| Notes |
- RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. From the book "Pleasant Mangum and All His Kin, the Story of the Bennetts, the Mangums, and the Parhams," comp. by James Lynn Parham, Gateway Press, Inc., Baltimore, MD, 1997, Chapter 6, William Mangum Sr., Virginia to North Carolina:
"We believe that William Mangum Sr. was a son of John the immigrant. We first know of him in 1734 when he and his wife Mary record their son James' birth in the Albemarle Parish of Surry County, Virginia.(1) This couple also recorded the births of sons William Jr. in 1736, Arthur in 1741 and daughter Sarah in 1744.(2) We have no definite proof but we think that there may have been at least one other older son named Samuel whose birth was not recorded in the Parish.
The early records concerning William Sr. and his family are very uncertain. William was born about 1709 although we have no direct evidence of his birth or his parentage. His wife Mary, according to one genealogy, may have been a daughter of Job Person and wife Lucy although we have not been able to document that theory. Another source says she was daughter of John Person who's will was probated in Surry Co., Virginia in 1738, but that theory presently seems doubtful.(3) The available records do suggest that the Person family was close kin to the Mangums.
William Mangum Sr. and his family remained in Virginia until at least June 1747 when William helped appraise the estate of Arthur Sherrod.(4) By May 1748 the family was in North Carolina.
By the mid 1700's the available land in Virginia was beginning to run out. Economic opportunities lay elsewhere, on the frontier in middle North Carolina. William Mangum Sr. and family apparently made the trek to the Southwest in 1748. In May of that year William Mangum witnessed a deed in that part of Edgecombe Co., N.C. that is now in Halifax County.(5) They did not stay long there but continued on west into that part of Granville County that is now Warren County. William witnessed a deed there in June of 1748 and began the acquisition of land in 1749 when 350 acres were surveyed for him.(6) The land was granted to him in 1751 by John Earl Granville. The grant calls him a planter of St John's Parish.
The tax lists for William begin in 1749 when he listed two polls. One poll is William himself and we suspect the other is his son Samuel Mangum. William's last land grant was in 1760 and thereafter he began to sell his land. In 1764 Bute County was created from parts of three counties including the eastern part of Granville County. William's remaining land was incorporated in this new county. Between 1765 and 1780 a William Mangum, whom we believe is our William Mangum Sr., had several land dealings in Bute County.
It is unknown if William Sr. had any more children after he came to North Carolina. He was in his 40's but his wife may have been somewhat younger. She was not necessarily past Childbearing age. The Joseph who was in Granville County and the Solomon who was in Orange County were possibly sons of William Sr.
We do not know when William Sr. died. We do know he disappears from the Granville Co., tax lists in the 1760's. It is possible he moved to Orange County, N.C. but it is not certain that those records pertain to our William Mangum Sr.(7)
We have already mentioned the migration by Absolom Mangum into North Carolina about 35 years after William arrived. We believe Absolom's migration was influenced by William's earlier migration. Absolom was a son of James Mangum, the brother of William Mangum Sr. Absolom and his family settled in the southern part of Granville County, near the border with Wake County. Many of the Wake County Mangums stem from Absolom and his children.(8)
Absolom left records in Johnson County, N.C. in 1769,(9)Wake County in 1780(10) and maybe in Union County, S.C. in 1782 and 1790.(11) He bought land in Granville County in 1788 and was in the 1787 tax. lists.(12) A court record in Granville seems to show that he bought land there in 1786.(13) It is not known whether all these records pertain to the Absolom who settled in Southern Granville County. If so, he was a restless sort, as were many of our early pioneers.
Absolom died on or before 1802 since Lucy Mangum was administrator of his estate on 7 May 1802.(14)
Children of William Mangum Sr.:
James Mangum:
James was born 2 June 1734 and his birth was recorded in the Albemarle Parish of Surry County, Virginia. His birth was recorded in the parish after the fact since the parish was not set up until 1738. After the migration into North Carolina, James was in the militia of Granville Co., N.C. in 1754 with his father and brothers.(15) He is also listed in several tax lists of Granville. Little else is known about him. He died on 15 Sept. 1757 at the age of 23, leaving his wife Sarah and one son unnamed.(16) One tradition says that the son was Jacob Mangum who settled in South Carolina. No proof of that relationship has been found and another tradition disputes this, saying that Jacob was from Ireland.
William Mangum Jr.
William Mangum Jr. was born 16 May 1736. His birth is recorded in the Albemarle Parish Register of Virginia. His birth, like his brother James' birth was added "after the fact." William Jr. was in the Granville Co. Militia in 1754 and in several tax lists of the period. We know little else about his life in North Carolina. He was a British Tory (sympathizer) during the Revolutionary War. He was in Georgia by 1772. He seems to disappear from the Granville County, N.C. tax lists by 1768. He was recruited into the British Army in 1779 from a group of Georgia back country Tories. He served with the 96th Brigade, Little River Militia.(I7).
William was married in Georgia to Elizabeth "Letgo," "Ladco," or "Lithgow" and had at least two daughters and one son named Samuel. Samuel was killed in 1780 while fighting as a British soldier. When the British evacuated Charleston in 1782, William and family went to the loyalist refuge in St. Augustine, Fla. His property in Georgia was confiscated by the State of Georgia because of his British service.
William's 1st wife died about 1784. He left for Nova Scotia and sometime before 1791 he married again but his wife's name is unknown. He lived out his days on bleak Morris Island. His petition for title to the land he occupied on the island (as a reward for his loyalist service) was never acted on.
One of William's relatives, John Mangum (III?), born in Virginia in 1763, fought for the American side in the war. More information on John was given in the previous chapter. It is possible that they fought opposite each other during the siege of Old Ninety-six, the key British fortress in South Carolina. John was captured by the British, but the British commander saved John's life because he knew and liked his loyalist kin.
ARTHUR Mangum:
Arthur Mangum was born 2 May 1741 in the Albemarle Parish, Surry County, Virginia. He was only 7 years old when the family migrated into North Carolina. There is extensive literature available concerning Arthur. This is because of his famous grandson Willie P. Mangum who was Judge, Congressman, Senator and acting vice-president of the United States from 1842 to 1845. Tyler succeeded to the presidency in 1841 on the death of Harrison. That made the president pro-tempore of the Senate (Samuel L. Southard of N. J.) second in line for the presidency and therefore acting Vice President of the United States. Southard resigned 3 May 1842 and on 31 May Willie Person Mangum was chosen as his successor and continued in that office until March 4, 1845. Tyler himself narrowly escaped death from an accident on the USS Princeton in 1844. Senator Mangum came within a 'hair breath' of becoming the president of the United States. The line of succession to the Presidency has been changed in recent years.
The legends that have Arthur, wife and son coming into N.C. in a wagon are obviously wrong since Arthur was a child at the time of the Virginia to North Carolina migration. It is possible that the legend was referring to the time when Arthur came to Orange County, N.C. from the eastern part of Granville Co., N.C. Arthur moved to Orange County and received land there in 1763. He became quite prosperous and many of his descendants were people of note.
There is considerable confusion as to the death of Arthur. A sketch by Dr. Stephen B. Weeks puts his death 12-24 March 1789.(18) However, Arthur's will is dated 24 Nov. 1789.(19) Also, Arthur bought land on 11 May 1790.(20) His death must have been later than this. A story by Mr. Mangum Turner, a descendent of Arthur, places his death in 1809.(21) This is probably not correct. The 1800 census of Orange County lists Lucy Mangum as head of household of Arthur's family. This must mean that she was a widow at the time. These limits place his death between 11 May 1790 and 1800. A later deed involving Arthur's son William Person Mangum infers that Arthur died about 1793. This appears to be the most likely year of his death. There are many other sources of information about Arthur Mangum's prominent North Carolina descenÂÂdants.(22)
Sarah Mangum:
Sarah Mangum was born to William and Mary 14 Oct 1743 and her birth was recorded in the Albemarle Parish records. We have found no further record of her.
Samuel Mangum:
It is unfortunate that we have only indirect evidence for the parentage of Samuel Mangum, the person through which we believe we descend. The public records show a give and take between him and William Sr. usually exhibited only by close relatives. We assume, without direct proof, that Samuel was an older son of William and Mary Mangum. He will be dealt with more fully in the next chapter.
OTHER Children:
We do not know if William Sr. and Mary had any more children born in Virginia. Certainly, none were recorded in the Albemarle Parish. William and his family migrated into North Carolina in 1748. William would probably have been in his forties although his wife might have been younger. We believe they had at least two children after they came to North Carolina. One of those was Solomon Mangum, the father of the Georgia Manghams.(23) We also believe that another son was Joseph Mangum. There were two Joseph Mangums in that part of North Carolina during that time period. We believe the Joseph Mangum of Warren/Bute County was a son of Samuel Mangum.
References
1. John Bennett Boddie's book on the Albemarle Parish has some errors. One error was a reference to the birth of James Mangum to parents William and Martha. The original records show that the parents were actually William and Mary. Those records were checked by Joseph F. Inman, genealogist and Mangum descendant, in 1972. The book by Gertrude R. B. Richards and Florence M. Leonard concerning the Albemarle Parish records also confirm that the parents were William and Mary. See Appendix E for additional information about the Albemarle Parish and these two books.
2. Obviously, the births of James and William Mangum were recorded in the parish many years after they were born. The parish was not set up until 1738. Neither have godparents listed but neither does Arthur Mangum born in 1741 and a probably related Lucy Mangum born in 1759. Probably parents who first recorded a birth in the parish also entered births of children born much earlier. See Appendix E for more information on the Albemarle Parish.
3. Will of John Person of Surry County, Va. was recorded in Deeds, Wills, Etc., 1738-54, pages 51-53. The will is dated 8 Aug. 1721 and proved 21 March 1738. There is no mention of Mangums in the will. One of John Person's two daughters was name Mary. One of John's sons, Samuel Person, mad~ his will 17 Feb. 1753, proved 3 Oct. 1754. In that will he mentions his sister Mary Glover. The Mary (Person?) that married William Mangum was almost certainly with her husband in North Carolina in 1753.
4. Estate of Arthur Sherrod, Surry Co., Va Deeds, Wills, Etc, 1738-54, page 559, 16 June 1747.
5. William Manggum & Wassie Jones witnessed a deed by Jones to Atkinson, 18 May 1748, Edgecombe Co. May Court Records, 1748, Page 223.
6. Land Grants, Granville County and Granville County, N.C. Deeds, 1 June 1748, from the N.C. State Archives, Raleigh, N.C.
7. The 1776 list of Voters in Orange Co., N.C. list a Wm Mangrum and a deed (1 May 1777) has William Mangum as a witness.. The deed was from Arthur Mangum to Solomon Mangum.
8. See Mangum Family Bulletin, issue 15, page 17.
9. Johnson Co., N.C., Court Records, Feb. 1769 Court. Deed from Suggs to Camp proved by Absolom Mangum.
10. Wake Co., Deeds, 14 Sept. 1790. Deed from Kemp to Martin states that Absolom Mangum lived on waters of Horse Creek, Wake County, N.C.
11. Absolom Mangum is listed in the 1790 Census of South Carolina.
12. Granville Co., N.C. Deeds, DB Q, page 617.
13. See Mangun Family Bulletin, issue 20, page 8.
14. Granville Co., N.C. Court Records, see Mangum Family Bulletin, issue 13, page 6. IS. State Records of North Carolina, N.C. State Dept. of Archives & History.
16. James Mangum Adm. Bond, Granville Co., N.C., 6 Dec. 1757.
17. For a complete story on William Mangum Jr. and his exploits by Mr. Thomas L. Hughes, see the Mangum Family Bulletin, issues 35-37.
18. See Bibliography, "Biographical History of North Carolina. .." by Ashe.
19. Orange County, N.C. Wills, Will Book B, page 100.
20. Orange County, N.C. Deeds, see Mangum Family Bulletin, issue 11/12, page 42.
21. Reminisces of Willie P. Mangum's Descendants, a sketch by Mangum Turner in The Papers of Willie Person Mangum, Vo15, page 746-758.
22. See the Bibliography #s 11, 14,22 & 23 for more details on these references.
23. See the Bibliography for details on Vaughn Ballard's book on Solomon Mangham.
24. See Mangum Family Bulletin, issues 18, page 2 and issue 19, page 2 for articles on the Joseph Mangums of Warren and of Granville Counties, North Carolina."
2. Mangum Family Bulletin, Edited by James L. Parham, Numbers 35-37, December 1989-December 1991, has the following three issue biography:
William Mangum The LOYALIST (1736-C.1818)
(A preliminary account by Thomas L. Hughes, 5636 Western Avenue, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815 Phone 301-656-1420)
"Introduction
The following is a brief summary of extensive research I have done on William Mangum (Mangham) the Loyalist. Material which has already been printed in the Mangum Family Bulletin about the various William and William Mangum Jrs. - (There were more than one William Jr.) has been augmented by archival work in London (Revolutionary War Reparations Claims); Nova Scotia court cases, land records, soldiers' appeals, and local family records; Tory refugee records of various kinds in St. Augustine, Florida; South Carolina immigrant passenger lists; and Georgia Revolutionary histories, petitions, confiscations, banishment laws, British Military payrolls, refugee ship sailings, and much else. I would be happy to answer inquiries as my work progresses, prior to a more elaborate account with citations and references.
William Mangum the Loyalist was born 16 May 1736 in Albemarle Parish, Surry County, Virginia, the son of William Mangum and Mary Person. He died around 1818 or early 1819 on Morris Island, Argyle township, Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia. During his tempest-tossed career, he lived for a time in every Southern colony under the British flag (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, only to spend his last thirty years as an exile in Nova Scotia. He was a pioneer backwoodsman, Indian fighter, frontier planter (450 acres), slaveholder, provisioner of the British army, and soldier in the King's Rangers fighting under the most celebrated British commanders like Ferguson and Cruger. After the British were defeated, he was officially banished from Georgia and joined the exodus of Loyalists in (then British) St. Augustine (1782-85). Accompanied only by two slaves, he settled in Nova Scotia in 1785. There he remarried and raised a new family in harsh circumstances on a small island off the west coast of the colony.
The other William Mangums who appear in the 18th century records in Virginia and North Carolina are a source of confusion. Even more confusing is the fact that there are at least two "William Juniors" and maybe more. William the Loyalist, b. 1736, was certainly the first William Jr. of record. However it is clear that there were others called "William Jr." in North Carolina long after William the Loyalist had left the country. For example, the will of his brother Arthur Mangum in 1789 appoints as executor "my true and trusted friends John Carrington and William Mangum Jr." While some of this confusion may never be straightened out, it is clear that any William Jrs. in North Carolina after, say 1766, are not William Jr. the Loyalist.
It is also worth noting that "Junior" did not always mean son of a father by the same name; it could and often did mean a nephew or just a younger man in the community of the same name. William was a common name among the early Mangums; (e.g. William, son of James and Mary, 1746/7-1784 in Virginia; and William, son of John and Mary 1756-1827 Virginia and South Carolina).
William the Loyalist should also be distinguished from the William Mangum of the 6th Virginia Regiment of Regulars (American Army), who deserted in April, 1777 and was "suspected of concealment by his Mangum relations in Sussex" according to the Desertion Notice in Williamsburg that year. (William the Loyalist was in Georgia at least since 1772 and publically active and loyal to the Crown. He never was in the American Army.) William the American deserter was apparently from Virginia (Sussex). Could he have been the William above, born 1746/7 to James and Mary? He lived in Sussex County. Incidentally, desertion from both sides was frequent and commonplace during the Revolution. (MFB 16-18)
The identity of William the Loyalist as the William born in 1736 to William Mangum and Mary Person is proved by the 1823 letter from James C. Mangham to Willie P. Mangum, Arthur's grandson (See MFB 2-22): "my connections (in Glynn County, GA) lost considerable and yours also, by the name of Piles is the daughter and Grandchildren of old Wm. Mangum, your Grandfathers Brother." This is documentary evidence of highest value, and it is further confirmed by the Piles connection. There are extensive records about Samuel Piles, a famous pioneer Indian trader in Georgia and Florida before the Revolution. His widow and sons lived in St. Augustine 1762-85 when William Mangum the Loyalist and his family took refuge there. it was there that Mary Mangum met her husband John Piles; they returned to Georgia where he became a prominent public figure and office-holder.
We can now reconstruct the Loyalist's career. Born in Virginia in 1736 he went with his parents and family to Granville (Now Warren) County, North Carolina, in 1748. The tax lists of Granville County 1749-1762 show William Mangum and son William; the latter is undoubtedly our William.(MFB 17-11) In 1754 the regiment of militia under Col. William Eaton, Capt. Daniel Harris's Co., lists several Manghams including William and "William Jr." Again, the latter is undoubtedly our William. (MFB 13-18)
1762-1772 is the most elusive decade in the life of William the Loyalist. There is every reason to believe that he was still in Granville County, N. C., in 1762 at age 26. He was definitely in Georgia ten years later. The fact that we do not know when his father, William Mangum Sr., died complicated matters. There are numerous Bute County, N. C., court records and deeds 1765-1770 referring to "William Mangum" but not Sr. or Jr. If the father was still alive, these could refer to him or to our William. (MFB 17 & 18-11) This William Mangum had legal problems 1765-7 in Bute County and was the defendant in a trial. Perhaps this was our William and he left North Carolina at that time, for that reason.
There was a decade when many from North Carolina moved south to the newly opened Indian lands on the south Carolina-Georgia border. Both land grants from the Crown and squatters rights were plentiful in the Carolina-Georgia back county.
The Mangum family's apparently close connection with the Baptist Church in North Carolina is suggestive also. William Mangum Sr. in 1760 gave two acres of "land whereon he now lives" to the Baptist Church to build their meeting house. (Gwynn abstracts of Granville Co. deeds). the leading Baptist minister of the day migrated from this part of North Carolina to the South Carolina-Georgia back country where he founded Kiokee Baptist Church, located very near Mangum's Georgia plantation. Whether our William migrated south for legal, religious, or the normal incentive of cheaper, abundant land, remains speculative at this point, perhaps all three motivations were involved.
Mangum's marriage is another elusive factor. On balance, I assume that he was unmarried when he left N.C.. Again we have to work backwards from later evidence. Mangum's son Samuel was killed in 1780 as a British soldier, like his father, fighting in the King's Rangers. For that reason I have made an assumption that Mangum was probably married by 1762-5. (Theoretically, Mangum could have married in North Carolina and has Samuel by this unknown first wife. However, this is entirely speculation). Spanish documents in St. Augustine refer to Mangum's wife as Elizabeth "Letgo" and "Ladco." No such name occurs anywhere in the southern records, and it must be assumed that it is a Spanish phonetic aberration. (One Elizabeth Lithgow arrived in Charleston, South Carolina as an immigrant from Scotland in 1767, in time for her to marry Mangum and have a daughter Sarah born c. 1768. But, if Samuel was their Child, he would have been a boy of 11 or 12 when he was killed in 1780 as a soldier - possible in those circumstances, but not exactly likely).
Whether the Scottish-born Elizabeth Lithgow as indeed Mangum's wife remains uncertain. But it is the only currently viable research possibility as the mother of his two daughters, and perhaps of his son. (Of course, if our William Mangum had an earlier wife in North Carolina, entirely possible given his own age, she could have been the mother of Samuel and even of others, unknown to us. There is no evidence for it, but there could have been a William III who remained in North Carolina, which might help solve the subsequent William "Jr."problem).
Charleston, S.C. is where Elizabeth Lithgow arrived in 1767. Unless he went by an inland route to Augusta and the back-country, our William Mangum would also have probably gone via Charleston or Savannah. It is not implausible that he could have been in Charleston in 1767. The Spanish records in St. Augustine repeatedly state, at different times, that daughter Sarah was born in Charleston, "from Charleston," or a "native of Charleston." Unfortunately, this too is not necessarily conclusive since the family may well have taken refuge in Charleston near the end of the war 1780-82. The references could be to either period or to both. It is apparent from the daughter's statements in St. Augustine that there was a Charleston connection.
The first documentary evidence placing William in Georgia is his signature as witness to the will of Thomas Ayres of St. Paul's Parish (now Richmond County, Augusta) dated 1 February 1772. (Thomas Ayres had a wife Mary, six sons including Abraham and William, and two daughters including Elizabeth. The latter is apparently unmarried.) Another William Ayres witnesses with William Mangum.
Nearly three years later, 21 Dec. 1774, the Ayres - Mangum connection again appears, this time on a deed from "William Mangum of St. Paul's Parish and Elizabeth his wife to Robert Neilson "Conveying 50 acres "being part of an acreage tract granted William Castleberry Sr., and by him deeded grantor, and lying in St. Paul's Parish on Great Kiokee near Cleburne's land." Witnesses were Wm. Ayers, Abr. Ayres. The deed was probated 2 March 1775. (The earlier deed has not been found.)
Here William's wife Elizabeth is mentioned for the first time. Were it not for the daughter's giving her mother's name as "Letgo" "Ladco" (Lithgow?) one might surmise she was a part of the Ayers family, based on the two documents above and the recurring, obvious close family connection. This may become relevant to future research.
A third document places William Mangum in St. Paul's Parish at this time, and this one is an historic document of the Revolutionary period. It was signed by William Mangum and forty-four others at St. Paul's Church in Augusta on 12 October 1774. It is entitled: "A Protest or Declaration of dissent of the Inhabitants of St. Paul's Parish against any Resolution expressive of Disloyalty to our Most Gracious King, and the Lords and Commons of Great Britain." (The Boston Tea Party had occurred, and the signers of this document disassociate themselves from what happened in Boston. Such acts "tend to alienate the affection and forfeit the favor and protection" of the King at a time when there are "real grievances" in Georgia such as a possible Indian war. "Our Parish in particular would most certainly be laid waste and depopulated unless we receive such powerful aid and assistance as none but Great Britain can give. For these and many other reasons, we declare our dissent to all resolutions by which his Majesty's favor and protection might be forfeited."
Here William Mangum's presence in St. Paul's Parish and his loyalty to the King, as well as his reasons for it, are publicly proclaimed, a year before the Revolutionary War actually begins. Georgia was the most loyal of all the 13 colonies during the Revolution. For two years in the middle of the war, Royal Government was restored. Many citizens shifted sides in the controversy. The back country in particular, where Mangum lived, was the scene of much guerilla activity from both sides, and much brutality and bloodshed, between loyalists and Rebels, Tories and Whigs. Mangum claimed, and all the evidence supports him, that he was loyal to the British throughout the war. During the early years of the war (1776-78) backcountry Georgia was the scene of Rebel activity, often ascendancy. Life was made miserable for the Loyalists. Some lay low, probably including Mangum during this period. Life was uncertain. The Rector of St. Paul in Augusta was tolerated, even though royalist. But there were banishments and confiscations visited upon others.
In February, 1779, the British under Lt. Col. Archibald Campbell retook Augusta and set about recruiting Tories from the back country. William Mangum was one of these. As he states in his 1786 reparations petition in Nova Scotia, "your memorialist did in the year 1779 join the British Troops under Lt. Col. Campbell and from the first commencement of the war your memorialist can fully prove that his attachment to the British Government was undisputable." Mangum states that "sometime in 1780" he was "doing Duty at Ebenezer in Georgia, and my son with me, and he attempting to go to see his Mother and Sisters, was Killed on his way by the Rebells. Your Memorialist went down to the Town of Savannah in Georgia, doing duty under the command of James Philips, Capt. of Georgia Horse, and was out from the Troop on Duty and was taken by the Rebells prisoner and taken to Genl. Wain" ('Mad Anthony' Wayne, the American Commander) "at Ebenezer and I was interned about 6 or 7 days and I absented from them and I went into the Town of Savannah. At the Evacuation of Savannah (I) went to St. Augustine in East Florida and remained until the Spanish Governor took Possession of that place."
There are several references to Mangum's military service with the British, 1779-82, mostly with the Ninety-Six Brigade, Little River Militia, variously commanded by Major Patrick Ferguson in 1780 (whose death in October 7, 1780, in the battle of King's Mountain, N. C., marked the turn of British fortunes), by Lt. Col. John Cruger whose march to Orangeburgh, S.C. in 1780 included Mangum, and by Col. Thomas Pearson who commanded in 1781-2. Mangum is included in the pay records of 7 Dec. 1781 which notes "soldiers posted on James Island, S.C." (Charleston Harbor). It is probable that by that time Mangum's land in the back country had been abandoned, and his family had also made their way to Charleston as refugees. Mangum's last military pay of record is 5 Aug. 1782, after the evacuation of Savannah but before the evacuation of Charleston.
The official entry of the death of Mangum's son reads: "Kings Rangers, Muster. Capt. Joseph Marshall's Co., King's Rangers, Augusta, Georgia, 24 April 1781. Samuel Mangum, Private, killed 12 Nov. 1780. (PAC RG81 C Series. Vol. 1898). As his father notes, his death occurred somewhere between Ebenezer where they were stationed and Augusta, near the Mangum home.
The account books of Sir James Wright, Royal Governor of Georgia, show cash paid of L6.10 to William Mangum, "asst. commissary, Georgia Militia and Refugees" Nov. 26, 1781; and a similar item for L28.10.5 paid to William Mangum Dec. 10, 1781, "provisions for refugees." It is probable that Mangum, who was also in the cattle business, played a role in arrangements for refugee relief behind British lines in Savannah. In October, 1781, he is paid for cattle for the militia and refugees.
There are two war stories involving William and sons of his brother John. Mangum Family Bulletin 6-30 states that William Mangum (1756-1827), son of our William Mangum's brother John, fought on the rebel (American) side of the siege of Old Ninety-Six, the key British fortress in northwest South Carolina. Our William Mangum, the Loyalist was probably also in this engagement. Thus it is possible that (uncle) William the Loyalist fought (nephew) William the Rebel in one of the important engagements of the Revolution. "Old Ninety-Six" was abandoned by the British in July 1781, a month after the British abandoned Augusta. Presumably Mangum's wife and daughters left with the British for Charleston at this time or earlier. (See also Bulletin 25-6 for possible relevance as well.) [John Mangum Jr. (b. 1763), nephew of William the Loyalist, was an American volunteer who fought for five years with Marion's Brigade ("The Swamp Fox"). He was captured and saved from death by the British commander who knew and liked his Loyalist 'brother'. This can only be his Loyalist uncle William.{Kerry's note: The part of serving with the Swamp Fox is inaccurate.}]
In his 1786 petition in Nova Scotia, Mangum describes himself as "late of Georgia and Halifax county." This is "Halifax District," an old and rather inaccurate name of the area which now constitutes Richmond and Burke Counties, formerly St. Paul's and St. George's parishes. He states that he owned land totaling 450 acres; 250 acres on Kiokee Creek and 200 acres on Brushy Creek, estimated total value of L250. He also put in claims for 142 head of cattle, 27 head of sheep, 100 head of hogs, 10 head of horses, 250 bushels of corn, and 30 bushels of wheat. Former neighbors served as witnesses to Mangum's claims and testified that his losses were even greater than stated. Nevertheless his claims were rejected in Nova Scotia.
The new Georgia state government confiscated Mangum's plantations and they were presumably sold at auction, probably in bond without his name listed. There are records of the confiscation and sale to John Petterson of 30 head of "William Mangrum's Cattle," branded WM, on Sept. 2, 1782, in the sale of confiscated estates in Burke County. (Revolutionary Records of Georgia, Vol. I, p 524).
Georgia's official confiscation and banishment act, passed May 4, 1782, listed those "Guilty of Treason Against this State... by traitorously adhering to the King of Great Britain...whereby they compleated a violation of every right human and divine; and Whereas the aforesaid treasons and other atrocious crimes justly merit a forfeiture of protection and property..." A long list of alleged crimes was attributed to the Georgia Tories, and the 47 leading offenders, beginning with Sir James Wright, the former Royal Governor, and including "William Mangrum," were specified by name in the legislation. They were "hereby declared to be banished from this State forever." If apprehended in Georgia during the next sixty days, they were to be jailed and transported when convenient to British dominions "beyond the seas." "If any of the said persons shall return to this State after such transportation,...they are hereby declared to be guilty of felony and shall...suffer death without benefit of Clergy." All real and personal property of those banished, held in 1775 or subsequently, and all debts of whatever nature due them, were confiscated to be sold for the benefit of the state of Georgia. (Revolutionary Records of Georgia, Vol. I p. 373-97.)
William Mangum's name took its place in the "Black Book" circulated after the Revolution from state to state so that all could be on guard against the return of traitors to any of the former thirteen colonies.
There is reference in the confiscation law to various "illegal" transactions by the named traitors between 1775 and 1782, all of which (conveyances, sales, etc.) were declared null and void. The fact that Mangum is listed in 1782 as from "Effingham County," farther south than his original two plantations, suggests that he may have obtained additional property in that area during the latter years of the war, perhaps former Whig (Rebel) property confiscated by the British during their return to power 1778-80. The Georgia Archives contains a manuscript volume on confiscated estate sales 1782-85, and there are "William Mangrum" references #108 and #194. (I have not yet been able to see them.)
William Mangum, by his own testimony, was in Savannah, then the seat of Royal Government in Georgia, until its final evacuation in July 1782. Read literally, his statements suggest he went directly from there to the loyalist refuge in St. Augustine. However, his military pay records have him in Charleston for pay purposes, and we have seen that his daughter refers to Charleston and South Carolina as places of origin. Perhaps the family, or at least the women, were in Charleston before its evacuation in December, 1782.
At any rate, it is safe to assume all four Mangums - William, his wife Elizabeth, and their daughters Sarah and Mary, were in Florida by early 1783. William says in his Nova Scotia claim that he "resided in St. Augustine." There is also evidence that he resided in St. John's Bluff, a refugee settlement on the St. John's river some miles from St. Augustine. Perhaps both statements are correct for different times.
A census of the refugees on Oct. 20, 1784, shows the William Mangum family as follows: "Mangum, Guillermo. American Planter going to Louisiana. Lives on St. John's River. Family of 4. 4 slaves. 5 horses."
William later explains his delay in proferring claims to the British in Nova Scotia by saying with reference to 1784: "during this time unable to leave a distressed and sickly family in their unhappy circumstances, I being a far distance settled from the town of St. Augustine on the River St. Johns."
In effect there was a 2 1/2 year prolonged evacuation of loyalists from Florida. The Spanish Governor arrived in June, 1784, and British rule officially ended. But there was a co-dominium through 1785, with British governor Tonyn still in Florida that spring. The evidence suggests that William Mangum left for Nova Scotia with two servants in the "spring fleet," 1785, probably in the company of his friend, fellow refugee, and future neighbor, Jesse Gray.
The reference to his wife's illness suggests that she may have died between October, 1784, and her husband's departure the next spring. There is no reference to her in the later St. Augustine census; she is not included in the family census of her daughter Sarah who remained in St. Augustine. It is unlikely that she would have returned to Georgia considering her husband's status.
The Spanish Census of 1783 in St. Augustine shows Sarah Piles, widow, and two sons. The older son was a butcher. the younger son, John, was a planter. John Piles was still in St. Augustine in late December, 1784. He obtained a headright grant of 200 acres on the Turtle River, Glynn County, Georgia on July 20, 1785, perhaps an inheritance of his father.
He must have married Mary Mangum, daughter of William the loyalist, between October, 1784, and their return to Georgia in 1785. John Piles became a wealthy landowner, prominent local official in Glynn County, and State Representative. He died in 1803; Mary died in 1850. They had five sons and many descendants.
Sarah Mangum, born in 1768, was re-baptized a Catholic in St. Augustine, Nov. 4, 1786, at age 18. This was necessary under Spanish law if she wished to remain in Florida. She changed her name at that time to Maria Isabel (Mary Elizabeth) Mangum, and a month later she married Juan Jorge (John George) Hinsman (Heintsman, Hindsman). He came from a family of German extraction via Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was one of seven children, about whom there is considerable information. The Hinsmans had three children born in St. Augustine 1787-1792. Hinsman died, and Maria Isabel married (2) Antonia Poncell, a Minorcan immigrant, part of a famous settlement near St. Augustine. The Poncells had a son born in 1799 and perhaps other children. Hinsman descendants, if any, have not been traced. Numerous Poncell descendants are known.
William Mangum therefore appears to have left for Nova Scotia shortly after the death of his wife Elizabeth, the same time frame as his daughter Mary's marriage to Piles, and a year before his daughter Sarah married Hinsman. He himself refused the opportunity of a Catholic conversion, which his daughter accepted. By this time he was very much in the company of Jesse Gray who may have influenced him to go to Nova Scotia. (The Gray connection may have been an earlier one. There were prominent Grays in the same Virginia community as the early Mangums.) Undoubtedly Mangum, Gray, and others like them were lured by, and hoped to get, free land in Nova Scotia as compensation from the British for their losses in America and services to the Crown. The "company" Mangum kept was often North Carolinian. Thus his name appears in 1786 with members of the North Carolina Highlanders, an army regiment headed by Lt. Col. John Fanning and Major Samuel Andrews, and including Jesse Gray. This petition for land in Nova Scotia, like Mangum's personal claim, was rejected for no known reason. (In it Mangum is listed as "William Mangram, single, 2 servants.")
The regimental petition was actually marked "approved for 100 acres for a single man in East Tusket, Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia, but in effect it was rejected because the land, for some unknown reason, was never received. Facing no reward of any kind for his devotion to the King, Mangum in effect became a squatter on land on Morris Island. He lived there the rest of his life, under harsh conditions, with no grant or legal title. his neighbor on the island was Jesse Gray.
From 1786-1791 there are several court cases of record in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, the leading Loyalist port of debarkation. They are the leading slave cases of the Loyalist diaspora. In two cases in 1786, April and November, slaves sought their freedom from Jesse Gray. The court upheld Gray's right to the slaves; Mangum testified as a witness for Gray in the first trial. In 1787 Mangum "purchased" a slave, Mary Postell, from Jesse Gray for "113 bushels of potatoes, 100 as purchase price, and 13 as freight." The issue was not the validity of the "sale," but Gray's own prior ownership rights in Mary. Again the court found for Gray, and Mangum's purchase of Mary was validated. During the trial when the Court asked Mary if she complained about being sold to Mangum, she said no, she was glad to be out of Gray's service. The Rev. J. R. Sample in his "History of the County of Yarmouth" (1876) says: "She became as much the property of Mangham for a hundred bushels of potatoes as a horse would for the same consideration." He adds that "in the course of a very few years, public opinion in this Province reprobated the practice."
The court records in the Postell case show a summons served to Mangum's wife at his house on May 23, 1791, so Mangum had remarried in Nova Scotia before that date. Unfortunately there is so far no evidence of the name of the Nova Scotia wife. The fact that his eldest Hurlburt grandson was named William Willoughby Hurlburt is perhaps suggestive, and there was a Baptist family in Nova Scotia named Willoughby with a daughter of marriageable age at this time. But there is no evidence, and the possibility remains sheer speculation.
There were at least five Mangum children born to William Mangum and his new wife in Nova Scotia. The two oldest daughters were given the same names as his two daughters in America, Sarah and Mary. Both married sons of Jesse Gray. The others were all given names prominent among the Mangums of Virginia and North Carolina - Solomon, John, and Jemima.
William Mangum (or Mangham as the spelling is in most Nova Scotia documents) died before February 19, 1819, the date of a land petition by his sons John and Solomon Mangham and his son-in-law, James Gray. They refer to themselves as the sons of Loyalists who had never been granted land in Nova Scotia. John and Solomon Mangham were single "but have a widow mother and some orphan children to support." This latter reference would seem to apply to unknown younger children of William Mangum, unless they are children outside the family, of servants or others living with the Mangums. So there may have been more Nova Scotia children of William Mangham than the five listed above.
William Mangham's widow, after his death, for a time kept a public house or tavern on Morris Island. She was given a "free license" from the Court of General Sessions, usually a sign of desperate circumstances. The date of her death is unknown.
William Mangham the Loyalist and his Nova Scotia wife are probably buried in an unmarked grave at their home of thirty years on Morris Island, Argyle Township, Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia. His remarkable odyssey was, in fact, not unlike those of many emigre Loyalists who found themselves cast upon bleak Nova Scotia shores after the Revolution. He had seen a lot of history and played an active part in many dramatic events. Over the generations many of his descendants have found their way back to the United States, but few have led the lives as colorful and adventurous as his.
[The article continues with "THE children and GRANDChildren of William Mangum," which I do not copy. Also the following article is also in the same last bulletin. Be cautious about references to John Mangum's service with Francis Marion, aka "The Swamp Fox" because my research does not confirm this. - Kerry Petersen]
William Mangum The LOYALIST and HIS REBEL NEPHEWS, by Thomas L. Hughes.
Like many American families in the Revolution, there were divided loyalties among the Mangums. William the Loyalist (b. 1736) was the most prominent Tory. He and his son fought in the British forces in the Georgia back country 1779-82. At various times William fought at Augusta, Ebenezer, and Savannah, (in Georgia) and at Old Ninety-Six, Orangeburgh, and Charleston (in South Carolina).
William's older brother John (b. 1732) had two sons, William (b. 1756) and John Jr. (b. 1763). Both figure in Revolutionary War stories involving their uncle, William the Loyalist.
I. The siege of Old Ninety-Six, the major British outpost in backwoods South Carolina, located above Augusta, Georgia, began on May 22, 1781. British Col. John Cruger conducted a superb defense, and the siege dragged on till mid-June. Cruger again made a successful defensive withdrawal to Orangeburg. We know that Mangum served under Cruger and participated in the action. Mangum's unit was called the "Ninety-Six Brigade, Little River Militia".
William Mangum (1756-1827), nephew of William the Loyalist, fought in the siege of Ninety-Six on the rebel (American) side (cf. "Miscellaneous Records of North Carolina," p. 200). It appears, therefore, that uncle and nephew fought on opposite sides in the same engagements at Ninety-Six.
Ninety-Six was the key link in the chain of forts designed by Lord Cornwallis to keep control of the back country from Georgia to Virginia. The tide of war in the South turned with its abandonment. William Mangum the Loyalist and his family retreated with the British to the last outposts, Savannah and Charleston, and in late 1782 were evacuated as refugees to (then British) St. Augustine, Florida.
II. John Mangum Jr. (1763-1843), also a nephew of William the Loyalist, enlisted in Marion's Brigade (the "Swamp Fox") and served with this celebrated guerilla group in the last four years of the Revolution. The Mangum Family Bulletin #25 (July, 1986), page 6, contains this account submitted by a John Mangum descendant:
"When the Revolutionary War broke out, (two brothers) enlisted. The older brother enlisted in the U.S. Army, then after a time he turned Tory and joined the British Army. John Mangum enlisted in the U.S. Service at the age of 15...While he was in service he was permitted to go home on a furlough. When returning for service, the crew was captured, taken prisoner by the British, and kept for several days. They then took their prisoners out to a log and laid their heads on it and chained them to it. The commanding officer drew his sword and raked two or three of them across the head and told the Captain to turn them loose. Then the commanding officer took his sword and split the rest of the prisoners' heads open and left them. John Mangum was one of the boys spared.
"Later John Mangum had a chance to talk to the commanding officer and asked him why his life was spared. The officer told him that he knew his brother and he was a pretty good son-of-a-bitch, and thought he would be too. His brother being a Tory saved his life. He soon afterward escaped and returned to the U.S. Army."
This account is a traditional one in the family, passed on by word of mouth. The central element of the story may well be true. However we have seen that John's older brother William was not a Tory during the Southern campaign (1779-82), but fighting on the same side as John. The Tory in the family was Uncle William.
There are, in fact, documentary references to John's enlistments (see Palmer, "The Mangums of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and MS," Santa Rosa, CA 1988, p. 5, ftn. 19). These show John's enlistments from Newberry District, SC, during the period in question. He was in the siege of Augusta and the battle of Edge Hill. "He was wounded on his head by William Cunningham, a Tory, and was taken prisoner..." This is documentary corroboration of his capture and head wound by the British officer. The military records show that he did return to his regiment after captivity. The mistake in the traditional story is between John's brother William and his uncle William. It was the uncle who was the Tory and, therefore, presumably the hero of the tale.
William Cunningham was a infamous Tory with such a reputation for sadistic handling of prisoners that he was called "Bloody Bill." By the end of the war, Bloody Bill had killed, according to popular estimates, fifteen hundred Whigs. After the British retreat from Ninety-Six in 1781, he conducted terror raids into the old back country killing and slaughtering in merciless retaliation. A native of the area, he would surely have known William Mangum the Loyalist, probably well and favorably, and, apparently for that reason, spared the nephew John."
[Kerry's note: William was not technically even an uncle since but more of grand-uncle since he was not on the direct line to John.]
3. Issue No. 13, "Mangum Family Bulletin," Dec. 1972; Reprinted 1980 & 1998[Originally issued as ANNUAL Issue Number 1]has the following article: "William Mangum, Virginia to North Carolina Migration," by James L. Parham:
"Foreword
This is the fourth in a series of articles on the Mangum family. These articles should be used with extreme care since some of this material is simply personal views of the author. However., these articles can be of great help when used as a basis of further study. If you find any error of fact or interpretation,, please call my attention to it immediately.
William IN Virginia
In the early 1700's, there were several Mangum families living in and around the Counties of Surry., Sussex and Isle of Wight, Virginia. The possible origin of some of these families have been given in previous articles in the bulletin.
The subject of this article is the family of William Mangum of the Albemarle Parish, Surry & Sussex Counties, Va. William was born probably between 1700 and 1715. I have seen "about 1706-10," in several places. However, I have seen no definite evidence that would correctly place his date of birth. He was likely the son of John Mangum the immigrant and Frances of Isle of Wight Co., Va. (1-I) William was married to Mary (1-A). It has been reported that Mary was born 1708 and was the dau. of John Person (Will 8/8/1721) and wife Mary (or Sarah) of Surry Co., Va. I have been unable to substantiate this however.
The known children of Wm. and Mary were James born 2 June 1734, not 2 Feb. 1734 and not to Wm. and Martha. William Jr. b. 16 May 1736, Arthur b. 2 May 1741, not 1743 or 1744, and Sarah b. 14 Oct. 1743. (1-A) There may have been others, but these were the only ones recorded in the Parish. The Parish itself was not set up until 1738 and therefore the births Of James and William were apparently recorded "after the fact." It may be significant that neither have godparents listed, but neither does Arthur born in 1741. It has previously been established that Henry Mangum, born in 1773 was born to a different Wm. and Mary (1-K).
William Mangum and family probably remained in Surry County until 1747 (3) since he witnessed an estate inventory in June of that year. Before May of the next year, 1748, William and family had migrated into North Carolina.
William Mangum IN NORTH CAROLINA
William Mangum was in Granville County., N. C. by June 1748 since he witnessed a deed there on that date. (1-B) He may have come to Granville by way of Edgecombe County, now Halifax Co. In May 1748 (4) William witnessed a deed there. This appears to tie in William and the Mangums who were later in Halifax County. This will be reserved for a later article. By 1749, William began to obtain his own land in Granville County. The 350 acres that was surveyed for him in that year was granted to him (for a fee) in 1751 by John Earl Granville. (1-C). Later in this same year, William sells this land and in Sept. helps lay out a road in Granville. (2-A)
In 1754, William and sons Wm. Jr. and James are in the Militia of Granville County. (5) All are also listed in the 1755 tax list of Granville. (6) In 1752 and 1755 additional land was surveyed for William. (1-C) However., William allowed Samuel Mangum (brother or more likely older child) to have the land surveyed in 1752 (granted in 1756). William obtained additional land in 1760 and thereafter began to sell it. These deeds show that William was a planter and lived in St. John's Parish. This Parish was quite extensive and does not pin down the location of William's land.
The records of William Sr. and William Jr. (who became 21 in 1757) are difficult to sort out. There are apparent differences in several of the William Mangum signatures, but their significance have not been fully investigated. Apparently neither used Jr. or Sr.
In 1764, Bute County was formed out of the eastern part of Granville County. Most or all of William's remaining land was in the newly formed Bute County. There are many Bute County deeds between 1765 and 1780 involving William or in some cases, just the last name Mangum. (1-D) There were, however, other Mangums in Bute County.
By 1777, William Mangum Jr. was with his brother Arthur in Orange County. (1-E) William may have moved to Orange County earlier but he probably was still in Bute County as late as 1768. (1-D) William Sr. would have been near 70 if alive at this time. William Jr. is listed in 1779 and 1780 Orange tax list and was named as one of the executors of his brother Arthur's will in 1789 (no probate available). (10, 1-G) In that same year, William of Orange Co. buys and sells land in Granville. (1-B) This is probably William Jr., but could have been Wm. P. Mangum, son of Arthur.
Little additional information is available concerning Wm. Jr. He was married (Mary???) and apparently one daughter married a Piles and moved to Georgia. (1-H) It is interesting to note that a Col. Piles of Orange Co. had a force of 300 Tories fighting for the King in 1781. William probably died between 1789 and 1800 since he was absent in the 1800 census.
A tradition in my family is that Pleasant Mangum, my ancestor, was born in 1777 to William Mangum Jr. and wife Mary. I have been unable to find any evidence to support this tradition. William Jr. would have been 41 in 1777 and apparently living in Orange County. Pleasant married and lived in nearby Granville County.
It is Unknown whether or not William Sr. had more children after he came to North Carolina. No direct evidence has been found one way or the other. The last child listed as being born to Wm. and Mary in Virginia is Sarah born 1743. It was approx. 5 years later that William migrated to N. C. If William and wife had no children in this five year period, they probably had none in N. C. William and probably wife would have been in their 40's in N. C., not necessarily past child bearing age.
There has been found no mention of any of the female members of the family after the migration to North Carolina. This is not to surprising since females had few chances to leave public records in those days and marriage would have changed last names for them.
James Mangum
James was born 2 June 1734 (1-A) in the Albemarle Parish., Surry County, Va. to William and Mary Mangum. James migrated with his parents into Granville Co., N. C. at the age of about 13 years. Little is known about him. He was in the Granville Co. Militia in 1754 (5) at 20 years of age (with father and brothers) and is called son of William in the 1755 tax list. (6)
His estate record shows that he died l5 Sept. 1757 at the age of 23, leaving a wife Sarah and one son unnamed. (2-B) Purchasers of his estate include Wm, Arthur and Samuel Mangham. No land dealings concerning James have been found.
Samuel Mangum
It is unknown at present what the relationship was between William Mangum Sr. and Samuel. They were probecoly close kin, possibly brothers. [Reprint note: Recent theories place Samuel as an older son of William.] Samuel was a godparent, along with William and Mary Mangum, of a son of James and Mary Mangum of the Albemarle Parish in 1743/44. (1-A) He migrated to N.C. with the rest of the Mangun family and witnessed a deed there as early as 1751. (1-B) He obtained a land grant in 1756 which was originally surveyed for William in 1752. (1-C) Samuel witnessed several deeds in Granville County and was in the 1754 Granville Militia (5). He was living with Jno. Tompson in 1755 (6) and therefore not in the household of William and family.
Samuel was a carpenter and planter. In 1755 he took in a 9 year old orphan to teach him the trade (carpenter). (2-C) In 1757 he was a purchaser of the estate of James Mangum. 2-B
Samuel apparently died between this date and 1758. On 20 Dec. 1758 the inventory-of his estate was returned to Court. (2-D) An account of his estate was returned to court nearly 20 years later. (1-F) and a corrected account in May 1779. These accounts show that Samuel left a widow and 6 children.
These latter estate accounts are puzzling in several respects. One major puzzle is why.there were purchasers of Samuel's estate listed in 1755 when he was not dead before late 1757 or 1758.
The names of Samuel's children are not given, but we find a Howell Mangum selling some of Samuel's land in 1773 & 1774 in Bute County, N.C. (1-D)
ARTHUR Mangum
Arthur ManguM, was son of William Mangun Sr. and wife Mary. He was born 2 May 1741 in the Albemarle Parish, Surry Co. Va. (1-A)
Arthur will not be dealt extensively with here. He has been the subject of several sketches as a result of his politically active grandson, Willie P. Mangum of N.C. Instead, any new or corrected information will be included in this sketch.
Arthur apparently migrated into N.C. with his parents in the late 1740s. He must have been less than 10 years old. The family tradition which has Arthur, wife and son comiing into N.C. by wagon are apparently in error. [Reprint note: The tradition may refer to the time Arthur and family came into Orange County, N.C. from Granville County, N.C.]
There is considerable confusion as to the date of Arthur's death. The sketch by Weeks has his death on 12-24 March 1769. (7) However, Arthur's will is dated 24 Nov. 1769 (no probate found) and he could not have died before that date. Also, Arthur bought land 11 May, 1790 and this sets a further limit on the date of his death. (1-E) Arthur Mangum Jr. was born 1773 and would have been only 17 years old in 1790. Mr. Mangum Turner, descendent of Arthur, remembers hearing a family tradition when he was young that places Arthur's death in 1809. This probably is not correct. The 1800 census of Orange County does not list Arthur, but does have Lucy Mangum (Mangreem), as head of household. (1-J) She was probably Arthur's widow (he married Lucy Person). Arthur's death must have been between 11 May 1790 and 1800.
The papers of Willie P. Mangum by Shanks (11) mentions a deed dated 1823 which may throw some light on the situation. The deed in question states that Arthur Mangum sold land to his son William P. Mangum, but died before executing a deed. It further states that William P. Mangum, had lived on the land for nearly 20? years. If William P. Mangum began living on the land when he purchased it, this seems to set the date of death of Arthur as about 1793.
The records show that Arthur had considerable contact with his brothers and other relatives in surrounding counties and had dealings-with the U.S. Government during the Revolutionary War. (8,9)
References
1. Mangum Family Bulletin:
A. Register of Albemarle Parish, Surry and Sussex COs, Va. Vol. 1, No. 1, page 3. [Issue 1]
B. Deeds of Granville Co., N. C. Series beginning in Vol. 1, No. 3, page 36. [Issue 3]
C. Land Grants, Granville Co., N.C. Vol. 1, No. 3, page 35. [Issue 3]
D. Bute Co., N.C. Deeds, Vol. l, No. 1, page 10. [Issue 1]
E. Orange County N.C. Deeds., Vol. 3, No. 3 & 4, page 42.[Issue 11/12]
F. Estate of Samuel Mangum, Vol. 3, No. 3 & 4, page 49.(Issue 11/12]
G. Will of Arthur Mangum Vol. 3, No. 3 & 4. page 32.[Issue 11/12]
H. Letter Jas. C. Mangham of GA to Willie P. Mangum of Orange County, N. C. Vol. 1. No. 2, page 22. [Issue 2]
I. Article - John Mangum of Early Virginia Vol. 1, No. 4, page 47. [Issue 4]
J. 1800 Orange Co., N.C. Census Vol. 1. No. 1. page 9. [Issue 1]
K. Family of Henry Mangum Vol. 2., No. 3, page 33. [Issue 7]
2. Notes and Memoranda for the History and Genealogy of Granville County, in prep. by Thomas Mc Adory, Montgomery, Ala. Vol. 1. This is a microfilm record at the N.C. State Dept. of Archives and History, Raleigh, N.C.
A. Court Minutes, Vol. 2.
B. Granville Co. Records., 1760-1762, p. 72, Returned to Court shown in Granville Co. Records., 1762-65., page 16.
C. Court Minutes Vol. 2.
D. Court Records, Vol. ??, page 118.
3. 16 June 1747 Wm. Mangum helped appraise estate of Arthur Sherrod, Surry Co., Va. Surry Co. Deeds Wills, Etc. 1738-1754, page 559, BK 9.
4.18 May 1748 William Manggum & Wassis Jones witnessed sale of 300 acres of Edgecombe land on both sides of Jack Horse Branch by William Jones of Edgecombe to William Atkinson. (courtesy of Charlie Dunn Alston of Scotland Neck., N.C.)
5. 1754 Regiment of Militia under Col. William Eaton, 8 Companies, Capt. Daniel Harris's Company lists William, James, William Jr. and Samuel, all Manghams. State Records of N.C.
6. 1755 Granville Co., N.C. Tax List. Earliest Extant Tax List. [Reprint note: Not the earliest. Earlier ones have been found.]
7. Biographical History of N. C. from Colonial Times to the present. (Vol. 5, 1906), edited by S.A. Ashe, Sketch by Weeks.
8. 1765 Petition by Wm and Arthur Mangum asking the Governor for Clemency for Thomas Hunt who had been condemned to die by hanging for horse theft. Petition from Hillsborough, Orange Co., N.C. Colonial Records of N.C., Vol. XIX, page 932.
9. 1777-85 Account of U.S. with N.C. Rev. War, Book C, page 141-184, Vol. C page 127, Vol. A, page 42. Arthur Mangum mentioned.
10. Tax lists of Orange County, 1779, 80 in the State Dept. of Archives and History, Raleigh, N.C.
11. 20 Jan. 1823 The PAPERS of WillIE P. Mangum, Vol. 1, page 47.
4. FHL Film 1697868 and book "The Mangums of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, Utah, and Adjoining States," by John T. Palmer, Ph.D. Santa Rosa, CA 95409, 1993, 3rd ed., pp. 36-37 gives the following children of this William [I only list the first generation, but more extensive descendancy is included in the book]:
A. First Issue:
a. Samuel Mangum, b. ca 1762, NC or GA, joined the British forces in 1779 and was killed as a British soldier in the King's Rangers between Ebeneezer and Augusta, Georgia, 12 Nov 1780, near the Mangum home when he attempted to visit his mother and sisters. Unmarried.
b. Sarah Mangum, b. 1768, SC or GA, baptized a Catholic 4 Nov 1786, age 18, in St. Augustine (compulsory under Spanish rule). She changed her name at that trime to Maria Isabel and later married 1st Juan Jorge Hinsman (Heintsman, Hindsman) b 1754 d 1792/8 on 27 Nov 1796 of German abstraction via Pennsylvania and Maryland, m. 2nd: Antonio Poncell.
c. Mary Mangum, b 1769, SC or GA, m. John Piles Sr. son of Samuel Piles, probably in St. Augustine, Florida, 1783-84. They returned to Glynn Co., GA, where John inherited land and became a State Representative, d. there in 1803. Mary continued living there until her death in 1850.
B. Second Issue (Note that William gave his daughters from the second marriage the same names as he had named daughters in the first.):
d. Sarah Mangham b ca 1792/94, Nova Scotia m. James Gray in 1811.
e. Mary Mangum b. ca 1797/1800, Nova Scotia, m. Jesse Gray, Jr. in 1817, a son of Jess Gray Sr. and Sarah Molton.
f. Jemima Mangham b 1795/1800, Morris Island, m. ca 1822 to James Hurlburt b ca 1801 d ca 1875, son of the Connecticut emigre loyalist Titus Hurlburt and Sarah Leonard, lived in Kemptville, Yarmouth Co., Nova Scotia, and d. in 1882, leaving many descendants of this Hurlburt family in Canada and the US.
g. Solomon Mangham/Mangum, b. 1798 Morris Island, d. 1861 m. Elizabeth Ricker of Argyle 13 Feb 1821, settled in Kemptville, Yarmouth Co., Nova Scotia."
BIRTH:
1. Issue No. 1 "Mangum Family Bulletin," March 1969:
"Register of Albemarle Parish, Surry & Sussex Counties, Virginia 1739-1778." Gertrude R. B. Richards, ed. Printed by the University Press of Virginia
1. Arthur, son of Wm. Mangum and wife Mary; born May 2, c. 1741.
2. John, son of Reuben Cook and wife Mary; born Jan 2, c. Feb. 26, 1758; gdpts John Weathers, Edward Weaver Jr., Agnes Mangum.
3. Elizabeth, dau. of Burrell Green and wife Lucy; born May 26, c. Aug 20, 1769; gdpts James Mangum Jr., Betty Mangum, Ann Avery.
4. Lucy, dau. of Edward Jones and wife Elisa; born Jul 23, c. Aug. 29, 1762; gdpts John Robinson, Sarah Jones, Elisa Mangum.
5. Sarah, dau. of Samuel Mangum and wife Elisa; born Jul 1, c. Aug. 20, 1769; gdpts Thos. Smith, Mary Camp, Selah Smith.
6. Henry, son of Wm. Mangum and wife Mary; born Jan. 24, c. Mar. 28, 1773; gdpts Peter Randall, Seth Williams, Lucy Green.
7. Sarah, dau. of Wm. Mangum and wife Mary; born Oct. 14, 1743, c. Apr. 29, 1744; gdpts James Mangum, Priscilla Rogers, Mary Mangum.
8. Joseph, son of William Rogers and wife Frances; born Nov. 4, 1743, c. Mar. 18, 1743/4; gdpts Joseph Rogers, Jonatan(?) Ellis, Selah Mangum.
9. James, son of James Mangum and wife Mary; born Jan. 22, 1743/4, c. Apr. 29, 1744; gdpts Wm. Mangum, Samuel Mangum, Mary Mangum.
10. James, son of Wm. Mangum and wife Mary; born Jun. 2, c. 1734.
11. Thomas,
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Chris & Julie Petersen's Genealogy
1736 - 1819 (82 years)