLAND. He joined his uncle, Donald Bane, against his half-brother, King Duncan II, and seems to have ruled the parts of Scotia south of the Firths of Forth and Clyde, from 12 Nov. 1094 to October 1097. He subsequently became a monk and died at Montague, Somerset. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
iii. ETHELRED, Abbot of Dunkeld. He gave lands to the Culdees of Lochleven. At his death, he was buried in the church at Kilrimont. Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 1-2 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
iv. EDGAR, King of Scots, born about 1074. He witnessed a charter of his half-brother, King Duncan II, in 1094. He became King of Scots after his uncle, King Donald Bane, had been deposed, with the help of the English under Egdar Atheling (his mother's brother) about 8 October 1097. He gave lands to the church at Durham, Coldingham, Dunfermline, and St. Andrews. He took his uncle, Donald Bane, ex-King of Scots, prisoner in 1099. He died unmarried at Edinburgh Castle 8 Jan. 1106/7, and was buried before the great altar in the church at Dunfermline, Fife. Rud Codicam Manuscriptomm Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 215 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "III. Id. Jan. [11 Jan.]. Ob. Ædgarus Rex Scottorum"). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 3 (sub Kings of Scotland). Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34, 45-49. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Broun Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots (1999): 196. Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003). Oram David I: The King Who Made Scotland (2004). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.).
v. ALEXANDER I, King of Scots, younger son, born about 1077. He married SIBYL OF ENGLAND [see ENGLAND 2.viii], illegitimate daughter of Henry I, King of England, by an unknown mistress [see ENGLAND 2 for her ancestry]. They had no issue. By an unknown mistress, he had an illegitimate son, Malcolm. He became King of Scotland in 1107 on the death of his elder brother, Edgar, King of Scots. He and his wife, Sibyl, founded the monastery of Scone in Perthshire in 1113-14. He was also a benefactor to Durham and Dunfermline. He invaded Wales in summer 1114, in cooperation with King Henry I of England. His wife, Sibyl, died suddenly at Loch Tay 12 July 1122. ALEXANDER I, King of Scots, died at Stirling 23 April 1124, and was buried before the great altar at Dunfermline, Fife near his father. Rud Coclicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis (1825): 216 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "VII. Kal. Mali [25 April]. Ob. Alexander Rex Scottorum et Soror ejus Matildis Regina Anglorum."), 216 (Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "VI. Id. Jul. [10 July] Ob. Sibilla Regina Scottorum."). Banks Genealogical Hist. of Divers Fams of the Ancient Peerage of England (1826): 301-305. Guizot Hist. des Ducs de Normandie par Guillaume de Jumiège (1826): 284-286 (Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des Normands, Liv. VIII, Chap. XXIX). Turnbull Extracta E Variis Cronicis Scocie (1842): 68 (Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie sub A.D. 1122: "Sibilla, illustris regine Scocie, uxor regis Alexandri, filia Henrici Beuclerk regis Angie, apud Lochtay cellam canonicorum de Scona obiit anno Domini Moc.xxij"). Thorpe Florentii Wigorniensis monachi Chronicon ex chronicis 2 (1849): 78 (sub A.D. 1123: "Alexander rex Scottorum, VII. kal. Maii [25 April], obiit."). Liber Ecclesie de Scone (1863): 1-3 (charter dated c.1120 of Alexander I, King of Scots, and his wife, Queen Sibyl, "daughter of Henry, King of England" [filia Henrici Regis Anglia]; charter witnessed by his "nephew" [nepos], Alexander, and by William, "brother of the queen" [frater regine]). Scots Peerage 1 (1904): 3 (sub Kings of Scotland). Lawrie Early Scottish Charters prior to A.D. 1153 (1905): 28-30 (charter of Alexander I, King of Scots, dated c.1120), 262. Dunbar Scottish Kings (1906): 25-34, 50-57. CP. 11(1949): Appendix D, 105-121. Schwennicke Europaische Stammtafeln 3(2) (1983): 354 (illegitimate children of King Henry I of England). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): XII.655, XIII.205. Fryde & Greenway Handbook of British Chronology (1996): 57. Harper-Bill Anglo-Norman Studies XXI (1999): 145-168. Duncan Kingship of the Scots 842-1292 (2002). Barrow Kingdom of the Scots (2003): 1541-56. Jour. of Medieval Hist. 29 (2003): 129-151. Oram David I: The King Who Made Scotland (2004). Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 313 (Scotland ped.). Green Henry I, King of England & Duke of Normandy (2006): Appendix I, Chart 2 (chart).
vi. DAVID I, King of Scots [see next].
vii. MAUD OF SCOTLAND, married HENRY I, King of England, Duke of Normandy [see ENGLAND 2].
viii. MARY OF SCOTLAND, married EUSTACE III, Count of Boulogne and Lens (see BOULOGNE 2].â€
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
