Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy

George Washington Adair

Male 1837 - 1909  (72 years)


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  • Name George Washington Adair 
    Born 27 Jun 1837  , Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Male 
    Died 9 Sep 1909  Hammond, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Buried 11 Sep 1909  Hammond Cemetery, Hammond, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Person ID I1837  Petersen-de Lanskoy
    Last Modified 27 May 2021 

    Father Samuel Jefferson Adair,   b. 28 Mar 1806, , Laurens, South Carolina, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 6 Jul 1889, Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 83 years) 
    Mother Jemima Catherine Mangum,   b. 14 Sep 1809, , Warren, Ohio, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 28 Apr 1848, Mount Pisgah, Union, Iowa, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 38 years) 
    Married 3 Dec 1829  , Pickens, Alabama, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F98  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Ann Catherine Chestnut,   b. 11 Apr 1844, , , Missouri, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 27 Mar 1863, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 18 years) 
    Married 8 Nov 1858  of Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Children 
     1. George Washington Adair,   b. 26 Jan 1861, Santa Clara, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 10 Jan 1934, Bloomfield, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 72 years)
     2. Jemima Ann Adair,   b. 27 Mar 1863, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 2 Jan 1919, Junction, Piute, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 55 years)
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F128  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 2 Emily Prescinda Tyler,   b. 28 Jan 1847, Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 11 Mar 1917, Hammond, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 70 years) 
    Married 28 Jan 1864  of Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Children 
     1. Olive Parintha Adair,   b. 27 Nov 1864, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 28 Nov 1864, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 0 years)
     2. Emily Jane Adair,   b. 28 Dec 1865, Washington, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 3 Oct 1949, New Harmony, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 83 years)
     3. Daniel Tyler Adair,   b. 3 Dec 1867, Beaver, Beaver, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 19 Sep 1901, New Harmony, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 33 years)
     4. Samuel P. Adair,   b. 3 Mar 1870, Beaver, Beaver, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 30 Jan 1871, of Beaver, Beaver, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 0 years)
     5. William Albert Adair,   b. 7 Feb 1872, Beaver, Beaver, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 18 Nov 1927, Bluff, San Juan, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 55 years)
     6. John Washington Adair,   b. 10 Feb 1874, Kanab, Kane, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 18 Apr 1957, Holbrook, Navajo, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 83 years)
     7. George Newton Adair,   b. 23 Mar 1876, Kanab, Kane, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 23 Nov 1899, New Harmony, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 23 years)
     8. Ruth Alice Adair,   b. 16 Sep 1878, Kanab, Kane, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 25 Nov 1920, Moapa Valley, Clark, Nevada, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 42 years)
     9. Joseph Welton Adair,   b. 17 Jun 1881, Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 9 Nov 1926, near Pintura, Washington, Utah, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 45 years)
     10. Rufus Nathaniel Adair,   b. 16 Sep 1884, Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 28 Apr 1959, Farmington, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 74 years)
     11. Edna Irene Adair,   b. 20 Jan 1887, Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona, United States Find all individuals with events at this location,   d. 10 Apr 1937, Farmington, San Juan, New Mexico, United States Find all individuals with events at this location  (Age 50 years)
    Last Modified 28 May 2021 
    Family ID F448  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Notes 
    • RESEARCH_NOTES:
      1. Some report 12 children in marriage with Emily Tyler, but 12 is in error.

      2. Jemima Ann Adair, George's oldest daughter, was born 27 Mar 1863 at "The Muddy." I emailed Harold Cahoon , historian of Washington, Utah to find out where "The Muddy" was. His response: "The Muddy of which I am not an expert is south of Washington in the towns of St. Thomas, St. Joseph (now Logandale), and even as far south as Moapa. The Muddy referred to an area and not an exact location as in those that came to Washington, etc."

      3. I have on file from the National Park Service driving instructions to get to Kanab Point from Fredonia, Arizona on the north side of the Grand Canyon. Kanab Point overlooks the mouth of the Kanab River as it enters the Colorado River where George Adair is noted as delivering supplies to the John Wesley Powell exploring expeditions of the Grand Canyon. The Tuweep ranger station is on the back country route as Kanab Point.

      4. For information on Hammond, New Mexico, see file for copy of map entitled "Arizona, showing early agricultural settlement and roads made and traveled by colonists and Mormon Battalion route." As a separate geographical note: Hammond, New Mexico was never a town per se but only a Mormon farming community. Everyone but a few families left for the other side of the river to Bloomfield due to river and irrigation problems. It still has the cemetery and is still referred to as an area. Carolyn Smith who lives in Bloomfield states that George and Emily died and are buried in Hammond. See also map "Arizona's Honeymoon Trail - Mormon Wagon Roads" from a booklet edited by Norma Baldwin Ricketts.

      5. Censuses:
      1840 US: Northern District, Itawamba Co., Mississippi, p. 136a:
      Samuel Adair, males: 0-5:2; 5-10:2; 30-40:1; females: 0-5:1; 30-40:1. No slaves listed.

      1850 US: District 21, Pottawattamie, Iowa, p. 78b, 13 Sep 1850, entry 217:
      Samuel Adair, 46, Laborer, SC.
      Nancy, 39, VA.
      John, 18, AL.
      George, 15, AL.
      Samuel, 12, AL.
      Rufus, 7, MS.
      Mary, 13, TN.
      Robert, 7, TN.
      Benjamin, 5, TN.
      Jemima, 4, IA.
      Joshua, 1, IA.

      1851 Iowa State: Pottawattamie County. FHL film 1022203. The entire state was counted but only Pottawattamie listed everyone by name in the household and their ages; other counties only listed the head of the household and a numerical count without names of the various ages by sex in the household. No date is given when the census was taken but it was certified in Dec. 1851; however, the other counties show a Sep 1851 date which also appears more likely for Pottawattamie as well in light of ages given some children with known birthdays in October. Census return:
      Adair: Samuel 45, John M. 18, George 16, Samuel N. 14, Rufus A.B. 10, Jemima 6, Joshua 1. [Note Samuel appears recently separated from his second wife by the time of this census and she is living several pages away in the census under her first married name of Maynard with her children of the Maynard marriage. Joshua Adair is listed twice - once with Nancy Maynard and once with Samuel Adair; evidently the final custodial arrangements for Joshua were not yet settled by the time of the census. Nancy's next husband Andrew Allen is not in the census confirming that Andrew Allen was not a factor in the breakup of Samuel and Nancy's marriage. Her fourth husband Evins O'Banion is listed in the county's census put several pages away. Samuel Adair is also several pages away as well. This confirms the fact that Samuel went west in June 1852 was not the immediate cause of their separation by this census in Sep. 1851. Also note that John and Permelia, his son-in-law and daughter, are living next door. Also the following related families are living as neighbors to each other in the county but several census pages away from Samuel: Thomas/Mary Adair, John/Mary A. Mangum, and William/Sarah Mangum. ]

      1852 Iowa: Pottawattamie County:
      Thomas Adair, 6, 4, 1, 1.
      Samuel Adair, 8, 3, 1, 1. Note also an Andrew Allen and a Jude Allen family is listed 7 and 8 entries below; Andrew Allen marries Samuel's separated wife after 1852 [Nancy did not go west, nor does Andrew Allen; Andrew's first wife Eunice who he separates from because he doesn't want to go west does go to Utah in same company as her children and Samuel in 1852. Jude's daughter Jane eventually marries Bishop John Stoker.]

      1856 Utah Territorial Census was taken because Utah was trying to get statehood to avoid some of the problems that later came. As a result they wanted as many people as possible and frequently included names of everyone in a family without regard to whether they were living or dead. As a result, some of the people listed with the family may not actually have been in the household in 1856. The Adair and Mangums listed included the following heads of households in the Provo and Payson City area: George W. Adair, James Mangum, Joseph Adair (wife Rebecca), Samuel Adair, and Thomas Adair. Source for the following entry is FHL film # 505,913 (index in FHL book 979.2X22u); Ms d 2929 fd. 33, Payson City, p. 8:
      Samuel Adair
      Roxana "
      Ann "
      John M. "
      George "
      Jane "
      Newton "
      Rufus "
      Catherine "
      William "
      Joseph "
      Emily "
      Ezra T. "
      Joshua "
      Eliza J. "

      1860 US: Washington, Washington, Utah, page 150 indicates house #1291 and family #1114, July 27, 1860 (Samuel Adair, Thomas Adair, Wesley Adair, James Richey, Geo. W. Adair, James Mangum, John Mangum, Valentine Carson, John Price, William Mangum, Cyrus Mangum, Samuel N. Adair are all listed as neighbors):
      Geo. W. Adair, 23, farmer with value of real estate at $200, personal property at $275, birthplace of Alabama.
      Ann, age 16, MO.
      Sarah Chesnut, age 14, MO.

      1870 US: Beaver City, Beaver, Utah, household 83, family 74, 7 Jul 1870:
      George W. Adair, 31, M, W, Farmer.
      Emily, 22, F, W, Keeps House.
      George W., 9, M, W.
      Emily J., 4, F, W.
      Daniel T., 2, M, W.
      Samuel P., 4/12 [4 months], M, W.
      [Note lack of Jemima Ann Adair who would have been age 7 in this census - she had been adopted by the Valentine Carson family shortly after her birth which also resulted in her mother Ann's death.]

      1880 US: Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona, FHL film 1254036 (National Archives Film T9-0036), p. 18B:
      George Adair, farmer, age 43, b. AL, father and mother's birthplace unknown.
      E.P. Adair, age 33, IA NY NY.
      Emily Jane Adair, dau., age 14, UT.
      Daniel Adair, son, age 10, UT.
      Wm. A. Adair, son, age 8, UT.
      John W. Adair, son, age 6, UT.
      George N. Adair, son, age 4, UT.
      Ruth Adair, dau., age 2, UT.

      1900 US: San Juan County, New Mexico, Precinct No. 6 Bloomfield (Hammond), 22 Jun 1900, p. 210a, family 133:
      George W. Adair, June 1837, 63, md. 36 years, AL NC AL, farmer
      Emily, wife, Jan 1847, 53, md. 36 years, IA NY NY.
      William A., son, Feb 1872, 28, div., UT AL IA, farm laborer
      Joseph W., son, Jun 1881, 19, sing., AZ AL IA, farm laborer
      Rufus N., son, Sep 1884, 15, sing., AZ AL IA, farm laborer
      Edna I., dau., Jan 1887, 13, sing., AZ AL IA, at school

      6. George Washington Adair and Mt. Meadows Massacre. Since we know a George W. Adair was there, the question is which one was there? There are 2 options: George, the son of Samuel Jefferson Adair, who would have been 20 years old or his uncle who was 40 years old. Keep in mind these men were both very devoted Mormons. The awful deed happened Sep 1857. Per Juanita Brook's books, John D. Lee's trial was on July 23, 1875 and an indictment was read then that included George Washington Adair, Jr. and 8 other men. Brooks added the "Jr." to George Washington Adair. With only two GWA's around in 1857, the junior would have been the younger GWA (the other George's nephew). This same GWA later had a son named after him and known as George Washington Adair, Jr., but he was born after 1857. Brooks most likely saw the name George Washington Adair, Jr. in the LDS Journal History which at the time copied the Beaver, Utah newspapers that had the same name with the Jr. included (Beaver was the site of the court trials). John D. Lee went to prison on Aug 9. 1875 and was executed in 1877 - 20 years after the event. That effectively ended the hunt for the others. George W. Adair was released on bail from the Utah State penitentiary on May 11, 1876. Bail was $10,000; a huge amount at that time and probably an effort on the prosecutor's part to force and intimidate GWA to turn government's evidence. Another key to the puzzle includes a copy of a blessing to the younger GW Adair from his father-in-law, Daniel Tyler, the former Mormon Battalion sergeant, dated Feb. 21, 1876 (see copy transcribed below). GWA is obviously very worried about something. To quote: "...Thine enemies shall do thee no harm. All of thy trials shall be sanctified to thy good. In the due time of the Lord, thou shalt be liberated from the bonds of thine enemies. Thou will yet have troubles and trials but out of them all, the Lord will deliver thee. Thy numerous posterity will rise up and call thee blessed..." (I need to find out the date of actual arrest and going to prison for comparison to the blessing date.) The third key is found in the 1907 journal entry for newly ordained LDS Apostle David O. McKay when he met the younger George some 50 years after the massacre in which George tells him first hand what really happened - see transcription below. He was then ordained a high priest in the LDS Church two days after meeting with David O. McKay. Fourthly, coincidentally, Geo. Adair moved alot and was an Indian missionary like many of the other Mountain Meadows participants as if to stay away from lawmen. All four circumstances above certainly confirm that it was this GWA who was at the massacre.

      7. "List of Participants in Mountain Meadows Massacre," Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Archives, Salt Lake City, Utah, Call# MS 6743:
      a. Handwritten list found in the bottom of a pioneer's family trunk: "On the ground aiding or consenting to killing over 120 on Aug. or Sept. 14th or 15th, 1857"; list has 25 names but only of surnames alphabetically between A and K with "George Adair, Farmer" listed.
      b. A second, typed list: "Those who were involved with warrants issued by Judge John M. Cradlebaugh, March 1859"; list has 64 names many of which are duplicates of the handwritten list. Includes: "Samuel Adair, George W. Adair, John Mangum, James Mangum." Of the 64 names, 48 are from Lee, and 16 from Cradlebaugh. Cradlebaugh issued warrants for 38 men. So many men were involved from the surrounding area, coming and going, that an accurate list is impossible. In addition to the Mormons many Indians participated - perhaps up to 300.

      8. During my trip to Arizona Oct 2002, I was able to talk at length to the Pipe Springs National Park historian and guide, Benn Pikyavit. Benn is Paiute Indian, in charge of their library, head of the local Indian schooling, and responsible for setting up the new park exhibit on the Paiute Indians. He is very knowledgeable. He looks and acts as the local "medicine man," chief, and keeper of traditions. We were able to visit and discuss several things including the Mountain Meadows Massacre. Even though he acknowledges he is not the expert on the subject, he has some input:
      a. The original Paiutes of the Mountain Meadows area were displaced by other Indians after the massacre by Indians from the west or Nevada. The newer Indians have no traditions of the MMM and their information would not be reliable.
      b. He states that we have a hard time understanding the adrenalin and brotherhood of men united in a firefight. There is something very primal that takes over not easily reasoned and certainly not rational. Once the killing began for whatever nefarious reasons, the killing begets more killing. It was also very likely that there may never have been any intention of killing children or women until the situation had gone much too far and it was "reasoned" that their only hope may lay in killing all witnesses.

      9. Per email of Jan. 4, 2003, I queried Will Bagley as to a couple of the items in regards to the events of Mountain Meadows Massacre. He is the accomplished historian, but controversial author, of "Blood of the Prophets." My questions and his responses:
      Q. In regards to Geo. W. Adair: Did you ever develop any linkage between him and the Adairs of Arkansas from the same vicinity as the MMM victims?
      A. I've never established ANY connection whatsoever between the Arkansans and the participants in MMM. Lee Oertle of Beaver tried for years to make such a connection by writing families all over the country and apparently never succeeded.
      Q. Any idea of the reason behind the very large bail amount set for him? If I recall rightly, it was second only to Lee himself. Judging from your book, he was probably with Lee at the outset and may have been considered an important witness to Lee.
      A. Hard info on GWA was very elusive and often baffled me. Lee denounced "Adair's lies," but what were they? Perhaps if we had the justice dept. files for the case - if they ever existed - we could answer your question, but I'd have to guess they used the bail amount to try to pressure those under indictment to turn states' evidence. Dame, who was the key to the case, had the largest bail, $20K.
      Q. Your book does not mention at all anything of James Mitchell Mangum and John Mangum, both older and very close relatives of Geo. Adair and also participants at MMM. Do you have any information on any Mangum MMM involvement from your files?
      A. The only place I found them was in John D. Lee's journals, where they sometimes appear in connection with George W. Adair.

      10. Various citations from the Journal of History of the LDS Church Archives in Salt Lake City with photocopies on file. Citations:
      20 Jul 1875 from the "Deseret News" 24:403: "Latest From Beaver. - The following dispatch was received this afternoon - 'Beaver, July 20. In the Court, this morning, Judge Sutherland, counsel for Dame, said that he had found a fatal defect in the indictment, which he had intended to overlook and go to trial upon it; but finding that Lee's case would be the first tried, and that Dame's would not be reached this term, he asked that the indictment be quashed, upon the ground that the crime was not alleged to have been committed in this Territory, or district, nor in any county, but simply in the Mountain Meadow Valley, without another designation, whereupon Mr. Carey rose, and presented a new indictment, which charged Lee, Dame, Elliott, Wilden, Wm. C. Stewart, George Adair, Jr., John M. Higbee, Issac C. Haight, Samuel Jukes and Philip Klingen Smith with conspiracy with the Indians to kill those emigrants, and that in pursuance to that conspiracy they did kill them. The indictment will not be made public till tomorrow morning, at which time Lee will be arraigned and plead to it."
      22 Jul 1875 from the "Deseret News" 24:409: "'Beaver Enterprise'' July 22 - Court opened at 10:15 a.m., yesterday, and after some talk among the attorneys, and the disposal of several motions the court ordered Lee to be arraigned for trial. Carey - 'We will try Lee on the first count of the indictment only - not on the second.' Indictment. 'Territory of Utah, Beaver County, ss. In the District Court in and for the Second Judicial District of Utah Territory, September term, A.D. 1874. The people of the United States, in the Territory of Utah, vs. William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Junior; Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart. Indictment of murder. The grand jurors of the people of the United States of America, within and for the Second Judicial District of Utah Territory, good and lawful men, residents thereof, selected, drawn, summoned, empanneled, sworn, and charged within and for the body of the second Judicial District aforesaid, in said Territory, in the name and by the authority of the people aforesaid, in said Territory, in the name and by the authority of the people aforesaid upon their oath aforesaid upon their oath aforesaid find and present, that, William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Jun., Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart, late of Utah Territory, aforesaid, on the 16th day of September, 1857, with force and arms, at Mountain Meadow Valley, in (now) Washington County, Utah Territory, aforesaid, in and upon the bodies of John Smith and fifty other men, women and Children, whose names are to the jurors aforesaid wholly unknown, on the peace of said Territory, then and there being feloniously, willfully, premeditatedly, designedly, and of malice aforethought, did jointly make an assault upon the said John Smith and each of the aforesaid unknown persons, and that the said William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Junior, Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart. With certain guns then and there charged with gun powder and leaden bullets, which said guns, and said William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Junior, Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart, in their hands severally then and there held feloniously, deliberately, and of their malice aforethought, did combinedly and in combat of action discharge and shoot off to, against and upon the said John Smith and the said fifty persons whose names were wholly unknown so as aforesaid; then and there feloniously, willfully, premeditatedly, designedly and of their malice aforethought did strike, penetrate, and wound each and every one of the aforesaid unknown persons, including also the said John Smith, in and upon each of their several persons, and several bodies the precise depth and description of each of said wounds are to the jurors unknown; thereby giving to said John Smith and to each of the other unknown persons, with leaden bullets cast aforesaid, so as aforesaid discharged and shot out of the guns aforesaid, so as aforesaid by the said William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Jr., Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart, jointly and in concert of action upon the bodies of said John Smith, and said fifty other persons, severally also unknown to the jurors, as aforesaid, mortal wounds, the descriptions and depths of each of which are all severally unknown to the jurors so as aforesaid; of which said several mortal wounds so as aforesaid, the said John Smith, and said fifty other unknown persons then and there instantly died. And so the jurors aforesaid upon their oaths aforesaid do say, that the said William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight, John D. Lee, John M. Higby, George Adair, Jr., Ellot Wilden, Samuel Jukes, Philip K. Smith, and William C. Stewart, them the said John Smith, and fifty other unknown persons so as aforesaid, feloniously, premeditatedly, designedly, wilfully, and of their malice aforethought, severally kill and murder, contrary to the Statute of Utah Territory, and to the peace and dignity of the People of said Territory. Signed, Donald S. Liddle, Foreman."

      11. The book "A Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints," by B.H. Roberts, 1930, various quotes about the Mountain Meadows Massacre:
      P. 174, footnote 18: Judge Cradlebaugh claims that while at Cedar City he 'was visited by a number of apostate Mormons,' who gave him 'every assurance that they would furnish an abundance of evidence in regard to the matter, as soon as they were assured of military protection.' 'While there,' he also said, 'I issued warrants on affidavits filed before me for the arrest of the following named persons: Jacob [Isaac C.] Haight, president of the Cedar City stake; Bishop John M. Higbee, and Bishop John D. Lee [Lee never was a Bishop...], Columbus Freeman, William Slade, John Willis, William Riggs, ___ Ingram, Daniel McFarlan, William Steward, Ira Allen and son, Thomas Cartwright, E. Welean, William Halley, Jabez Nomlen, John Mangum, James Price, John [George] W. Adair, ___ Tyler, Joseph Smith, Samuel Pollock, John McFarlan, Nephi Johnson, ___ Thornton, Joel White, ___ Harrison, Charles Hopkins, Joseph Flang, Samuel Lewis, Sims Matheny, James Mangum, Harrison Pierce, Samuel Adair, F.C. McDulange, William Bateman, Ezra Curtis, and Alexander Loveridge. (Congressional Globe, 37th Congress, 3rd Session, Appendix, p. 123)."
      P. 178: "Later when some of the accused were before the secular court, and Lee was tried and found guilty, Sumner Howard, the prosecuting attorney, in closing his plea in the case against Lee, said: 'He had had all the assistance any United States official could ask on earth in any case. Nothing had been kept back, and he was determined to clear the calendar of every indictment against any and every actual guilty participator in the massacre, but he did not intend to prosecute any one that had been lured to the Meadows at the time, many of whom were only young boys and knew nothing of the vile plan which Lee originated and carried out for the destruction of the emigrants.' (Second Lee trial, 1876. Court Record, also Deseret News of Sept. 27th, 1876.)"

      12. Reviewed FHL book 979.251/K1-v3j, "Cemetery Records of Kanab City Cemetery, Kanab, Kane County, Utah," v. 2 and found no entries for Adairs except for the family of William W. Adair who is the son of George W. Adair, the uncle of this George Adair.

      13. "Romance of the Black Cat, Biography of an Early Pioneer Home," by Adonis Findlay Robinson, with which she won the Pioneer Story Award for 1983 from the Sons of Utah Pioneers. Booklet reprinted in 2002 by the Kanab Heritage Council. Booklet found by Sherril Clegg in 2003. Booklet includes a reproduction of an oil painting of the George W. Adair log home which later became Mrs. Robinson's husband's birthplace. The painting shows the same cabin depicted in early photographs of the one-story home with a full covered front porch and a rock chimney on the right side. It should be noted that there is some confusion on the author's part by combining two different George W. Adairs: George Adair, who assisted Hamblin, and was an early pioneer of Kanab; his uncle of the same name, who did live in Orderville and is not currently believed to have been the builder of the log home in Kanab. It should also be noted that today the annex of the famous Parry Lodge sits on George Adair's land which in turn provided lodging to stars and crew of over 200 movies and television series. Some of the hundreds of famous stars who have stayed on the Parry property include Ronald Reagan, Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, and so forth. My wife and I were able to stay here during our April 2005 trip through the area paying only about $40 for the night on my ancestor's lot - Kerry Petersen. The story:
      "I have not always been the 'Black Cat.' In the beginning I was a modest pioneer cottage, built of hewed logs chinked in with mud; one of the first to be built outside of the fort of Kanab, Utah. My inside walls were neatly whitewashed with burned gypsum that had been gathered from Monument Hill that stood a little south and east of my location, and my ceiling were covered with heavy factory, the unbleached fabric that was being woven at the Dixie Cotton Mission. I was built and owned by George W. Adair, who had received a land certificate for the property upon which I stood, Lot 4, Block 22, Plat A, from Kane County's original surveyor, Jesse W. Fox, on June 3, about two and one-half years after I was completed.
      George W. Adair was a considerate home owner. He took pride in me and surrounded me with shade trees and flowers in the front and fruit trees and a productive vegetable garden in the rear. He was also a peaceful man and often worked with Jacob Hamblin in preserving peace with the local Indians. In September of 1871, shortly after I had been completed, he went with Jacob to take the Navajo Chief, Tuba and his wife, Palaskanimki, to their home in Oriba village after their absence of almost a year among the Mormons. In 1874 when the great Chief Hastele came to Kanab from Fort Defiance to investigate the murder of two Navajo boys at Grass Valley, the people of Kanab said 'Hastele and his party are our guests and they shall be treated as such.' As a result, squash and green corn from George W. Adair's garden, along with pitchers of milk and nice cuts of cheese from Aunt Mary Judd's pantry, grapes and wine from Aunt Sally Crosby's cellar were given to them, while Melissie Hamblin and her sister, Olive, furnished fluffy biscuits and Johnny Cake topped with butter and honey.
      George W. Adair was also a religious man. When the United Order was established in Kanab, he joined and there cores of the Order of 1874 give him credit for working on the road beyond Pipe Spring at the rate of $2 per day per man, or $3 per day for man and team. When the United Order broke up in Kanab, George W. Adair moved to Orderville, and I was sold, first to William Darby Johnson, then to Martha Elsade Stewart, then George Heber Robinson.
      George Heber Robinson brought his young bride, Susan Elizabeth Little Robinson, to my protection soon after their marriage in the St. George Temple on Feb. 5, 1890, and her rich contralto voice filled my walls with music, gently mingled with soft-spoken philosophy of George Heber. During their residence with me, three sons and two daughters were born to them and Childish prattle and the pattering of little footsteps was added to the music and philosophy. But all did not go well with the Robinsons while they were with me. On July 22, 1893, a nine-month-old Thresa, their second child and baby daughter was suddenly called back home to her Heavenly Father. Susan Elizabeth eased her sadness with singing; George Heber salved his with out-door hard labor… [Author continues with Robinson family memories of growing up in Kanab not related to the home.]
      The Robinson family now numbered five, and when their second daughter, Leda, was born, Jan. 1, 1900, they began looking for larger quarters and I again changed owners.
      Records at he Kane County Court House state that on Dec. 6, 1911, Dr. Urban H. Norris paid George Heber Robinson the sum of $500.00 for me and the property upon which I stood and my furnishings and fixtures made a drastic change. My drawers became filled with instruments and bandages; my shelves became crowded with bottles and boxes, for he was a country doctor and filled many of his own prescriptions. He took down my factory ceilings and replaced them with lath and plaster, put in hot and cold water and a kitchen sink that drained through a two-inch pipe into an irrigation ditch outside. He kept a brown Hamiltonian mare in my corral, that he'd purchased from the Julius (Moot) Mackelprang stables in Johnson, Kane County, Utah. He'd hitch the mare to a one-seated black-topped buggy in which he made his calls. Each morning he'd drive out with his satchel, and lunch, if he intended to be gone all day, and each evening he'd be met at the gate by his good wife, Ella, who'd take care of the horse while he freshened up for dinner… [Author includes an additional story about the doctor's travels in the Kanab area not related to the house.]
      But this family also outgrew my accommodations and a quit claim deed, dated Jan. 21, 1944, made Caleb Whitney Parry my new owner. It was shortly after this that I became the 'Black Cat.'
      Caleb Whitney catered to the movie-making industries, bringing large companies and many noted stars to stay in his motel just through the lot from me. During that decade, it seemed almost overnight, the former pioneer town of Kanab expanded and grew into a 'Little Hollywood.' Personnel of the companies as well as the stars needed recreation in the evenings after making pictures all day. It was to care for this need that I became the Black Cat. A charcoal printed sign was hung over my kitchen door. I was furnished with a jukebox and swinging records, a bar where hard liquors were mixed, a soft drink dispenser, tables for card playing, and three one-armed-bandit slot machines. My walls vibrated with the sound of music intermingled with the clink of glasses, the click of coins, the slap of cards, the meshing of gears in the slot machines.
      One night five boys, ages eight to twelve, were attracted by the sound of revelry. They listened outside in the shadows until the last merrymaker went back to the motel. Then like mischievous sprites, they darted one by one through the shadows to the concealing darkness of the front porch. From the pocket of the foreman sleuth came a bunch of keys. As rapidly as possible in the darkness, these were tried one at a time in the lock. The third caught, then turned, and the door came open. From the lamppost out back, it was light enough inside for the boys to see their way around. They couldn't get the pop bottles out of the dispenser without dimes, so they pried off the caps and stood around the machine, like a bunch of sheep around a watering trough, while they sipped the delicious beverage through straws. Having appeased their thirst, they turned their attention to the one-armed-bandits. They required nickels, dimes and quarters, which the boys didn't have, so they began prying at the tills with a rusted piece of strap iron, one of the sleuths had stashed in his pocket.
      Mr. Parry was furious the next morning when he discovered the damage done, particularly to the slot machine tills. He suspected who the boys were and tried to bring suit. But one of the boy's fathers counter-charged on the grounds that Mr. Parry was the first lawbreaker, by having the slot machines with which to tempt the boys.
      One evening while the suit and counter suit were at fever height, a still lighted cigarette butt was carelessly discarded against one of my interior walls. It smoldered, unnoticed, until the wee hours of the morning. Then being fanned by the early-morning breezes burst into flame. My hewed logs were large and heavy, but being old and tinder dry, they quickly ignited. Several early-rising neighbors gathered into small groups and watched me burn. When the flames reached my rafters and the metal covered roof collapsed, sparks skyrocketed hundreds of feet into the air, and faded with the early morning stars. My logs were so thick that I smoldered for several days. Then Mr. Parry sent a crew of men to clean up the charred remains.
      Now I am only a memory; a different-angled memory for different people. A happy memory for Malcolm Little and Delmar Graham Robinson, for they were born there; a hushed-over memory for the boys who pried open the tills of the one-armed bandits; a guilty memory for the one who discarded the cigarette. But though I an now only a memory, I was a reality during the earlier days of Kanab, and as such I made my contribution."

      14. On file with me is a lengthy life history of Alfred Chestnut Adair, son of Geo. Wash. Adair, Jr. and grandson of Geo. Washington Adair, as given at his funeral 2 Apr 1983. It indicates that he was born in Price, Utah, 1 May 1898. This helps place his parents there before Hammond and most likely his grandparents as well.

      15. Various historical descriptions of Pahreah at which George lived in the 1890's:
      A. The book "History of James Agee Smith," FHL 921.73 Sm61dg, p. 48: "It was December of 1869, when Jacob Hamblin was sent out by the Mormon Church to head a group of in organizing an Indian farm somewhere on the Paria River. These first settlers did well and they built a guardhouse and a small corral, where men could cook and have safe lodging. By March, 1870, they had 2 1/2 km of ditches and 800 meters of fence built, and had eight Indians there helping and learning about agriculture. They went to Rock House, eight or nine kilometers below the later townsite of Pahreah, and settled there. Then three years later they were driven out by floods, and couldn't get water in their ditches or on their fields. At that time, about 1873 or 1874, they relocated; some went downstream as did Thomas Adair, to settle at what was to be known as Adairville, while others went north through The Box of the Paria River and founded the settlement of Pahreah."
      B. From an uncited book, p. 627-628: "Pahreah Ward, Kanab Stake, Kane Co., Utah, consisted of the Latter-day Saints residing on Pahreah Creek, a tributary of the Colorado River. The little settlement, which changed locations several times on account of washouts in the creek, was situated 42 miles northeast of Kanab and 35 miles northwest of Lee's Ferry. The ward had a Sunday school, a Relief Society, and a Mutual Improvement Association for both sexes. The farming lands used for gardens and the raising of grain are narrow strips of land lying along the bed of the creek, but during the existence of the settlement the main occupation of the people was stock-raising. Peter Shirts was the first settler on Pahreah Creek; he located a claim at a point about four miles below the later village of Pahreah in 1865, and erected a substantial stone building and dug a trench from the house to the creek in order to secure safety for himself and family against the Indians. When authorities of the Church advised the settlers in the small villages to leave and seek safety elsewhere, Brother Shirts refused to vacate, considering himself able to defend himself and family from any attacks from the Indians. Subsequently, however, a posse was sent out to take him and family to safety. They almost had to take Bro Shirts away by force, although the Indians had stolen all of his stock. Pahreah was re-settled in 1870, under the presidency of William Meeks. Other settlers arrived, and for several years considerable progress was made in the little settlement. Brother Meeks was succeeded as presiding Elder by Allen F. Smithson, who was succeeded in 1877 by Thomas W. Smith, who presided until 1884, when the Pahreah Ward was disorganized and the saints made a branch of the Kanab Ward with Thomas W. Smith as presiding Elder. He acted until 1890 when he was succeeded by John W. Mangum. In 1892 there were only eight families of saints in the Pahreah village, and as floods continued to destroy the property, the families left one by one, and in 1929 only one unmarried man remained. The old building erected by the early settlers were mostly in ruins. In 1930 the Pahreah townsite had been entirely vacated."
      C. Uncited book, pp. 126-127: "Adairville and Paria, Kane County. As part of territorial colonization in the back country of southern Utah, several settlements were made on the Pahreah River. The first of these was established by Peter Shirts and others in 1865. It was located in a wide spot in a canyon near a large sandstone ridge known as the Cockscomb, partly because of the good soil present and partly because Shirts was a prospector of some sort and he thought there might be some placer gold in the gravels. He built a rather sturdy sandstone house, the first in the village, and the town became known as Rockhouse. When the Blackhawk War ended in 1867 many more settlers arrived and the town became an outpost for the Indian Mission. Good crops were harvested for four or five years but it was all hard work. Spring run-off waters carved new channels in the valley, then in the summer the irrigation water was sucked down into the sandy soil before much of the land could be properly watered. In 1870 the townspeople decided to relocate. After some difference of opinion among the settlers half the group headed upstream five miles and established a new site called Pahreah, the other half went down stream under the leadership of Thomas Adair and by 1872 founded Adairville. New settlers arrived in both hamlets in 1872-73, farming and cattle raising prospered. A small store, post office and school-church buildings were erected among the settlers' homes. Orchards and shade trees watched over the gardens. By the 1880's the unpredictability of the river and prolonged summer droughts forced most of Adairville residents to leave; some families remained for a few more years. Sporadically, even up till the 1920's, an occasional family lived in town and tried to farm out the potentially good land. Paria, named for a Paiute Indian word meandering 'muddy water,' was originally spelled Pahreah and pronounced Pah-ree'-ah or simply Pah-ree'. Over the years it has been corrupted to its present spelling. The town was located on the narrow benches above the river. Fruit and nut orchards, vineyards and vegetable farms all grew well in the area. Many of the settlers ran cattle in the side canyons. As the town was getting a good start, Maj. John Wesley Powell stopped for a day during his 1871 expedition. It was also a stopping place for Indians traveling down the old Indian Trail to the Ute ford across the Colorado River just above the Arizona line. Various other explorers and surveyors stopped to partake of the town's hospitality and to enjoy the brilliant scenery. Jacob Hamblin, the great peacemaker, came through in 1874 and took two residents with him to help quell a brewing Navajo uprising. With 47 families in town, quite a number of sandstone houses were built, along with many log ones, a church house and post office. From 1883-88, the river flooded and gouged out the sandy bench lands, washing away fields, corrals, barns and some homes. At some point, nothing was left but a worthless wash between the canyon walls. By 1892 only eight families were left... A tiny cemetery is found on the west side of the river a few hundred yards from town. Also nearby, about a mile west of town, is a rather photogenic but not historical Hollywood movie set. Do not confuse this with the real town... Adairville is largely washed away. An abandoned corral sits north of U.S. Highway 89 immediately west of the Paria River..."
      D. Typescript: "Account of the Settling of the Paria River," by Elizabeth J. Smith, 88, Henrieville, Utah, 1949:
      "Peter Shirts and Ezra Meeks were the first white people to settle on the Pahreah Creek (or river). They were of course, prospectors and interested in a claim about three miles east from Rock House Bench. This is a location on the Paria River about half way between Paria and Adairville. This claim was first known as the Peter Shirts Copper mine, but was at a later date renamed the Hetty Green in honor of a rich woman in England. These men settled on the Pahreah in 1865. They built a substantial rock house, only to be driven out the following year by hostile Indians. The house gave Rock House its name.
      About three years later this exact place was resettled by about six families, headed by Thomas W. Smith, who christened the new town Rock House. There and then they built houses, corrals, a rock fort, and about one and a half miles of ditch to irrigate the land. Corn sorghum, potatoes and other garden truck were produced in abundance. As time went on, families moved in, until a thriving community was established by people who carried such names as Smith, Smithson, Adair, Hamblin, Mangrum, Tyler and Wilkin. This was the very first community on the Pahreah Creek but it seemed the little place was destined to a short life. Because of hazardous conditions such as the irrigation water sinking into the sand and gravel at the creek bottom the immigrants had to seek new quarters and a better location. Due to a difference of opinion, these home seekers divided, some went up and some went down the stream. The Smiths, Smithsons, Tylers and Wilkins went up stream about five mi1es to the present town site of old Pahreah and there settled in about 1871. The Adairs, Hamblins and Mangrums went downstream about five miles and settled and called the new settlement Adairville, in honor of Thomas Adair their leader. They lived here a few short years but under hard circumstances until at last they were obliged to abandon the place in despair. They then rejoined the Pahreah group and there lived in peace and more plenty.
      After this, the Pahreah town or village soon developed into a prosperous farming and cattle community and continued until the floodwaters washed and eroded the farmlands. This was responsible for another exodus but more remote. So it would seem again that the difference of opinion caused friend and neighbor to separate, some went south, some went north. Those who went south settled at different points in Arizona and New Mexico. Those who went north were among the first settlers of Cannonville, Henrieville, and Tropic.
      Note to Jack: Peter Shirts was also among the early founders of the town of Escalante, and is the same man mentioned in the early accounts of Parowan and St George."

      16. From an uncited book of which I have copies of p. 185: "Nutrioso, 16 miles southeast of Springerville, is very near the dividing ridge of the Gila and Little Colorado watersheds. The name is a combination of nutria (Sp., otter) and oso (Sp., bear). 'Nutria' was applied to the beaver, of which there were many. The first English-speaking settler was Jas. G. H. Colter, a lumberman from Wisconsin, who came to Round Valley in July, 1875, driving three wagons from Atchison, Kansas, losing a half year's provision of food to Navajos, as toll for crossing the reservation. He grew barley for Fort Apache... In 1879, at Nutrioso, he sold his farm for 300 head of cattle, to Wm. J. Flake... Flake parcelled out the land to John W., Thos. J., Jas. M. and Hyrum B. Clark, John W., J.Y., and David J. Lee, Geo. W. Adair, Albert Minerly, Adam Greenwood, George Peck and W.W. Pace... The grain they raised the first season, 1700 bushels, chiefly barley, was sent as a 'loan' to the Little Colorado settlers, who were very near starvation. In 1800 was built a fort, for there was fear of Apaches, who had been wiping out whole villages in new Mexico. There was concentration in Nutrioso of outlying settlers, but the Indians failed to give any direct trouble. A sawmill was started in 1881 and a schoolhouse was built the following year. A post office was established in 1883."

      17. Biography of son Guy Adair:
      "Obituary of Guy R. Adair. Guy R. Adair, son of George W. Adair and Almira Hamblin, was born July 3, 1892, at Nutrioso, Apache, Arizona. He had five brothers and five sisters, making a total of eleven children born to this couple. Two brothers and three sisters survive him. He was a member on record of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. He came from typical pioneer stock, and their names are linked with much of the early day history of Southern Utah and Northern Arizona.
      His parents came to Arizona as a young married couple and settled at Nutrioso, Apache County, Arizona where Guy was born, high up in the White Mountains, surrounded by beautiful scenery, and among some of the best neighbors and friends one could ever have. Here wild life was abundant and other conditions which made for a good wholesome life. His father and grandfather before were experts at hunting and fishing so it was only natural that Guy would follow their example, and he became an expert with his rifle, and never failed to bring home his deer.
      His father spent much of his time contracting, mostly in the timber, cutting and hauling logs. His family always went with him, and because of this fact Guy's schooling as far as book learning was concerned was very limited-but through experience and reading in his spare time, he became schooled in many things of life. When he was about fifteen years old he had a very bad sick spell. At the time no one seemed to know what it was, but later when more was learned about rheumatic fever, there is no doubt but that was what he had, and perhaps weakened his heart, which caused much of his trouble in later life.
      Only for this sick spell, his life was uneventful until he met the girl who was to become his wife, Irene FairChild. They met in Ramah, McKinley County, New Mexico in 1920 and after a years courtship were married the 6th of September 1921 in Gallup, New Mexico. At this time Guy had a homestead about fourteen miles south of Ramah, New Mexico. This was their first home and they were extremely happy. While residing here their first Child, a boy, was born to them. They named him Raymond. Times were hard and difficult for them, money scarce and crops failed for lack of moisture, so they abandoned the homestead and moved to Bloomfield, New Mexico. From there they moved to Pine, Arizona in 1924 where they rented a small ranch and Guy went to work for the Gila County Highway Department maintenance, and also for the Arizona Power Co., as flume repairman. In 1927 their daughter, Virginia, was born. Guy was very happy to have a little daughter added to their family. No father could have been more proud, now he had a loving and devoted wife and a boy and a girl to labor for...
      He continued on with his work until 1930, when his parents came to visit them. His father was getting along in years and his health was failing him, so after talking it all over with Guy, they decided the best thing to do would be for Guy to again pull stakes and return with his parents to the San Juan Basin, as it seemed they would be depending more and more on him for help. So true to his inborn nature of sacrificing self for others, he left a good paying job, to go with his folks to establish a home near them where he could assist them in their declining years. In February 1931, a little son was added to their family named Wilbur John. Guy obtained employment with a road construction company at Kirtland driving one of their big trucks. When this job was completed it became necessary for Guy to again seek employment. As we were going into the years of the depression and work in the San Juan Basin was very scarce, many men had to leave home to seek employment, and Guy was one of them. Early spring of 1931 found him again in Pine, Arizona. He went to work for a private company falling timber. His work was about twelve miles from Pine. He left his family in Fruitland, New Mexico with his parents and hoped to be able to send for them later. But fate ruled it otherwise for one day in April, while felling a tree, he was caught by the tree, crushing his left leg below the knee. This happened about two in the afternoon and someone had to go to Pine for help to get him out of the deep canyon he was in. No car or wagon could get to where he was, so he was brought out on a stretcher by able bodied men. This all took time, so it was late afternoon of the following day that he was taken to Prescott hospital where he lay four or five weeks. In all those long hours following the accident he had nothing to relieve the pain. Had it not been for his strong physical condition, he would not have lived and the doctors marveled that he did.
      Being so long without medical care and losing so much blood, he pleaded with the doctors to save his leg, for he well knew that without the use of both legs he could not go on doing the things he so much loved doing, such as dancing, riding, hunting and working in the wide open spaces. But it was his leg or his life, as blood poisoning had set in. So his leg was sacrificed to save his life. During all this trying ordeal, his wife was unable to be with him. She was home caring for the tiny baby and the other children. It was a sad Guy, who after being released from the hospital returned to his family. Three days after his return they buried their infant son. Guy never gave up. He was a good carpenter and cabinet maker. Prior to his accident, he did this work as a hobby, but now he must use this skill to provide for his family.
      He built a home in Bloomfield and set up a shop where he could make a business of his trade. Later in Farmington he did the same. In 1939 he returned to Pine. Here another daughter, Marguerette (Peggy), was born. In 1940 his wife began having trouble with her eyes and was under a doctor's care for two years, and nearly lost her vision. They moved to Mesa in the fall of 1941 where she could be near a good doctor. This winter he did odd jobs of anything he could find to do.
      In the spring he left his family in Mesa and went to Ft. Wingate to work in defence work and continued working all during the war, mostly filing saws for the defence plants there and at Grants. In 1943 another son was born to them. They named him Dennis. After the war ended he was working on an Auto Court in Winslow, when he had a bad heart attack and was taken to Gallup, and was in bed for about five months. They decided to come to the Salt River Valley thinking the lower climate would be beneficial to him, and no doubt it did add years to his life.
      He was among the first few to build homes on the desert, south of the knolls. Guy was never quite well after the heart attack, so it was with much determination and difficulty, that his home was completed. He still did cabinet and carpentry to help with their living expenses and the expense of building. Most of the furniture in their home was made by him, and will be passed down through the ages as a monument of his skill and determination to keep trying under all obstacles. He leaves much of his work as a builder wherever he has lived.
      He became very ill in January 1958, and had several bad heart attacks during the year. In December he was taken to the Southside District Hospital, where he remained until the 10th of January, when he was taken home. He grew steadily worse, and suffered constantly until he passed away April 8th, 1959. His wife, Irene and son Dennis were with him at his passing. Irene had been with him constantly during all his sickness, as she had stood by him all during their married life, to give comfort and aid.
      Guy loved people, and was a friend to those who needed a friend! Very reserved and quiet spoken, he made friends wherever he went, and it can truthfully be said of him that he had no enemies. He loved music and many have enjoyed his music on the violin. He leaves behind to mourn his passing, his wife, Irene, his sons, Dennis of Mesa and Raymond of Phoenix and his daughters, Virginia Medlock of Gallup, New Mexico and Marguerette (Peggy) Christensen of Page. Two brothers, Roy of Gallup. and Chess of Mesa. Three sisters, Bertha McDaniel of Bloomfield, New Mexico, Emma Finch of Farmington, New Mexico and Bessie Slade of Kirtland and many other relatives and friends.
      By: Ida L. Hamblin, cousin."

      18: The following is a small excerpt of a larger listing (see Samuel Newton Adair's notes for full transcription), which was received in digital form from Don and Caroline Smith, 2003. Regardless of the title - "Family Records of Samuel Newton Adair" - I am not sure if this is really a transcript of records kept by Samuel Newton Adair or not. Some death dates given for some of the individuals are after the date Samuel Newton Adair himself died. I spoke in person with Collins Chapman of Mesa, Arizona, in Feb. of 2006. He did not recognize it. Collins' family is the source of most of the biographical information on Samuel and Collin's mother was responsible for the autobiography of Samuel Newton Adair who dictated it to her. The following came to me as an addendum to a typed copy of that autobiography; however, I have now seen a portion of the original handwritten dictation and find no such attachment. The following therefore has no documented source that I can find thus far and should be used with caution:
      [A.] "Father: Samuel Jefferson Adair; Mother: Jamima Mangum; Children:
      Rebeca Francis Adair
      William Jefferson Adair
      John Milton Adair
      George Washington Adair
      Pamelia Jane Adair
      Samuel Newton Adair
      Joseph Jasper Adair
      Rufus Columbus Adair
      Jamima Kathrine Adair
      Ezra T. Adair
      [B.] "Samuel Jefferson Adair - Born at Lawrence Co., South Carolina, March 28, 1806. Baptized by Elder John Dowdle, Nov. 27, 1845. Confirmed by Elder John Dowdle, Nov. 30, 1845. Ordained an Elder by Daniel Thomas, a High Priest by John Young in 1855. Married Jamima Mangum. Filled a mission to Southern Utah in 1857. Migrated from Mississippi to Nauvoo, Illinois on Jan. 10, 1846. Died at Nutrioso, Apache County, Arizona, July 6, 1889."
      [C.] "Jamima Mangum - married Samuel Jefferson Adair. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
      Rebeca Francis Adair - Born and died at Pikens County, Alabama.
      William Jefferson Adair - Born at Pikens County, Alabama. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
      John Milton Adair - Born at Pickens County, Alabama. Married Eliza Jane Richey. Died at Lincoln County, Nevada.
      George Washington Adair - Born at Pickens County, Alabama, married Ann Chestnut. Died at San Juan, New Mexico.
      Pamelia Jane Adair - Born at Pikens County, Alabama. Married Charles D. Searle at Payson City, Utah in 1856. Died at Ashley, Uintah County, Utah about 1884.
      Samuel Newton Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi, Dec. 11, 1839. Baptized by Samuel Jefferson Adair, in 1847. Ordained an Elder by John Freeman. Ordained a High Priest by Apostle Erastus Snow, at Luna, New Mexico Nov. 24, 1885. Married to Helen Gennett Brown by Robert Covington at Washington, Utah, Dec. 15, 1863. Endowed at Endowment House, Salt Lake City, Utah, June 18, 1867. Patriarchal Blessing by Emer Harris. Filled Mission to Moqice [Moqui] Village - Went Nov. 1862. Returned on Jan. 10, 1863. Migrated from Mississippi to Nauvoo. Died at Luna, New Mexico, May 16, 1925.
      Joseph Jasper Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
      Rufus Columbus Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi. Died at Washington City, Utah, Aug. 2, 1858.
      Jamima Katherine Adair - Born at Des Moine, Iowa. Married to Frederick Rugg at Washington, Utah, Jan. 11, 1866.
      Ezra T. Adair - Born at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa, 1848. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa, 1848."

      19. From the book "Lee's Ferry, from Mormon Crossing to National Park," by. P. T. Reilly, Utah State University Press, Logan, Utah, 1999, there is a reference to George assisting Wilford Woodruff hiding from the anti-polygamy federal officials. The author indexes George's name and ties it to the following note without saying why: "Journal of Wilford Woodruff," March 14, 1879. LDS." I followed up on this by looking at the journal; but there is no mention of George. It does talk about Woodruff going through Kanab then Lee's Crossing before arriving in Arizona.

      PHOTOS:
      1. Carolyn Adair Smith of Bloomfield, New Mexico was lucky enough to have inherited the original photos of the George Adair family, and of Emily Tyler as an older lady [see files for copies]. These pictures belonged to her grandfather Rufus Adair. George Washington Adair and Emily Tyler were living in Hammond at the time of their deaths and their son Rufus Adair continued living there - followed by Clarence Adair, then Carolyn Adair. A photo of George W. Adair's and Emily Tyler's headstone is also on file. It is a simple tabular sandstone slab that was quarried not far from the cemetery and their names are barely visible. If you look closely you can just make out Geo. Adair and Emily Tyler. This simple headstone was a beautiful reminder that pioneer life was not glamorous and that most families at that time had great difficulties. Even though George Adair knew and rendered good service in behalf of such prominent men as the Grand Canyon explorer Wesley Powell and the "Buckskin Apostle" Jacob Hamblin, there is no huge monument proclaiming what a wonderful explorer and interpreter he was. But we know it, and that's all that matters.

      2. I have a photo of a painting made of George's Kanab log cabin home from c1870s.

      BIOGRAPHY:
      1. Twin with Pamelia or Permelia Jane Adair.

      2. The book "A Mormon Chronicle: the Diaries of John D. Lee, 1848-1876" edited by Robert Glass Cleland and Juanita Brooks:
      V. 1, preface: "In his personal relations, the man [JDL] is more difficult to evaluate. Many, especially those who had suffered severe illness or other serious misfortune, found him a kind, considerate, and generous neighbor. He served as host to community socials and dances without number, and on occasion entertained from a hundred to four hundred guests at breakfast, lunch, dinner, and supper at his own expense. But he had a strong element of the dictatorial and aggressive in his nature that detracted greatly from his popularity, led him to engage in frequent quarrels both in his secular affairs and in his activities in the church, and eventually made him the object of widespread enmity and spite. Until the last bitter disillusioned months of his life, Lee's loyalty to Brigham Young had in it a strong element of filial affection; a disciple's devotion to a master whom he believed to be inspired with judgment, wisdom, and understanding far above his fellows; and a certain patronizing conceit that apparently created the same feeling of irritation and resentment among many of his associates that the ill-advised boasting of Joseph, the son of Jacob, aroused of old among his unforgetting and unforgiving brothers." [Kerry's note: GW Adair was clearly with JD Lee at the initial MMM events; considering JD Lee's position and influence in the unpopulated area of "Dixie" and his close ties to the LDS authorities, it is easy to suppose that George was under the influence of John D. Lee at the time of MMM.]
      V. 1, p. 197: "Sat., Feb. 26th. [1859] Clear. To day, while on my buildings laying dobies, I was called to referee a Matter of difference between John Couch, Sen. & Geo. Adair. Decided satisfactorily to both Parties."
      V. 1, p. 315 [Note: this Geo. Adair is most likely the uncle of the other George, Samuel's son, because he lived in Minersville at that time; see his biography notes.]: "Parowan. Mond., June 4th [3rd], 1861. I brakefasted with Bishop Warren. At 6 P.M. the Prest. & suite was on the Role for Minersville. At 12 reached the Mountain Springs, dis 15 ms. & at 3 P.M. reached Minersville, dis. 17 1/2 ms. At this as well as at most of the other Places the Prest. [Brigham Young] & suite were entertained at private Houses. I & my Bishop dined with Bro. Geo. Adair. At 5 Eving Prest. Preached at Meeting House upon the SubJect of Economy, Said that this Kingdom was Temporal as well as a Spiritual Kingdom, that Preaching & Praying was not building up the Kingdom. Preaching was only to Encourage men to do right. Praying was that they Might be kept from sining &c.; that he would not give lb. of Lead for all the Preaching & Praying without works &c. To build good Houses & shingle them & get out the minrals &c."
      V. 2, p. 145: "Sat., Nov. 19th, 1870. We drove to Kannab, nooned at the Wolf Springs. From Bro. J. Rider I obtained Some Spirits & cayenne Pepper & Made a strong syrupt & gave to Sammy which soon struck out the Measles. Bro. Mangram folks brought us some Beef & Butter, also gave us feed or our animals & Manifested every expression of kindness possible & so did Geo. Adair & Bro. J. Rider & Family who invited us to come in & do our baking on their Stove. But A. Frost, who had often Eat at my table & was Made welcome turned a cold shoulder upon Me & kept out of My way & So did Farnsworth, the Bishop's son in law, on account of the reportd action against me. An old adage is, a Friend in need is a Friend indeed. Now is the time to find out who are your true friends..."
      V. 2, p. 173: "Fri., Nov. 3rd, 1871. Traveled to Kanab. Jac. Hamblin & Bishop L. Stewart absent to conference at St. George. Town full of NavaJoes in to trade. Geo. Adair recived us verry kindly & so did Siter Hamblin."
      V. 2, p. 174, 175: "Sund., Nov 11th [12th], 1871. ...Some of Powel's company came in to Hamblin's from the Colerado..." "Wed., Nov. 14th [15th], 1871. I.C.H. returned to Tokerville to see his Family. Even[ing] Jno. Mangram & Geo Adair visited us with Jno. Kizire Wilson, Bishop Jac. G. Biglar, & Bishop Bryan of Nephi. Said that they were on the scout & that Spies wre out in every Setlements, & writs for every Man that had More wives then one. Keep out of way & the council is to Deed, & to Deed over their Property to such of their wives as proved true, in order to prevent those who turned and informed against their Husbands from leading the officer to siege his Property in his absence or whle under arrest, & thus Strip him & those of his Family that stood true to him & to their covenants of every things that they possessed, as in the case of Bro. Hawkins."
      V. 2, p. 245: "Lonely Dell, A.Z. Teus., June 24th, 1873. This Moring Bro. James Glover concluded to have Bro. Geo. Adair haule his waggon in to Johnson & he would then return to Salt Lake & see about his horses &c, &c..."
      V. 2, p. 463, explanatory note #22: "George W. Adair was often mentioned in Lee's writings. In the latter's list of those involved or participating in the Mountain Meadows Massacre, his name appears as George Adair, while Judge Cradlebaugh referred to him as John W. Adair. Though indicted much earlier, Adair was not arrested until after the period covered by this Diary. He was then held for a time in the prison in Salt Lake. An entry in the Church Chronology under date of May 11, 1876, read as follows: "After a long confinement, Wm. H. Dame, John D. Lee, and George W. Adair were admitted to bail in the respective sums of $20.000, $15,000, and $10,000.'"

      3. The book "Journals of John D. Lee, 1846-47 and 1859," edited by Charles S. Peterson, p. 223: "Thurs. June 30th. [1859] About 12 noon I started back to Harmony in company with R. Woolsey, hauled a part of his load and family; took back 2 of my cows. Hired Thomas and Geo. Adair to assist me to build a barn. Agreed to pay them a cow each for 30 days labor. Camped at the Grapevine Springs. Frid. July 1st, 1859. About sunrise resumed our travel. After returning thanks for the good success that we had up to the present, that moment Satan entered one of my mules and he fell to kicking and continued about 1 1/2 hours."

      4. Two monuments erected in Washington, Washington, Utah:
      a. "Adair Spring, The Birthplace of Utah's Dixie, Washington City, Utah - Erected by the citizens of Washington City & The Washington City Historical Society, 1996. In early 1857 Brigham Young called a group of Southerners on a cotton mission to Southern Utah to raise cotton. Samuel Newton Adair [this is a mistake; should be Samuel Jefferson Adair], the leader of ten families, arrived at this spot April 15, 1857, after leaving Payson, Utah on March 3. They camped here a short time and then moved down near the Virgin River on what became known as the Sand Plot. Apostle Amasa M. Lyman who was passing through the area recommended they move back to the spring area which they did. Robert Dockery Covington arrived here May 5 or 6, 1857, with 28 more Southern families. They left the Salt Lake area shortly after the LDS Spring Conference held around April 6. On May 6 or 7 a two day meeting was held at this site under the direction of Isaac C. Haight, President of the Parowan Stake. They sang songs, prayed and selected Robert D. Covington to be the President of the LDS branch, and Harrison Pearce and James B. Reagan as assistants. Wm. R. Slade and James D. McCullough were appointed Justices of the Peace, John Hawley and James Matthews as constables, G.R. Coley as stray pound keeper and Wm. R. Slade, Geo. Hawley and G.W. Spencer as school trustees. They named their city Washington. It was too late to plant wheat, so they prepared the ground for corn and went right to work making dams and ditches to water their crops. Their homes were their wagon boxes, willow and mud huts and dugouts dug in the bank east of this monument. Their new home soon was called 'Dixie'. Those who came in the spring of 1857 were:
      [43 names listed "and others; the following names are those related.] Adair, George W.; Adair, John M.; Adair, Joseph; Adair, Newton (L.N.)[Samuel Newton]; Adair, Samuel [Jefferson]; Adair, Thomas; Mangum, John; Mangum, William; Price, John; Rickey [Richey], James."
      b. "'Utah's Dixie' - Washington City Founded 1857. Erected by the Washington City Historical Society, November 1994. This monument is erected in honor and memory of the founders of Washington City. The settlers who arrived in 1857 were sent here by Brigham Young, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, for the purpose of growing cotton to clothe the Mormon pioneers and to colonize the territory. Those early pioneers named their city on May 5 or 6, 1857 in honor of George Washington and also called the area 'Dixie' in remembrance of their former homes in the South. Living in the arid desert proved extremely difficult. Reoccurring challenges such as malaria (ague or chills and fever), the lack of food, poor water, and other diseases disabled and decimated the settlers. The Virgin River, providing water to irrigate fields, was crucial to the settlers. However frequent flash floods,